三次B样条曲线骨架卷积曲面造型

提出一种基于B样条曲线降阶的三次B样条曲线骨架卷积曲面造型方法．首先通过顶点扰动降阶方法把三次B样条曲线骨架（C^1连续）降阶为C^1连续的二次B样条,然后应用二次B样条曲线骨架的卷积曲面势函数计算方法得到三次B样条曲线骨架的势函数．     

高阶连续的单位四元数插值曲线

给出了k阶连续的单位四元数插值曲线的一种构造算法．构造的曲线不仅插值给定的朝向序列,而且插值给定的角速度序列．单位四元数空间S^3与三维空间R^3之间的映射是该算法的基础：S^3与R^3之间的映射公式保证了曲线的插值朝向序列性质,S^3到R^3的指数映射导数公式保证了单位四元数曲线的插值角速度序列性质．     

四点多参数Binary细分曲线

在曲线细分过程中引入六个参数,构造出一种新的四点多参数细分Binary曲线算法。对四点多参数Binary细分法的一致收敛性、连续性进行分析,该算法使Dyn四点法以及2到6次均匀B样条细分曲线成为特例。通过对形状参数的适当选择来实现对细分极限曲线形状的调控,增加曲线造型的灵活性,并给出造型实例。     

Gregory-Qu算法与Hermite细分曲线构造法的比较

首先分别介绍了Gregory-Qu算法和Hermite细分曲线构造法的细分规则，以及各自生成C^1连续曲线的条件范围，通过对两种算法的比较得出：定常Gregory-Qu算法是定常Hermite细分算法的一个特例。Hermite细分曲线构造法不仅有更弱的C^1连续性的条件，而且生成C^1连续性光滑曲线的细分取点规则更加灵活。     

三角形域上C1连续的四次插值曲面

提出了一种在三角形域上构造C^1曲面的方法，该方法构造的曲面片由4个曲面加权平均产生，在三角形的边界上满足给定的边界曲线和一阶跨界导数．所构造的曲面可看作由一张基本曲面和三张过渡曲面构成．用三条曲线相交于一点且在交点处共面作为约束条件构造基本曲面，在三角形的内部具有较好形状和逼近精度．同边点法相比，文中方法产生的曲面形状更好；且该方法产生的曲面对四次多项式曲面是精确的，因而比Nielson的点边方法具有更高的插值精度．     

带G~1连续约束的Bézier曲线显式最佳降多阶

为了克服已有Bézier曲线降阶算法在保G1连续约束条件下仅给出数值解的缺陷,提出一种Bézier曲线在端点处保G1连续的最佳显式降阶算法.在求解以逼近误差为目标函数的最小化问题过程中,首先给出了Bernstein多项式在两端点保高阶几何连续条件下降阶的最佳显式解;其次给出了Bézier曲线在两端点处保G1连续条件下降阶的最佳显式解;最后给出了降阶曲线的控制顶点和逼近误差的2个显式矩阵表示.数值实例结果表明,文中算法比其他算法的精度高、效率高.     

四次Hermite曲线的构造及其特性

在Hermite曲线插值理论基础上,针对工程应用中的特殊要求,提出了四次Hermite捅值曲线的概念．所构造的四次Hermite曲线满足给定点位置矢量和一阶导数矢量的条件,保证构造曲线处于给定锥面上,达到准双曲面齿轮轮廓曲线的插值精度要求．     

一类多参数的曲线细分格式

构造了一类收敛的多参数差分格式,根据细分格式和差分格式的关系以及连续性条件可得到任意阶连续的多参数曲线细分格式.通过选取合适的参数可以得到一些经典的曲线细分格式,如Chaikin格式、三次样条细分格式和四点插值格式等;同时设计了一种C1连续的不对称三点插值格式,可以生成不对称的极限曲线.给出了同阶差分格式线性组合的性质,从而可设计出更多收敛的多参数曲线细分格式.     

三次均匀B样条曲线的扩展

给出四次多项式调配函数，它是三次B样条函数的扩展．基于给出的调配函数，建立一种带形状参数的分段多项式曲线的生成方法．通过改变形状参数的取值，可以调整曲线接近其控制多边形的程度；可以调整曲线从三次均匀B样条曲线的两侧逼近三次均匀B样条曲线．选取不同的形状参数值，可以得到不同位置的C^2连续的曲线，且所给曲线与三次均匀B样条曲线有相同的端点性质．最后给出了曲线设计的计算实例．     

参数曲线到隐式曲面的正交投影算法

针对参数曲线到隐式曲面的正交投影问题,提出一种二阶迭代算法.利用参数曲线上的点与隐式曲面上正交投影曲线的坐标点所满足的正交条件,推导出正交投影曲线坐标点对空间参数曲线的参数的一阶和二阶导数;在此基础上建立了基于二阶泰勒逼近的正交投影曲线坐标点追踪方法,并给出了2种不同的步长控制方式;同时,考虑到二阶泰勒公式省去的高阶项,给出了相应的一阶误差校正方法.仿真结果表明,该算法具有良好的精确性和较高的效率.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.