环境友好型氟碳防锈乳液的制备研究

以丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸六氟丁酯、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、甲基丙烯酸为单体,可聚合含磷单体为功能单体合成了一种水性防锈氟碳乳液。乳液及其涂膜具有较好的综合性能,用该乳液配制的水性防锈涂料与普通苯丙乳液相比具有更优异的防锈性能。     

水性氟碳外墙涂料的性能研究

优选水性氟碳树脂乳液作为外墙涂料的成膜物质,以碳酸钙粉填充增加涂膜硬度,最后搭配适量的分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂等功能性助剂,研制出一种具有良好耐沾污性、且具备优异的耐候性和保光保色等耐老化性能的外墙涂料。研究了不同种类的水性氟碳乳液对水性氟碳外墙涂料性能的影响,并对不同种类水性氟碳乳液所制备的涂膜性能进行逐一考察。结果表明:虽然氟含量的大小不一定能影响到氟碳外墙乳胶漆的所有性能,但是高氟含量的氟碳涂料产品在耐沾污性和耐候性、保光保色性方面,明显比一般的乳胶漆涂料更优异。     

转相乳化法制备水性氟树脂涂料

用转相乳化法将氟树脂乳化成乳液,进而制备成双组分水性氟涂料。涂膜具有良好的耐水性和耐候性。     

水性多羟基氟碳树脂的制备及其应用

以丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸六氟丁酯、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯为单体,可聚合含磷单体为功能单体合成了一种多羟基水性氟碳树脂。该树脂及其涂膜具有较好的综合性能,用该树脂配制的水性防锈涂料与普通苯丙乳液相比具有更优异的防锈性能。     

新型水性丙烯酸/环氧杂化乳液的制备及其在水性双组分金属防护涂料中的应用

首先用丙烯酸酯单体和乳化剂预乳化环氧树脂,按照乳液聚合的工艺制备了水性丙烯酸/环氧杂化乳液;研究了杂化乳液合成过程中乳化剂种类和用量、功能单体的用量、乳液p H等参数对乳液性能的影响。在此基础上,使用该杂化乳液配制双组分水性环氧涂料,对涂层性能进行测试。结果表明:所制备水性丙烯酸/环氧杂化乳液具有较优的贮存稳定性,采用该杂化乳液配制双组分水性环氧涂料,涂膜具有优异的综合性能;与传统的双组分水性环氧涂料体系相比,该杂化涂料体系具有更长的适用期、更快的干燥速度,可广泛应用于包括防锈底漆和面漆在内的各种防腐涂料应用领域。     

水性双组分涂料用丙烯酸酯乳液的羟值因素

以甲基丙烯酸-β-羟丙酯(HPMA)为羟基单体,采用种子乳液聚合、极性单体分段滴加工艺合成了高羟值(98.8 mgKOH/g)和高固含量(≥45.0%)的丙烯酸酯乳液,配制水性双组分丙烯酸酯聚氨酯涂料(2K-WPU),考查了羟值对聚合稳定性、乳液粒径和涂膜物理化学性能的影响,研究了水性双组分丙烯酸酯聚氨酯涂料合适的-NCO和-OH物质量的比.研究发现:羟值的提高会增加乳液聚合的凝胶率,降低单体的转化率,使乳液聚合稳定性下降,乳液粒径变大,分布变宽;涂膜硬度和交联度随羟值的增大而提高,涂膜光泽和耐介质性能分别在羟值为65.9 mgKOH/g和82.4 mgKOH/g时达到最佳;当n(-NCO)∶n(-OH)为1.5～1.8时,水性双组分丙烯酸酯聚氨酯涂膜的综合性能最佳.傅里叶红外光谱分析表明在涂膜形成过程中-NCO与-OH的固化反应完全需7 d,TGA分析了水性双组分聚氨酯涂膜的耐热性.     

双组分水性丙烯酸聚氨酯防腐装饰涂料的研制

通过筛选双组分水性羟基丙烯酸乳液、固化剂、环保防腐颜料、着色颜料、各种助剂,开发出综合性能优异的双组分水性丙烯酸聚氨酯防腐装饰涂料。讨论了影响涂膜性能的各种因素,结果表明:本研究制备的双组分水性丙烯酸聚氨酯防腐装饰涂料具有优异的理化性能,可应用于建筑装饰、工程机械、船舶、钢结构等领域。     

水性外墙氟碳涂料的研究

以水性氟碳乳液、填料及各种助剂为原料,研制了新型水性外墙氟碳涂料;对该涂料的耐候性、耐水性、耐擦洗性、耐人工老化等性能进行了检测,结果表明,水性外墙氟碳涂料具有优异的性能;并对乳液、填料、助剂的选择及乳液的用量对涂料性能的影响进行了研究.     

太阳能背板保护膜用水性氟碳涂层的应用研究

采用水性氟碳乳液为基料,配合水性异氰酸酯固化剂,开发出水性双组分氟碳涂料,用于太阳能光伏背板保护膜的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)涂层。该产品具有优异的耐候性、附着性、耐湿热老化性能,能够满足太阳能光伏背板涂层的施工工艺及光伏行业的性能要求。     

含氟聚合物及其涂料

氟丙烯酸酯及含氟丙烯酸酯的硬涂层组合物,光固化氟碳涂料及其制备方法和用途,常温固化型四氟树脂涂料的研究,水性彩色氟碳乳液的制备,水性多羟基氟碳树脂的制备及其应用     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。