钻杆焊缝横向侧弯试样断裂原因分析

针对规格为φ139.70 mm钻杆焊缝区进行横向侧弯试验过程中出现试样断裂情况,通过对断口扫描电镜分析、焊缝区金相检测,结合焊缝区的拉伸试验、洛氏硬度和冲击试验等分析检测手段,查找分析了产生不合格情况的原因。结果表明:因钻杆接头和管体端面残留油污,致使钻杆摩擦焊生产过程中在焊缝生成大量夹杂物,影响钻杆焊缝区力学性能,导致横向侧弯试验不合格。     

37CrMnMo4��˽�ͷȱ�ݷ���

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及能谱和波谱分析手段详细研究了37CrMnMo4钻杆接头生产过程中的缺陷问题,结果表明,37CrMnMo4钻杆接头组织局部呈过烧状态,自由结晶面周围及晶界熔融处有P、Mo、Cr等元素的偏聚,由于钻杆接头材料中合金元素的偏析导致后续锻造过程中材料发生“形变过烧”。     

钻杆管体淬火机的研究

介绍了淬火机技术的应用,概述了钻杆管体的机械性能和对外形尺寸的要求,提出在V150钢级、SS105抗硫钻杆管体生产时应加大水量,生产Φ193.7 mm规格钻杆管体时注意调整防止淬火后变形。     

Ф127mm×9.19mm IEU S-135钻杆腐蚀失效分析

对发生管体刺穿、外壁腐蚀的Ф127mm×9.19mm IEU S-135钻杆进行了失效分析.结果表明,钻杆的化学成分、金相组织、机械性能均符合API标准及订货技术条件.钻杆管体刺穿是由于内壁发生严重H2S腐蚀+氧腐蚀造成的.钻杆管体外壁腐蚀是由氧腐蚀引起的.     

Ф127minx9．19mm IEU S-135钻杆腐蚀失效分析

对发生管体刺穿、外壁腐蚀的Ф127mm×9.19mm IEU S-135钻杆进行了失效分析.结果表明,钻杆的化学成分、金相组织、机械性能均符合API标准及订货技术条件.钻杆管体刺穿是由于内壁发生严重H2S腐蚀+氧腐蚀造成的.钻杆管体外壁腐蚀是由氧腐蚀引起的.     

X95钢级钻杆管体外表面裂纹形成原因分析

一批钢级为X95的钻杆,在进行钻杆接头摩擦对焊和钻杆管体内表面涂层涂覆处理后,探伤时发现部分钻杆管体存在不同程度的纵向裂纹。通过金相、扫描和能谱分析的手段,对裂纹的形貌和形成原因进行分析,并结合生产工艺过程,对产生裂纹的原因进行追溯。结果表明：钻杆管端磁粉探伤时与电极接触,管体局部粘附了低熔点电极材料,造成了重金属污染,在后续的加工过程中,管体再次受热,粘附其上的重金属元素向管体金属沿着晶界扩散,从而导致了裂纹的形成。     

苏里格地区钻具失效机理及预防措施

对2010年上半年苏里格地区所发生的钻具失效事故进行了数据收集和统计分析。统计表明,该地区最为常见的钻具失效类型依次为钻杆的疲劳/腐蚀疲劳失效、钻铤螺纹接头的疲劳/腐蚀疲劳失效和钻杆管体过载断裂失效3种。简单分析了导致这3种失效的原因,并提出了有效的预防措施。     

汽车半轴套管开裂原因分析

对某厂生产的20Mn2钢制φ27 mm×11.5 mm汽车半轴套管进行热处理时发现开裂和断裂,对其进行宏观观察、成分分析和金相分析.结果表明,钢管在热处理过程中,加热温度过高或加热时间过长引起的过烧是导致开裂和断裂的主要原因.     

N80-1油管在火驱稠油开采过程中的失效原因分析

采用宏观、金相、XRD等手段,对N80-1油管在新疆稠油热采井火驱工艺开采过程中断裂的原因进行分析。分析认为:该断裂为过载断裂,导致油管过载断裂的主要原因是火驱过程中原油燃烧温度过高,使油管发生高温软化。原油燃烧生成的高CO_2分压导致CO_2腐蚀严重,腐蚀使管体发生点蚀和壁厚减薄,燃烧过程中钢管表面的高温氧化也导致壁厚减薄,都会加速管体发生过载断裂。指出C-Mn系油管不适合用于稠油热采井火驱开采工艺,建议选用Cr-Mo系调质钢种的稠油热采专用管。     

V150高强度超深井钻杆断裂失效分析

某超深井在下套管过程中发生V150钻杆断裂事故,为查明断裂原因,采用宏观及显微组织分析、硬度测试、线弹性断裂力学分析等方法对断裂样品进行了失效分析。结果表明,该钻杆为脆性断裂,裂纹起源于摩擦对焊焊缝外表面附近的灰斑缺陷。由于钻杆焊缝热处理回火时超温,在较快冷却速度下形成了硬脆相组织,降低了焊缝断裂韧性及裂纹临界尺寸,在裂纹深度达到临界尺寸时,裂纹迅速失稳扩展,导致钻杆脆性断裂。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.