护理干预对血液透析患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨护理干预对血液透析患者生活质量的影响。方法回顾性分析我院近年来收治的150例血液透析患者的临床资料,比较分析护理干预前后患者生活质量评分。结果实施护理干预后,150例血液透析患者的物质生活状况、躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能4个维度评分明显升高,与干预前比较,(P<0.05),有显著性差异。由此可见,良好的护理干预可以明显提高血液透析患者的生活质量。结论实施护理干预可以明显提高血液透析患者的生活质量,值得临床推广。     

护理干预对直肠癌麦氏术生活质量的影响

目的探讨护理干预对直肠癌麦氏术患者生活质量的影响。方法将病理确诊且手术方式确定的80例直肠癌患者随即分成2组,对照组采用常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上实施有效的心理护理,建立社会、家庭支持系统,音乐疗法,造口护理指导,化疗期间的健康教育等护理干预。结果12周后干预组的生活质量评分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论护理干预可显著降低患者焦虑抑郁情绪,提高生活质量。     

150例肠易激综合征临床分析及治疗对策

肠易激综合征是指存在消化道症状,但无法用器质性病变或生化异常来解释的消化道功能性疾病。本文通过对2005年1月至2008年1月医院收治的150例IBS患者的分析探讨了IBS的病因、诊断、治疗,以期有益临床。     

家庭护理干预对提高慢性心衰病人生活质量的影响

目的提高慢性心衰病人的生活能力和生活质量。方法将出院1个月内的慢性心衰病人64例,随机分为对照组和实验组各32例。对照组按常规定期复查(第1,2,4月回医院复查),实验组在此基础上由主管护师定期家访和电话访问进行家庭护理干预,4个月后对两组患者进行生活质量的评定。结果通过护理干预,实验组评分显著优于对照组(P<0.01),实验组病人生活质量高于干预前(P<0.05),差异有显著性意义。结论通过护理干预,可有效提高慢性心衰病人的心理、躯体、社会功能和对疾病知识的认知,提高患者的生活质量。     

护理干预对膀胱造瘘病人生活质量的影响

目的探讨护理干预对膀胱造瘘病人生活质量的影响。方法将60例病人随机分为对照组和实验组,前者按护理常规护理,后者则采取全面的护理干预。通过问卷调查、现场观察及患者检查资料来收集患者生活质量数据,进行统计分析。结果护理干预组患者生活质量明显高于对照组。结论对膀胱造瘘病人进行护理干预,可提高其生活质量。     

康复护理干预对颅脑外伤患者生活质量的影响

目的了解康复护理干预对颅脑外伤患者生活质量的影响,为神经外科临床治疗、健康教育和临床护理提供相应的依据。方法护理干预后采用日常生活能力评定量表和KPS预后评定表对75例颅脑外伤患者进行生活质量的调查。结果颅脑外伤患者经过康复护理干预后,在出院后6个月较出院时的日常生活能力及预后情况有着显著性的提高(P<0.05)。结论康复护理干预可以改善颅脑损伤患者后期的生活质量,提高其社会适应能力。     

白术-白芍活性成分治疗肠易激综合征的网络药理学研究

基于网络药理学的方法预测白术-白芍中活性成分治疗肠易激综合征的作用靶点、信号通路、分子机制.检索TCMSP数据库查找白术、白芍活性成分及其作用靶点.检索OMIM、Genecard和Drugbank数据库富集疾病靶点并筛查交集靶点.采用String数据库与Cytoscape软件进行蛋白相互作用分析、靶点网络构建.通过Me...     

中西医结合治疗肠易激综合征45例临床观察

目的观察中西医结合治疗肠易激综合征(IBS)的临床效果。方法45例IBS患者随机分为观察组25例和对照组20例,对照组给予调节植物神经功能、缓解痉挛、调节肠道微生态、止泻或促胃肠动力及心理治疗等综合治疗;观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用疏肝健脾、行气和胃为主的中药方剂治疗。结果观察组总有效率92.0%,对照组总有效率65.0%,两组差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论中西医结合治疗肠易激综合征较单纯西医治疗有效率明显提高,临床疗效确切。     

黛力新联合美常安治疗肠易激综合征(IBS)疗效观察

目的观察黛力新、美常安联合治疗肠易激综合征(IBS)的疗效及毒副反应。方法144例肠易激综合征(IBS)随机分成3组,3组病例具有可比性,治疗组50例,予黛力新10.5mg,每日2次,美常安2粒,每日3次;单用黛力新组46例,口服黛力新10.5mg,每日2次;单用美常安组48例,口服美常安2粒,每日3次。治疗4周后3组进行疗效比较。结果治疗组总有效率94%,单用黛力新组总有效率80.4%,单用美常安组总有效率75%,治疗组与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05),单用黛力新组总有效率与单用美常安组相比,差异无显著性。3组患者均未发现明显的不良反应。结论黛力新、美常安联合治疗肠易激综合征(IBS)有较好疗效,毒副作用小,值得临床推广应用。     

52例小儿肾病综合征的护理干预

目的探讨肾病综合征患儿护理干预措施。方法将104例患儿随机分为对照组和观察组各52例。对照组予以常规护理;观察组在对照组基础上予以积极护理干预。结果观察组患儿症状缓解率为90.4%,明显优于对照组的71.2%(P<0.05)。结论护理干预可以提高患儿遵医行为、增加患儿缓解率,并能提高生活质量,收到良好的效果。     

A Reduced Tryptophan Diet in Patients with Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Improves Their Abdominal Symptoms and Their Quality of Life through Reduction of Serotonin Levels and Its Urinary Metabolites

(1). An essential component of any treatment for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an adequate diet. Currently, a low FODMAP diet is recommended as a first-line therapy, but it does not relieve abdominal discomfort in all patients, and alternative nutritional treatment is required. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a tryptophan-lowering diet (TRP) on abdominal and mental symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D). (2). The study included 40 patients with IBS-D, and 40 healthy subjects served as a baseline for IBS-D patients, after excluding comorbidities. The TRP intake was calculated using the nutritional calculator. The severity of abdominal symptoms was assessed using the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS-IBS). Mental state was assessed using the Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A), the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D), and the insomnia severity index (ISI). The serum levels of serotonin and melatonin and the urinary excretion of their metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6) were determined by the ELISA method. The severity of symptoms and laboratory data were analyzed before and after a 12 week diet with tryptophan restricted to a daily dose 10 mg per kilogram body weight. (3). Compared to the control group, patients with IBS-D had a higher serum level of serotonin (198.2 ± 38.1 vs. 142.3 ± 36.4 ng/mL; p < 0.001) but a similar level of melatonin (8.6 ± 1.1 vs. 9.4 ± 3.0 pg/mL; p > 0.05). The urinary excretion of 5-HIAA was also higher in patients with IBS-D patients (7.7 ± 1.5 vs. 6.0 ± 1.7 mg/24 h; p < 0.001). After nutritional treatment, both the serum serotonin level and the urinary 5-HIAA excretion significantly decreased (p < 0.001). The severity of the abdominal symptoms and anxiety also decreased, while the HAM-D score and the ISI score remained unchanged (4). Lowering the dietary intake of tryptophan may reduce abdominal complaints and does not alter the mental state of IBS-D patients.     

Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Berberine in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Berberine Hydrochloride in Normal and Post Inflammation Irritable Bowel Syndrome Rats

In the present study, post inflammation irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) rats were firstly established by intracolonic instillation of acetic acid with restraint stress. Then the pharmacokinetics of berberine in the rat plasma were compared after oral administration of berberine hydrochloride (25 mg/kg) to normal rats and PI-IBS rats. Quantification of berberine in the rat plasma was achieved by using a sensitive and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method. Plasma samples were collected at 15 different points in time and the pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by WinNonlin software. Compared with the normal group, area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve from zero to last sampling time (AUC_0–t) and total body clearance (CL/F) in the model group significantly increased or decreased, (2039.49 ± 492.24 vs. 2763.43 ± 203.14; 4999.34 ± 1198.79 vs. 3270.57 ± 58.32) respectively. The results indicated that the pharmacokinetic process of berberine could be altered in PI-IBS pathological conditions.     

Cannabinoid Receptors Overexpression in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) after Treatment with a Ketogenic Diet

The administration of a ketogenic diet (KD) has been considered therapeutic in subjects with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which a low-carbohydrate diet, such as KD, can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and functions in an animal model of IBS by evaluating possible changes in intestinal tissue expression of endocannabinoid receptors. In rats fed a KD, we detected a significant restoration of cell damage to the intestinal crypt base, a histological feature of IBS condition, and upregulation of CB1 and CB2 receptors. The diet also affected glucose metabolism and intestinal membrane permeability, with an overexpression of the glucose transporter GLUT1 and tight junction proteins in treated rats. The present data suggest that CB receptors represent one of the molecular pathways through which the KD works and support possible cannabinoid-mediated protection at the intestinal level in the IBS rats after dietary treatment.     

The Ketogenic Diet Reduces the Harmful Effects of Stress on Gut Mitochondrial Biogenesis in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Functional alterations in irritable bowel syndrome have been associated with defects in bioenergetics and the mitochondrial network. Effects of high fat, adequate-protein, low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) involve oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial function, and biogenesis. The aim was to evaluate the KD efficacy in reducing the effects of stress on gut mitochondria. Newborn Wistar rats were exposed to maternal deprivation to induce IBS in adulthood. Intestinal inflammation (COX-2 and TRL-4); cellular redox status (SOD 1, SOD 2, PrxIII, mtDNA oxidatively modified purines); mitochondrial biogenesis (PPAR-γ, PGC-1α, COX-4, mtDNA content); and autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3 II) were evaluated in the colon of exposed rats fed with KD (IBD-KD) or standard diet (IBS-Std), and in unexposed controls (Ctrl). IBS-Std rats showed dysfunctional mitochondrial biogenesis (PPAR-γ, PGC-1α, COX-4, and mtDNA contents lower than in Ctrl) associated with inflammation and increased oxidative stress (higher levels of COX-2 and TLR-4, SOD 1, SOD 2, PrxIII, and oxidatively modified purines than in Ctrl). Loss of autophagy efficacy appeared from reduced levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 II. Feeding of animals with KD elicited compensatory mechanisms able to reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, restore mitochondrial function, and baseline autophagy, possibly via the upregulation of the PPAR-γ/PGC-1α axis.     

Colonic Mucosal Immune Activation in Mice with Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Airway Disease: Association between Allergic Airway Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Recent studies on the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have focused on the role of mast cells (MCs) in intestinal mucosal immunity. A link between allergic airway diseases (AADs) and IBS has been suggested because both diseases have similar pathophysiology. We aimed to investigate whether the induction of AAD in mice could lead to inflammation of the colonic mucosa, similar to IBS. We also evaluated whether this inflammatory response could be suppressed by administering a therapeutic agent. Mice were divided into three groups: control, AAD-induced, and salbutamol-treated. An AAD mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection and nasal challenge with ovalbumin. Mice with AAD were intranasally administered salbutamol. Analyses of cytokine levels, MC count, and tryptase levels in the intestinal mucosa were performed to compare the changes in inflammatory responses among the three groups. Inflammation was observed in the intestinal mucosa of mice in the AAD group. This inflammation in AAD mice was suppressed after salbutamol treatment. Our study demonstrates that AAD induces an inflammatory response similar to that in IBS, suggesting a possible association between IBS and AADs. In patients with IBS with such allergic components, salbutamol may have the potential to alleviate the inflammatory response.     

The Ketogenic Diet Improves Gut–Brain Axis in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Impact on 5-HT and BDNF Systems

Altered gut–brain communication can contribute to intestinal dysfunctions in the intestinal bowel syndrome. The neuroprotective high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) modulates the levels of different neurotransmitters and neurotrophins. The aim was to evaluate the effects of KD on levels of 5-HT, the receptors 5-HT_3B and 5-HT₄, the 5-HT transporter SERT, the neurotrophin BDNF, and its receptor TrkB in the colon and brain of a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Samples from Wistar rats exposed to maternal deprivation as newborns and then fed with a standard diet (IBS-Std) or KD (IBS-KD) for ten weeks were analyzed. As controls, unexposed rats (Ctrl-Std and Ctrl-KD) were studied. IBS-Std rats had a disordered enteric serotoninergic signaling shown by increased mucosal 5-HT content and reduced SERT, 5-HT_3B, and 5-HT₄ levels compared to controls. In the brain, these animals showed up-regulation of the BDNF receptor TrkB as a counteracting response to the stress-induced reduction of the neurotrophin. KD showed a dual effect in improving the altered 5-HT and BDNF systems. It down-regulated the increased mucosal 5-HT without affecting transporter and receptor levels. KD improved brain BDNF levels and established negative feedback, leading to a compensatory downregulation of TrkB to maintain a physiological steady state.     

护理干预在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用研究

目的探讨护理干预在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的护理效果,改善患者的肺功能,提高患者的生存质量。方法随机将80例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者分为观察组和对照组各40例,观察组实施为期6个月的护理干预,对照组仅在就诊时进行宣教,比较2组患者的肺功能和生活质量。结果观察组护理效果明显好于对照组,如肺功能改善情况和生活质量均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论护理干预可以提高慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的肺功能和生活质量,促进患者健康。     

88例妇科肿瘤术后化疗患者护理干预研究

对妇科肿瘤化疗患者实施健康教育和放松训练具有很重要的理论意义,同时也具有很强的实用价值:可以纠正患者对疾病的态度改善其情绪,改善患者乃至整个家庭的生活质量;同时也对从事肿瘤专科治疗的医护人员提出新的要求。本文对护理干预对妇科肿瘤术后化疗患者生存质量影响进行了研究。