基于脉冲分裂的宽带雷达系统通道误差校正方法

在不改动宽带雷达系统校准通道硬件的前提下,该文提出一种校正宽带雷达系统传递函数误差及正交解调误差的新方法。该方法通过对通道误差特征的分析,结合宽带线性调频信号的时频关系,根据分裂脉冲方法以分离通道误差造成的镜频干扰和传递函数非理想,得到宽带雷达系统传递函数的完全表征,由此构建相应的雷达回波校正函数,实现接收回波的误差校正。针对有效带宽的实际雷达系统的通道误差校正实验,验证了该文方法的有效性,且与传统的方法相比,该文方法显现出适用性强的特点。     

Impact of wide-band I/Q modulation errors in SAR imaging analysis and compensation method resaerch

Direct quadrature modulation technology is suitable for wide-band radar signal generation. However, this method has rigorous requirements on amplitude and phase balance of the orthogonal input signals. If the requirements are not satisfied, there would be modulation errors such as image frequency and oscillator leakage that cannot be filtered. The modulation errors will therefore raise the noise floor of the range profile and reduce the dynamic range of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image as a whole. In this paper, the wide-band In-phase/Quadrature-phase (I/Q) modulation errors are modeling analyzed, and the influence of wide-band I/Q modulation errors on SAR imaging is discussed. Furthermore, a compensation method of modulation errors is proposed, and the circuit implementation of the radar signal generation and pre-distortion is presented. The experimental results illustrate that the curves of the I/Q amplitude and phase imbalance errors are successfully extracted and the rejection of image frequency improved significantly, thus meets the requirements of the SAR imaging.     

基于误差校正的双频连续波测距性能分析

针对正交解调接收机通道不平衡的校正问题,利用双频连续波雷达基于快速傅里叶变换比相测距的特点,提出了一种正交解调误差的频域校正方法。首先基于频域分析求出所需要的校正系数,然后实现正交解调误差的校正,达到提高连续波雷达测距性能的目的。通过仿真验证了校正方法的有效性,校正系数的估计方差与克拉美-罗界渐进一致。通过校正后,由通道不平衡引起的测距系统误差被有效地解决,从而改善了双频连续波雷达的测距性能。     

合成孔径雷达轨迹误差的自适应校正算法

讨论了有关合成孔径雷达（SAR）地面图像轨迹失真的自适应校正问题。文中提出的方法属于自适应自聚焦方法中的一种,这种方法采用反射探测信号来纠正轨迹误差信息。将多普勒频谱位移及其高阶导数在斜距范围取平均得到的估值作为信息参数。这样就为建立这种自适应算法提供了可能,即它不仅能够自动校正飞行速度误差,而且还能够校正加速度和突跳误差。给出了 SAR信号处理的结果,讨论了不同条件下信号处理的特性以及所提方法的实现结果。     

一种基于回波数据的机载雷达通道均衡的方法

 提出了一种适用于机载雷达的基于回波数据的通道频率响应均衡的方法.该方法从参考通道和待均衡通道中选取一组高相关性的回波,分别作为期望信号和均衡器输入,借助维纳滤波方法估计均衡器系数;理论分析表明,在杂噪比足够高的情况下,该均衡器响应逼近于实际的通道失配误差.无须改装现有的雷达设备,该方法就可以对馈线和接收机的失配一并进行均衡.实测数据实验验证了该方法有效性.     

UWB雷达LFM脉压信号数字产生系统性能分析

超宽带雷达线性调频（LFM）脉冲压缩信号产生系统是现代雷达技术的重要研究内容之一。该文基于波形存储直读法，提出了一种超宽带线性调频信号数字产生系统方案。对系统中幅度量化位数、采样频率、正交调制器误差和传输系统频域失真等因素对输出信号性能的影响进行了深入的理论分析，计算机仿真验证了这些分析结果。所得结论为超宽带LFM信号产生系统工程实现时参数选择、性能评估和性能优化提供重要的理论依据。     

正交插值和脉冲压缩的合成算法研究

在脉压体制的雷达中,正交插值和脉冲压缩是雷达信号处理的前端,通用的分开处理的方法增加了系统结构的复杂性以及成本的提高.本文通过对正交插值脉冲压缩各种工程实现方法的研究,采用合成算法,在一定条件下简化系统结构并不增加运算量,并通过仿真在理论上讨论其性能和可行性.     

Phase accuracy and stability of quadrature IF demodulators

Baseband signal processing involves the provision of quadrature channels if phase information is of importance. A technique of producing extremely well matched quadrature phase detectors over a 40 dB dynamic range is described, together with a scheme to measure the resulting phase errors to an accuracy of less than 1 min.     

两维DBF相控阵雷达的通道误差与通道均衡

阵元位置误差、阵元间互耦的影响、接收机通道的频率响应的差异都直接影响着雷达阵列信号处理的性能。有效地校正由上述因素产生的误差以获得良好的天线副瓣电平和信号处理能力,一直是人们着重研究的课题。本文针对两维DBF相控阵雷达,探讨窄带情况下通道误差对系统的影响和通道均衡的方法。     

正交相干检波的Bessel内插法及其CPLD实现

正交相干检波是雷达、声纳和通信等系统中为数字信号处理提供高质量的正交信号的关键技术之一。本文研究直接对中频信号采样，并利用Bessel内插将一路中频数字信号分解成两路正交数字信号，从而实现数字正交相干检波处理，同时给出了CPLD实现方案，具有一定的工程参考价值。     

Approach of Adaptive Synchronization for Bistatic SAR Real-Time Imaging

The use of a novel synchronization link to compensate time, phase, and spatial synchronization errors is proposed, aiming at the development of a practical synchronization technique for bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) real-time imaging. With the proposed technique, an amplitude-modulated signal emitting from the transmitter is received by a passive receiver and divided into two channels. One is passed through an envelope detector and then used to trigger the sampling clock, and the second is used to achieve spatial synchronization and phase synchronization. Finally, the residual time synchronization errors are compensated with a proposed high-precision range realignment method, and the residual phase synchronization errors are compensated with autofocus algorithms. This technique allows a passive receiver, which is teamed with an illuminator at a safe standoff distance, to receive the data reflected from potentially hostile areas of interest. Thus, this configuration, making real-time imaging possible, has a particular value in military applications. Simulation results show that successful adaptive synchronization for BiSAR real-time imaging is possible by using this dedicated synchronization link.     

正交解调误差对宽带波束形成的影响

 宽带相控阵雷达中解调误差的存在会对自适应宽带波束形成造成影响.论文以宽带信号和正交解调误差模型为基础,求解了时域和频域宽带波束形成中自相关矩阵的表达式.通过对自相关矩阵的分析论文指出,误差会引起干扰自由度增加、波束形成性能下降.在宽带波束形成中需要更多的空间自由度.     

An adaptive direct conversion transmitter

An adaptive direct conversion transmitter is presented, in which adjacent channel power measurements are used to simultaneously compensate for both power amplifier (PA) nonlinearity and quadrature modulator (QM) errors. Three main contributions are given. First, analysis is presented which shows that adjacent channel power is a quadratic function of power amplifier nonlinearity as well as quadrature modulator errors. Quadrature modulator errors are gain imbalance, phase splitter error, and DC offset errors. Second, a new optimization method is given which uses the predicted adjacent channel power surface to obtain fast convergence. Third, simulation and measured results are given for an adaptive system using offset QPSK modulation. The measured results confirm the analysis and show that a 20-dB reduction in adjacent channel power is achievable. In general, the adaptive direct conversion transmitter has applications in any system where power efficiency and spectral efficiency are important, and allows the use of smaller more efficient power amplifiers in a direct conversion architecture     

DDC在雷达正交接收机中的应用

研制了一种基于DDC芯片的直接中频数字化雷达正交接收机 ,分析了I/Q通道的增益误差和正交误差对解调输出信号的影响。结果表明 ,设计的接收机通道间误差对解调输出的影响完全可以忽略。最后对接收机性能进行了测试 ,得到了理想的解调结果。     

一种基于海洋回波的单极子/ 交叉环天线相位校正方法

高频地波雷达(HFSWR)使用多重信号分类算法MUSIC 算法估计信号源的到达角时,接收通道幅相特性的不一致会使MUSIC 算法的分辨性能下降,甚至完全失效。文中针对单极子/ 交叉环天线提出一种基于海洋回波的相位校正方法:首先,预选出一阶谱区的大信噪比谱点;然后,结合天线三通道相位中心一致的特性进行有效谱点的筛选;最后,利用有效谱点的相位差均值估计出相位误差。将该方法应用于北部湾海域收集的实测数据处理中,验证了方法的有效性。     

用DSP实现相参处理器I/Q通道幅相误差自动校正

本文介绍I/Q通道误差自动校正的实现方法。校正网络由组合逻辑组成,可以校正同相支路和正交支路的幅相误差和直流偏移。校正系数由DSP根据相参测试信号算出。当幅度误差为0.1dB,相位误差为5时,产生的相对镜像电平为-27dB。经过误差自动校正后,相对镜像电平下降到-52dB。     

一种宽带数字化雷达正交解调接收机的设计与实现

描述了一种高效的雷达宽带正交接收机的全数字设计方法,给出了设计条件。并基于FPGA采用此方法实现了八路雷达信号实时正交解调接收的设计。最后对系统性能进行了测试,并与软件解调结果进行了对比,验证了设计的正确性。     

MIMO-ISAR匀加速旋转目标运动参数估计及性能分析

MIMO雷达采用ISAR技术成像时需要估计目标的运动参数,为回波数据的方位向重排与插值提供依据,以及实现距离-多普勒图像的横向定标。针对匀加速旋转目标,该文提出一种初始角速度和转动加速度联合估计方法。借助MIMO雷达多通道观测的结构优势,根据不同通道回波间相位差异,通过估计差异信号相位系数获得目标运动状态。在此基础上,分析了算法推导过程中因函数近似引起的误差,同时对算法的分辨能力给出定量评估。最后,通过仿真验证了分析推导的正确性。     

MIMO雷达信号的盲源分离技术

针对MIMO雷达的信号特点,采用了一种多角度的雷达侦察方法,从不同的方位获取同一部雷达的独立信号样本。并在此基础上,运用主分量分析方法估计信号波形个数,运用独立分量分析的盲源分离方法分离出MIMO雷达信号的各个正交分量,最终以正交频分线性调频信号为例,在信噪比为0 dB的情况下对该信号进行了仿真分析,其结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Verification procedure for radar quadrature processing unit with stepwise frequency modulation of the probing signal

The paper presents a verification procedure developed for the quadrature processing unit of radar with stepwise frequency modulation of the probing signal. The computer simulation and experiments on verifying the developed and manufactured quadrature processing unit were performed for the cases of placing a single stationary point object at distances 9 and 24 meters. The effect of inaccuracy in setting the phase shift between the reference oscillations of quadrature mixer on the waveform of spatial reflectogram was investigated by using the developed verification procedure; and it was shown that phase shift errors could lead to the generation of false responses.