锂磷酸盐微晶玻璃固体电解质材料研究进展

锂磷酸盐微晶玻璃固体电解质具有合成简单,电化学稳定性高等优点,已经对其进行了大量的研究工作。结合近几年的研究,分别综述了三元、四元和五元3种不同系统的锂磷酸盐微晶玻璃固体电解质所具有的最大电导率。并描述了Nasicon结构的快离子导体和交流阻抗谱在计算电导率上的应用。锂磷酸盐微晶玻璃固体电解质在全固态锂离子电池中将会有更广泛的应用。     

铝蒙脱石快离子导体及其应用

用离子交换法制备了铝蒙脱石快离子导体。对其交、直流电性能进行了测量,结果表明铝蒙脱石快离子导体在室温下具有较高的交流电导率和较低的离子迁移活化能。把铝蒙脱石快离子导体应用到固态电池上,电池性能显示出铝固态电池可作为微功率化学电源,具有潜在的应用开发前景。     

快离子导体陶瓷的制备与应用

综述了快离子导体陶瓷的制备方法及应用领域。快离子导体有特殊的电子结构 ,从而使其具有优异的导电性能 ,且它们对环境无污染 ,因此在多方面得到应用 ,涉及电动车辆、燃料电池、电致变色材料、高温传感器材料、气敏传感器材料、电显色器及离子选择电极等领域。介绍了快离子导体的制备方法 ,如高温固相烧结法、水热法、溶胶—凝胶法、化学气相沉积法、射频溅射沉积法和激光熔融法等。最后对快离子导体的发展前景做出展望     

快离子导体材料的特性及其应用

快离子导体(Fast Ionic Conductor)又称固体电解质,是近十多年来发展起来的一类新型无机材料。它直接涉及到能源问题,在化学能源、电化学传感器、电解等方面均有广泛的应用,已愈来愈受到人们的重视。近年来人们不仅注意到晶体快离子导体材料,而且也已开始对非晶体快离子导体材料进行研究,本文主要就无机快离子导体材     

非均相玻璃态快离子导体导电模型

基于改进的有效介质理论和玻璃态快离子导体中第二相的形成过程,建立了非均相玻璃态快离子导体的导电模型。该导电模型可解释非均相玻璃态快离子导体的显微结构对其电导性质的影响,较好地预言了非均相玻璃态快离子导体的导电行为。     

水基锌离子电池钒基正极材料研究进展

锂离子电池现已得到广泛应用，但锂和钴资源的储量以及价格限制了锂离子电池的进一步发展。水系锌离子电池因其具有原材料储量丰富、价格低廉、环保等优点受到越来越多的关注，但正极材料稀少限制了其实际应用。而具有分层、三维开孔或快速离子导体结构的钒基材料是锌离子电池最有前景的正极材料。详细介绍了钒的氧化物、钒酸盐、磷酸钒盐、硫化钒以及其钒基材料在锌离子电池领域的应用，并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

二(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺锂的应用与制备

介绍了一种重要的有机氟化物——二（三氟甲基磺酰）亚胺锂的特性及其制法;叙述了它在有机合成和有机离子导体方面的应用：对近期国外报道的制备方法进行了工业生产的可行性分析。     

全国第一届快离子导体学术讨论会在黄山举行

全国第一届快离子导体学术讨论会,于一九八○年十月六日至十日在安徽省黄山举行。快离子导体又称超离子导体或固体电介质。它是以固体中的离子快速传导为特征的一类新型非金属材料。快离子导体可望在能源、冶金、电子器件、环境保护等方面获得     

多晶快离子导体的晶界性质对其电导的影响

建立了理想的多晶快离子导体的显微结构模型,根据模型推导出了简单的多晶离子导体的电阻率与晶界密度和晶界电导性的关系式。由该模型出,通过对其等效交流阻抗电路的简化和交流阻抗的计算,说明了多晶快离子导体材料的复平面交流阻抗谱形状随测试温度的变化和晶界性质对这种变化的影响。     

快离子导体隔膜的制备及在Cu-Zn可逆电池中的应用

具有NASICON结构的锂离子快离子导体Li_1.3Al_0.3Ti_1.7(PO_4)_3可以通过压片烧结制备成快离子导体隔膜。以NH_4H_2PO_4、Li_2CO_3、TiO_2和Al_2O_3为原料,用固相法在900℃烧5h合成Li_1.3Al_0.3Ti_1.7(PO_4)_3粉末,将其制备成锂离子快离子导体隔膜。研究了压力、烧结温度和厚度对Li_1.3Al_0.3Ti_1.7(PO_4)_3快离子导体隔膜离子电导率的影响,并采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和交流阻抗技术对材料粉末以及烧结片相组成、结构和离子导电性进行表征和测试分析。隔膜的最优制备条件为压力10.0MPa,烧结温度900℃,厚度0.500mm。将快离子导体隔膜用于Cu-Zn电池模型中,将正负电解液分开,使Li~+能够自由地穿过,而其他离子不能通过,从而组装了可进行反复充放电的铜锌模型电池。通过循环伏安测试证实Cu-Zn电池的可逆性,所得可充电Cu-Zn模型电池的电压范围为0.800~1.50V,进行100次循环后充电容量保持初始充电容量99%以上,具有长期循环稳定性。     

Frequency dependent conductivity of superionic conductors

A study is presented of the frequency dependent conductivity of superionic conductors and compared to experimental results on α-Agl. This analysis yields new insights in the dynamics of the ionic motion in these systems. In particular one can understand what features of the response are due to single particle motion, what is the role played by the iodine lattice and how diffusion is affected by correlation between diffusing cations.     

玻璃态硫化物快锂离子导体研究进展

无机固体电解质又称快离子导体,具有高的离子电导率、低的电子电导率和较小的活化能,还具有机械强度高,承受温度范围宽,化学稳定性好,作为电解质的锂离子电池具有超长的储存寿命等优点,受到人们的重视。其中,玻璃态硫化物快锂离子导体具有高达10^-3s／cm的室温离子电导率而备受青睐。综述了玻璃态硫化物快锂离子导体的研究进展,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

Composition effects on ion transport in a polyelectrolyte gel with the addition of ion dissociators

The polymerization of lithium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid with N,N′-dimethylacrylamide has yielded polyelectrolyte gels which have the favourable property of being single ion conductors. The use of single ion conductors ensures that the transport number of lithium is close to unity. The mobility of the lithium ion is still quite low in these systems, resulting in low ionic conductivity. To increase ionic conductivity more charge carriers can be added however competing effects arise between increasing the number of charge carriers and decreasing the mobility of these charge carriers. In this paper the monomer ratio of the copolymer polyelectrolyte is varied to investigate the effect increasing the number of charge carriers has on the ionic conductivity and lithium ion and solvent diffusivity using pfg-NMR. Ion dissociators such as TiO₂ nano-particles and a zwitterionic compound based on 1-butylimidazolium-3-(N-butanesulfonate) have been added in an attempt to further increase the ionic conductivity of the system. It was found that the system with the highest ionic conductivity had the lowest solvent mobility in the presence of zwitterion. Without zwitterion the mobility of the solvent appears to determine the maximum ionic conductivity achievable.     

锂快离子导体无机纳米粉的合成及其应用

综述了快离子导体无机纳米粉的进展 ,介绍了合成方法　抑制团聚措施及应用前景     

增塑型锂离子电池聚合物电解质

从组成聚合物电解质的聚合物基材和电解液两方面进行分析,介绍了最近几年凝胶型、微孔型和复合型聚合物电解质的研究现状,比较了它们的制备方法、性能和特点,探讨了锂盐、增塑剂、离子液体和单离子导体等对聚合物电解质性能的影响,并简要评述了聚合物锂离子电池未来发展的前景趋势。     

Novel Fast Lithium Ion Conduction in Garnet-Type Li5La3M2O12 (M = Nb, Ta)

Lithium metal oxides with the nominal composition Li₅La₃M₂O₁₂ (M = Nb, Ta), possessing a garnetlike structure, have been investigated with regard to their electrical properties. These compounds form a new class of solid-state lithium ion conductors with a different crystal structure compared with all those known so far. The materials are prepared by solid-state reaction and characterized by powder XRD and ac impedance to determine their lithium ionic conductivity. Both the niobium and tantalum members exhibit the same order of magnitude of bulk conductivity (∼10⁻⁶ S/cm at 25°C). The activation energies for ionic conductivity (<300°C) are 0.43 and 0.56 eV for Li₅La₃Nb₂O₁₂ and Li₅La₃Ta₂O₁₂, respectively, which are comparable to those of other solid lithium conductors, such as Lisicon, Li₁₄ZnGe₄O₁₆. Among the investigated materials, the tantalum compound Li₅La₃Ta₂O₁₂ is stable against reaction with molten lithium. Further tailoring of the compositions by appropriate chemical substitutions and improved synthesizing methods, especially with regard to minimizing grain-boundary resistance, are important issues in view of the potential use of the new class of compounds as electrolytes in practical lithium ion batteries.     

Impedance spectroscopy modeling of lithium borate with silica: A dispersed ionic conductor system

Lithium borate/silica composites, 40 wt% SiO₂ with x·Li₂O+(1-x)·B₂O₃, x=0.33, 0.50, were explored with the goal of achieving Li-ion conductivity enhancements across batches with different compositions and processing steps. Two batches were made for each composition, namely micron and nanoscale batches, which differ in their processing and fabrication methods. Phase and microstructural characterization showed a composite which is consisted of a conductor-rich and an insulator-rich region. Previous dispersed ionic conductors, in which conductivity is enhanced by the insulator/conductor interaction, were modeled mostly by percolation models. However, these percolation models are not compatible with conventional impedance spectroscopy circuit models and complex non-linear regression analysis. Hence, new circuit models were created based upon a brick-layer construction that assumed dispersed ionic conductor phenomena to be present. The new circuit models, which are named the theoretical model (TM) and approximation model (AM), uniquely and accurately fitted the impedance spectroscopy data and correctly showed lower resistance and activation energy values for the interfacial conduction pathways. Meanwhile, a typical circuit model which has two parallel RC circuits (2P) showed an anomalous high-frequency M” tail in some samples which does not correspond to the expectations of a realistic and physical modulus data. The combined activation energy and interface activation energy from the new models were compared to literature values of lithium borate conductors and Li-ion dispersed ionic conductors. The comparison results suggested that conductivity of the lithium borate/silica composites can be further enhanced through compositional, microstructural, and phase control.     

Electrochemical properties of lithium ionic conductors of the type: LiJ · xC9H15NO3 · CH3J

A series of lithium ionic conductors of the type: LiJ · xC₉H₁₅NO₃ · CH₃J (N-methylammonium iodide of 2,6,10-tri-oxa-13-azatricyclo[7,3,1,0^5,13]tridecane) was investigated. The ionic conductivity of these compounds is higher than that of pure lithium iodide and comparable to that of doped lithium iodide or lithium iodide alumina mixtures. This effect is obviously due to a softening of the substances at elevated temperatures. The electrochemicl properties were checked by cyclic voltammograms at elevated temperatures. Cells of the type Li/electrolyte/AgJ (mixt) and Le/electrolyte/J₂ were discharged and voltammograms of the AgJ (mixt) electrode were recorded.     

离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水中锂分离的研究进展

近年来,锂电行业的迅猛发展,使锂资源,特别是卤水锂资源的开发利用受到了广泛关注。离子液体作为一种新型的绿色介质为优化升级传统溶剂萃取法卤水提锂带来了新机遇。本文首先简要回顾了离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水提锂的发展历程,重点阐述了离子液体萃取分离锂的行为与性能,详细讨论了萃取机理,并简单介绍了其他基于离子液体的锂分离技术。在此基础上进一步分析了离子液体基萃取体系存在的问题, 提出深入开展离子液体基萃取体系用于盐湖锂分离的机理研究并开发新型离子液体萃取剂及萃取体系,建立和优化新型萃取工艺是未来的主要发展方向。本文期望为盐湖锂资源的绿色、高效开发提供借鉴与参考。