冬瓜绿豆乳饮料的研制

探讨以冬瓜、绿豆和鲜乳为主要原料制成冬瓜绿豆乳饮料的加工工艺。通过感官评定和正交试验确定其最佳配方,冬瓜30%,绿豆35%,鲜乳35%,白糖8%,柠檬酸0.080%。复配稳定剂为CMC—Na0.08%,琼脂0.04%,黄原胶0.04%。     

红豆乳饮料的研制

探讨以红豆和牛乳为主要原料制成的红豆乳饮料的加工工艺。通过感官评定和正交试验确定其最佳配方,其中水46.6%,牛乳35%,红豆15%,白砂糖3%,乳化剂0.2%,结冷胶0.12%,香精0.08%。     

超声辅助提取红豆多糖及其生物活性研究

以超声波辅助水提取红豆多糖为原料,采用响应面法对提取工艺进行优化,并评价其抗氧化性及抑菌活性。响应面分析结果表明,红豆多糖的最佳提取工艺为:料液比(m红豆∶V水)1∶26(g/mL),超声温度51℃,超声时间94 min,此条件下多糖提取率为(9.92±0.04)%,与模型预测值基本一致。红豆多糖具有较强的总还原能力和清除·OH、ABTS+·能力,且清除能力与浓度呈量效关系。此外,红豆多糖对4种供试菌均有抑菌活性,且对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌活性最强。     

掺伪鲜乳及伪劣乳制品的鉴别

目前市售鲜乳及乳制品质量,已成为广大消费者十分关心的问题.质量问题之一,是鲜乳的掺伪,据多省市食品卫生部门检验,牛乳掺水率为100%,一般出售的牛乳比重都达不到1.028～1.031.由于鲜乳掺水后比重不容易被察觉,于     

紫胡萝卜番茄复合果蔬汁饮料的研制

以新鲜紫胡萝卜和番茄为原料,研制紫胡萝卜番茄复合果蔬汁饮料,并对紫胡萝卜浆、番茄浆和糖酸的用量、稳定剂种类和添加剂用量进行优化。结果表明:产品最佳配方为总果浆含量30%,紫胡萝卜浆:番茄浆的体积比为2∶1,白砂糖添加量为10%,柠檬酸添加量为0.1%;稳定剂最优组合为黄原胶添加量为0.06%,羧甲基纤维素钠添加量为0.15%,果胶添加量为0.04%。所得产品具有紫胡萝卜和番茄所特有的香气,口感细腻,组织状态良好。     

低糖番茄枸杞复合果酱的研制

选取番茄和枸杞为原料,研制一种低糖番茄枸杞复合果酱配方,以感官评分为指标,通过单因素试验和正交优化。结果表明:低糖番茄枸杞复合果酱的最优配方为番茄与枸杞配比8∶2(w/w),蔗糖添加量20%,甜菊糖添加量0.003 5%,柠檬酸添加量0.6%,海藻酸钠添加量0.04%。在此优化配方条件下果酱感官评分最高为85.2分,果酱色泽深红鲜亮,酸甜适口,口感细腻,风味浓郁,风味最优。     

红豆牛奶的研制

以红豆和牛奶为主要原料制作红豆牛奶,利用感官评定作为评价方法,对牛奶、红豆粉、白砂糖和稳定剂的用量对感官品质的影响进行了研究.结果表明,产品的最佳配比为:80.0%牛奶、0.8%红豆粉、5.0%白砂糖和0.2%复配稳定剂(单硬脂酸甘油酯为40.0%、改性磷脂16.0%、黄原胶11.0%、结冷胶33.0%),14.0%水...     

胡萝卜番茄复合酱加工工艺优化及营养成分研究

番茄是我国重要的果蔬加工产品和出口农产品。目前我国有90%以上的番茄被用于出口,且我国已经成为全球较大的番茄制品出口国,每年的出口总额已超过10亿美元。市场上的大多数番茄酱均为原味番茄酱,风味单一。该研究基于此,通过单因素试验和正交试验,对胡萝卜番茄酱的加工工艺进行研究。研究结果表明,胡萝卜番茄复合酱的最佳加工工艺为白砂糖添加量10%、食盐添加量0.5%、柠檬酸添加量0.04%、番茄与胡萝卜的比例6∶4。     

发酵型大米活性乳酸菌饮料的研制

以大米和鲜乳为主要原料生产出一种大米活性乳酸菌饮料,确定其工艺流程为;先将大米淀粉用双酶法进行酶解,酶解液煮沸后再使其与灭菌的鲜乳混合,经接种乳酸菌发酵制成大米酸乳,再与其他物料调配即可.最佳配方为;50%大米酸孔,7%蔗糖,0.4%复合稳定剂,0.15%乳化剂,0.06%柠檬酸.     

一种新型乳饮料的制作工艺

以大米和鲜乳为主要原料生产出一种大米活性乳酸菌饮料,其工艺流程为：先将大米淀粉用双酶法进行酶解,酶解液煮沸后再使其与灭菌的鲜乳混合,经接种乳酸菌发酵制成大米酸乳,再与其他物料调配即可.最佳配方为：50%大米酸乳、7%蔗糖、0.4%复合稳定剂、0.15%乳化剂、0.06%柠檬酸。     

基于高温流化技术改良红小豆的蒸煮品质

以红小豆为原料,采用高温流化技术（流化温度215 ℃、流化处理时间55 s、进料速率62 kg/h）对其进行处理,通过分析红小豆籽粒结构、淀粉结构、糊化特性以及水分吸收、迁移和分布情况,探究高温流化技术改良红小豆蒸煮品质的机理。结果表明,红小豆经过高温流化处理后,籽粒致密结构变得疏松、子叶相邻细胞间毛细孔直径增大、部分淀粉颗粒结构破损。在98 ℃近沸水中蒸煮时,原料红小豆蒸煮60 min时的糊化度与高温流化红小豆蒸煮30 min时的糊化度相当;经过高温流化处理之后,红小豆的糊化黏度更低,回生趋势更小;蒸煮60 min时,高温流化红小豆吸水率为90.06%,比原料红小豆提高34.84%,吸水性能明显改善;高温流化红小豆颗粒内部的水分迁移速率明显加快且分布更均匀;高温流化红小豆煮饭的感官评分更高。综上,高温流化改良红小豆蒸煮品质的途径主要是通过拓宽籽粒水分进入的通道、破坏吸水屏障来提高吸水性能,从而使淀粉吸水更充分、糊化更彻底,同时也改善了其煮饭的口感风味。     

Trypsin Inhibitor from 3 Legume Seeds: Fractionation and Proteolytic Inhibition Study

ABSTRACT: The trypsin inhibitor from navy beans (Phaseoulus vulgaris), red kidney beans (Phaseoulus vulgaris L.), and adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) provided by the Royal Project Foundation in Thailand was isolated by heat and ammonium sulfate (AS) precipitation. Incubation at 70 °C for 10 min produced the highest trypsin inhibitor recovery for all legumes. The AS precipitation with 60% to 80% saturation (precipitate IV) resulted in 41-, 88-, and 34-fold of the purity and (−)26%, 126%, and (−)47% of percentage of activity increase for navy beans, red kidney beans, and adzuki beans, respectively. The trypsin inhibitors had a molecular weight of 132 kDa for navy beans, 118 kDa for red kidney beans, and 13 kDa for adzuki beans under nonreducing conditions. The obtained precipitate IV fraction from each legume effectively prevented the degradation of the tilapia muscle with concentration dependent. The myosin heavy chain increased as the concentration of the inhibitor fraction increased, especially at the highest level of addition. The result indicated that the precipitate IV from these legumes have potential for use as a protease inhibitor in fishery related products.     

赤豆辐照保藏研究

辐照处理日期的早晚对赤豆防虫保鲜的效果有明显影响。收获后当年11月份辐照的赤豆,只需0.5万拉德就可以安全地贮藏一年而不出虫。在同样的剂量下,剂量率高的杀虫效果要优于剂量率低的。在50万拉德内,辐照对赤豆营养成分的影响可以忽略。辐照赤豆贮藏一年后品质仍然良好。感官评定和色谱—质谱分析表明,辐照赤豆与未辐照赤豆之间的差别是不显著的。     

黑龙江省主栽红小豆蛋白质营养价值评价

红小豆具有较高营养价值,是一种重要的植物蛋白来源。本研究以黑龙江主栽红小豆品种品鉴红、农安红、状元红、宝清红、农垦红2号为研究对象,采用比值系数法、必需氨基酸指数等方法对其进行蛋白质营养价值评价。试验结果表明：红小豆蛋白质的等电点在pH 4.2~4.4左右;品鉴红、农安红、农垦红2号的蛋白质含量较高,分别为24.36%±0.02%、23.61%±0.07%、23.66%±0.04%,并且与另外两种红小豆差异显著。品鉴红、农安红、农垦红2号的氨基酸评分（AAS）分别为66、76、51,氨基酸比值系数（SRCAA）分别为71.50、75.44、70.08,必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）分别为0.76、1.12、0.84,生物价（BV）分别为70.90、109.90、79.40,营养指数（NI）分别为18.46、26.39、19.77。三种红小豆中农安红红小豆蛋白质的氨基酸组成与标准蛋白模式更接近,并且具有较高营养价值和利用度。     

Effect of Storage Time and Conditions on the Hardness and Cooking Quality of Adzuki (Vigna angularis)

A storage trial of two varieties of adzuki (Vigna angularis), Bloodwood and Erimo, produced in Australia, was conducted to determine the effect of various combinations of temperature, humidity and length of storage on bean quality. The beans were stored for up to 6 mo under the following conditions: temperature (10, 20 and 30 °C), relative humidity (RH) (40 and 65%). Storage of adzuki at elevated temperature (30 °C) and low relative humidity (40%) resulted in the greatest loss of bean moisture, increase in hydration times and decrease in bean cooking quality, i.e. increased hardness of cooked beans. The best storage conditions for the preservation of adzuki quality were 10 °C and 65% RH.     

真空浸渍技术在红小豆加工中的应用研究

研究了以优质红小豆为原料，采用真空浸渍技术，既缩短了红小豆的加工时间，节约了能耗，又保全了原料特有的色、香、味，经实验确定了最佳工艺及操作条件，为红小豆的深加工开拓了一条新途径。     

高温流化改良红小豆蒸煮品质及其机理研究

为解决红小豆质地坚硬、蒸煮品质差、煮饭前需长时间浸泡的问题,采用高温流化技术对红小豆进行蒸煮品质改良,以满足其与白米煮饭时同煮同熟的需要。研究了补水量、流化温度、进料速度对红小豆吸水性能以及蒸煮硬度的影响,然后通过正交实验得到最佳工艺条件为:补水量10∶2、流化温度215℃、进料速度62 kg/h。经最佳工艺条件处理的红小豆吸水指数为194.03%、硬度为1 448.08 g,其蒸煮硬度与白米蒸煮硬度相近,达到了与白米煮饭同煮同熟的要求。通过SEM、XRD、DSC、RVA表征处理前后红小豆微观结构、热力学特性和糊化特性,发现高温流化的红小豆细胞间微孔直径增加、细胞壁破损、淀粉结晶度下降、淀粉热力学特性和糊化行为改变,这些变化可能是高温流化改良红小豆蒸煮品质的内在机理。     

Inhibitory Effects of Phenolics and Saponins From Commonly Consumed Food Legumes in China Against Digestive Enzymes Pancreatic Lipase and α-Glycosidase

Total phenolic and saponin components were extracted from 13 commonly consumed food legumes produced in China, and then a systematic comparative study was conducted to investigate their inhibitory effects against digestive enzymes, pancreatic lipase, and α-glycosidase, respectively. Saponin extract (1 mg/mL) from black bean exhibited the highest (41.8%) pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect, followed by phenolic extract from adzuki bean with 36.3%, saponin extract from yellow soybean with 34.1%, saponin extract from pinto bean with 32.6%. It is worth mentioning that both phenolic and saponin extracts from the mung bean, adzuki bean, lima bean, and pinto bean exhibited inhibitory effects against pancreatic lipase. Among four beans, the adzuki bean had the highest inhibitory effects against pancreatic lipase activity. In the α-glycosidase assays, phenolic extracts exhibited stronger α-glycosidase inhibitory activity than that of saponins in general. Phenolic extracts of the adzuki bean, black bean, fava bean, lentil, rock bean, and red kidney bean inhibited over 80% of α-glycosidase activity at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. Both phenolic and saponin extracts from the adzuki bean and rock bean exhibited inhibitory effects against α-glycosidase. The results indicate that adzuki bean is one of the best target beans for further study on their anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects via cell and animal models.