从废四氢呋喃制备环丙基甲酸

在格氏反应生产过程中，会产生大量的回收四氢呋喃，因含水量高不能再用。该四氢呋喃通过用氯化氢气体开环（以无水氯化锌作催化剂）得到4－氯丁醇－1，经浓硝酸氧化得到4－Chlorobutyric acid，与sec-butanol缩合得到sec-Butyl-4-chlorobutyric，该酯在强碱条件下用CH2Cl2作溶剂环合得到sec-Butylcyclopanecarboxxylate，该酯在甲醇溶液中碱性水解得到环丙基甲酸，总收率49％（以THF计）。     

2，4-二氯-5-氟苯甲酸及2，4-二氯-5-氟苯甲酰乙酸乙酯的全合成

以苯胺为原料，先重氮化合成氟苯，然后硝化得到2，4-二硝基氟苯，取代得到2，4-二氯氟苯，再通过傅-克反应得到2，4-二氯-5-氟苯乙酮，对2，4-二氯-5-氟苯乙酮深加工，分别得到2，4-二氯-5-氟苯甲酸和2，4-二氯-5-氟苯甲酰乙酸乙酯。     

海洋试油期间计量工作浅析

目前，我公司的海上作业发展日新月异、一日千里，一些新工艺、新方法得到全面有效的应用，使我们的工作得到长足的进步，业务水平也得到很大的提高，但在许多方面也存在着一些问题，影响了我们工作的顺利开展。     

歧化法合成羟基乙酸及其分离纯化技术研究简

本文以Ca（OH）2为歧化催化剂，催化乙二醛分子内歧化反应得到羟基乙酸钙，经硫酸酸化得到羟基乙酸粗品。羟基乙睃粗品经金属阳离子、阴离子精脱除和多回路循环洗涤分离纯化，得到高纯羟基乙酸溶液，再经浓缩结晶得到高纯晶态羟基乙酸。     

6-羧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯的合成

在甲基磺酸溶剂中，间苯二酚和偏苯三甲酸酐反应，得到6-和5-羧基荧光素异构体的混合物，反应产物与特戊酰氯，二异丙胺反应，分离得到带有二特戊酰基保护的6-羧基荧光素二异丙胺盐，水解后酯化，得到6-羧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯。     

钧瓷的欣赏

钧瓷欣赏是一种艺术活动。通过对钧瓷艺术的欣赏过程，使欣赏者从中得到美的享受领略美的奥妙。从中感情出一些道理，使身心得到休息，使情操得到陶冶，同时，钧瓷欣赏与收藏也是艺术品投资的一个重要市场。     

双烯交联剂1,4-二(4''''-乙烯苯氧基)丁烷的新合成方法

以对羟基苯乙酮为原料，经与1，4-二溴丁烷醚化，得到1，4-（4＇-乙酰苯氧基）丁烷，将其羰基还原得到中间体1，4-二（4’-羟乙基苯氧基）丁烷，脱水成烯就得到双烯交联剂1，4-二（4’-乙烯苯氧基）丁烷；用此方法合成的标题化合物作交联剂与苯乙烯聚合，可得到具有特殊溶胀性能的聚苯乙烯树脂。     

一种水处理药剂的制备方法--季红军. CN104986838A

本发明公开了一种水处理药剂的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：首先，在浓硝酸中加入钛酸丁酯，搅拌至呈现透明澄清状，加入少量水，得到溶液A；其次，溶液A中加入九水硝酸铁和四水合硝酸钙，搅拌得到溶液B；然后，将溶液B转移至恒温水浴中，缓慢加入绿矾，通入空气或氧气，搅拌得到溶液C；最后，将溶液C冷却至室温，加入氢氧化钠溶液，调节pH至弱酸性，溶液C过滤得到滤渣，经干燥得到含二氧化钛、氧化钙、硫酸铁复合金属氧化物的改性聚合硫酸铁。本发明采用化学方法制备了水处理药剂--改性聚合硫酸铁，具有絮凝效果好、沉降快、降低COD等功能。     

褪黑激素(Melatonin)合成的研究

以吲哚为起始原料，经4步反应合成了褪黑激素(MLT)，吲哚I在甲醇中羟基化得到5-羟基吲哚(Ⅱ)(7l％)，Ⅱ与2-氯乙胺在乙酸乙酯中进行胺乙基化反应得到5-羟基色胺(Ⅲ)(73％)，Ⅲ与硫酸二甲酯在甲苯中对羟基进行醚化，得到5-甲氧基色胺(Ⅳ)(78％)，Ⅳ经乙酰化得到产物MLT，收率80％。     

影响甲醇合成气体单程转化率的因素

我公司甲醇合成系统在更换催化剂后，通过技术改造，使甲醇合成入塔气量达到了300000m^3／h以上，生产能力大幅度提高，运行状况得到明显改善。由于催化剂的初期活性较好，通过优化各项控制指标，甲醇合成气体的单程转化率得到提高，合成气体的总利用率得到提高。[第一段]     

Structural,mechanical, and gas barrier properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanohybrid using nanotalc

Amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/nanotalc nanohybrids have been prepared through solution casting route. The fine dispersion of nanotalc clay in the polymer matrix has been examined through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The intercalation and interaction of nanoclay have further been confirmed using X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet, and Fourier transform infrared techniques. The thermal stability has been tested via thermogravimetric analysis and nanohybrids have been found thermally stable. The glass-transition temperature has been further confirmed through DTA and differential scanning calorimetry analysis which has been increased in the presence of nanotalc arising from greater interaction. The nanohybrids have been tested for their mechanical performances and have been found to have improved mechanical responses for nanotalc-filled nanohybrids. The modulus has been increased whereas toughness has been compromised meagerly. The modulus values have been theoretically predicted using various micromechanical models. The microhardness of the nanohybrids has been examined through Vicker hardness test. The theoretical prediction of the hardness values has been done using different micromechanical models. The structural development upon uniaxial stretching of the samples has been studied using small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle ray diffraction. The stretched samples have found to have short-range ordering as well as increased blob size and better coherency in the presence of nanotalc. The aspect ratio has been increased upon stretching. The inclusion of nanotalc has induced high barrier for gas permeation as compared to pure PET. The oxygen transmission rate has been found to decrease up to 64% for 8 wt % of filler concentration. The prediction of the permeability data has been done using different models considering different aspect ratios. The permeability values have been predicted very closely and nanohybrids have been found suitable for practical applications such as packaging. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137, 48607.     

油田含油污水过滤器滤料原位清洗再生

通过分析发现滤料污染物主要成分为原油、硫化物等。针对污染物成分研制了有效的滤料再生剂,很好地解决了致密的混合污染物层难以清除的问题。研制了加药装置,确定了滤料原位再生工艺,现场应用取得了良好的效果。     

乙烯产品中微量CO、CO2测定的探讨

本文将乙烯产品中微量的CO、CO2测定方法中的预切条件进行了改正，即将双柱预切改为单柱预切，并对色谱操作条件进行了优化。改正后的方法操作简单、基线稳定、无阀切换信号的干扰，且准确性高、重复性好，在工业分析上有很大的应用价值。     

Retarding behaviour of organic solvents in permanganate-sulphite-initiated polymerization of acrylamide

Redox polymerization of acrylamide initiated by a new redox couple, potassium permanganate-sodium sulphite, has been studied under atmospheric oxygen at 35 ± 0.2° C. The rate of polymerization has been found to vary with the half power of the redox components and the first power of the monomer concentration. The energy of activation has been calculated to be 8.29 kcal/(deg. mol.). The effect of various additives such as neutral salts and surface-active agents has been studied qualitatively. The retarding effect of organic solvents on the rate of polymerization has also been studied both qualitatively and quantitatively. An interpretation of the observed results has been proposed.     

Transition of Cs3C60 crystals with Rb impurity to the superconducting state

The statistical theory of phase transition in fullerides of alkali metals to the superconducting state has been elaborated. The calculation of the free energy of crystals has been performed on the basis of molecular-kinetics and the equilibrium equations have been examined. The critical temperature of superconductivity has been estimated, and its concentration dependence has been ascertained. The calculation results have been compared with experimental data. The numerical estimation for energetic parameters of pairing of Cooper pairs electrons has been performed.     

深层、低渗透油藏开发中后期配套技术研究及应用

深层、低渗透油藏由于其埋藏深、物性差,开发效果较差,特别是中后期随着地层能量的亏空严重,开发效果会进一步变差。本文应用层序地层学理论与方法,建立沉积微相的空间展布特征,预测砂体分布,应用数值模拟技术对剩余油的分布进行研究,选取实验井组进行试注的方法对夏70块深层低渗油藏的注水可行性进行论证,实施注水水质改性、严格的油层保护等手段,取得了较好的开发效果和显著经济效益,实现深层低渗油田开发的良性循环。     

中国式芳香疗法的理论研究

提出了中国式芳香疗法的概念,讨论了其形成发展的过程,综述了传统芳香药物的特点及应用方式,指出中国式芳香疗法以中国式芳香药物为载体,具有独特的理论体系、成分、应用方式、组方理念,融合吸收了西式芳香疗法的优点,更适合国人使用,具有研究和开发的前景。     

电力电缆用膨胀型防火涂料的研制

依照电力电缆的特点和膨胀型防火涂料的膨胀防火机理,筛选涂料各组分原料。通过实验, 确定出合理的涂料配方。所生产的涂料经检测,各项理化指标均达到要求,防火性能达到了一级。     

纳米TiO_2与天然紫外吸收剂防晒效用的研究

对具有防晒作用的数十种天然植物 ,进行了提取、复配 ,复配后的产品加入纳米TiO2 ,并在应用上进行了相关的研究与测试。测试结果表明 :天然防晒剂护肤品 ,对 2 80～ 32 0nmB区紫外光透射率≤ 1 5 % ,对 330～40 0nmA区紫外光透射率≤ 16 %。并与国内市场上较流行的JapanUVMILKYUPERSPF 45 ,在同等条件下进行了测试对比 ,结果表明 :本产品在 2 80～ 35 0nm波段 ,对紫外光的透射率为0 2 2 %～ 3 30 % ,UVMILKYUPERSPF 45为 2 2 2 %～3 90 % ;本产品在 36 0～ 40 0nm波段 ,对紫外光的透射率为 5 31%～ 15 78% ,UVMILKYUPERSPF 45为 4 2 3%～ 4 95 %。     

Third-order optical nonlinearity in single-wall carbon nanotubes

The third-order optical nonlinearity in carbon nanotubes (CNT) exposed to an intensive external electromagnetic field has been investigated. The analysis is based on the quantum kinetic equations for the density matrix of π-electrons in CNT. In the regime of weak driving field, the kinetic equations have been solved by the perturbation method and the third-order nonlinear polarizability of different achiral CNTs has been calculated. The theory elaborated has been used for the evaluation of nonlinear susceptibility of CNT-based composites. Comparison with available experimental data has been presented. In the case of high intensive driving field a nonperturbative numerical simulation of the process has been carried out in the time domain. The axial current density in CNT has been calculated. Excitation of π-plasmons in CNTs has been analyzed.