网络环境下纺织信息的检索

主要介绍在网络环境下检索纺织信息的方法、途径和策略，为纺织科研人员快捷高效检索纺织信息提供有益的帮助。     

在Internet上检索中文毛纺信息

中文毛纺信息在Internet上的检索方式和使用方法,主要有利用搜索引擎查找,通过专业的纺织网站进行查找,通过专业数据库网站查找等3种方式,相对于传统检索方式,Internet检索中文毛纺信息省时省力省钱,成本低,效率高。     

如何获取纺织专业信息

为使广大纺织科技工作者及时了解纺织业最新发展动态、掌握高新技术,获取新的知识,文章比较详细地介绍了利用专业检索工具、专业信息站点及各种搜索引擎查找纺织专业信息的途径和方法。     

如何快速查询中文纺织信息

任何决策都建立在准确的信息情报基础之上,如何快速准确地获取所需要的信息,是现当代信息社会所必须具备的重要技能之一。现就如何通过互联网快速获取纺织专业信息进行了探讨,提出了百度搜索+专业门户网站检索相结合的纺织信息获取方法。     

纺织专业文献与信息检索

通过对几种常用中、外文数据库的介绍,阐述了中、外文纺织专业期刊与文献的检索方法,并在调查和统计的基础上对中文纺织专业期刊与文献的分布作了简要的分析。纺织经济信息可通过政府、地方、企业等众多网站和构筑的平台进行系统检索和即时市场研判。     

纺织专业文献与信息检索

通过对几种常用中、外文数据库的介绍,阐述了中、外文纺织专业期刊与文献的检索方法,并在调查和统计的基础上对中文纺织专业期刊与文献的分布作了简要的分析。纺织经济信息可通过政府、地方、企业等众多网站和构筑的平台进行系统检索和即时市场研判。     

基于专利数据的全球高端纺织产业发展分析

全球纺织制造中心已经从美日欧纺织先进国家转移到中国,目前中国稳居纺织制造核心地位,同时积极向高端化、智能化、绿色化、高附加值方向转型升级。通过检索分析近60年的专利数据,比较相关专利的申请趋势、技术构成、地域分布、研发热点、主要创新主体等信息,研究全球高端纺织的发展历程和趋势,为我国高端纺织产业加强技术创新和知识产权管理提供参考。     

纺织企业仓储管理信息系统的开发

基于对纺织企业仓储管理现状的研究,开发了纺织企业仓储管理信息系统,该系统分为基础设置、台帐管理、查询检索、统计报表、系统管理、帮助六个子系统,主要对库存物资数据库、基础信息代码数据库、台帐数据库等基础信息进行操作,不仅提高了仓储管理的效率和水平,而且有助于加强仓储财务核算,降低了库存资金.     

纺织企业仓储管理信息系统的开发

基于对纺织企业仓储管理现状的研究，开发了纺织企业仓储管理信息系统，该系统分为基础设置、台帐管理、查询检索、统计报表、系统管理、帮助六个子系统，主要对库存物资数据库、基础信息代码数据库、台帐数据库等基础信息进行操作，不仅提高了仓储管理的效率和水平，而且有助于加强仓储财务核算，降低了库存资金。     

我国中文纺织文献数据库的使用

简述了我国中文纺织文献数据库,并就纺织文献的检索方法做了说明。     

国内外大豆加工业生产现状与发展趋势

结合工作与生产实际，在查阅和调研了国内外大豆加工业相关资料和项目之后，对生产现状进行了简要表述，对发展趋势进行了粗浅分析。明确指出：国外大豆加工业的发展趋势是原料生产与产品研发同步进行，努力抢占国内外市场，开发传统品牌产品，加强宣传工作力度，瞄准“三高”产品，增加社会经济效益，组建发挥社会团体作用，推动大豆产业发展。国内发展趋势是注重快餐型大豆食品生产，适应消费人群生活特点，注重大豆蛋白功能性的研发，满足国内市场需要，注重油脂加工业合理布局，扩大相关产业向前发展，以此发挥优势和强项，打造具有中国特色的与世界同步发展的大豆加工产业。     

储藏期与储藏压力对稻谷籽粒压缩特性的影响研究

利用质构仪压缩稻谷籽粒的短轴来测定稻谷籽粒的压缩特性。测定的稻谷储藏在不同的时间与压力下。实验结果表明:当储藏时间为60 d且储藏压力由0 kPa增加到300 kPa,稻谷籽粒的破坏力由81.6 N减小到73.8 N,破坏能由8.10 mJ减小到6.27 mJ,破坏应变由0.139减小到0.117,表观接触弹性模量由171.3 MPa减小到57.7 MPa,最大接触应力由40.8 MPa减小到19.1 MPa。当稻谷储藏压力为77、100、139、200 kPa且储藏时间由0～60 d,稻谷籽粒的破坏力由81.6 N分别减小到79.6、79.1、78.2、77.0 N;破坏能由8.10 mJ分别减小到7.55、7.35、7.08、6.85 mJ;破坏应变由0.139分别减小到0.131、0.128、0.126、0.121;表观接触弹性模量由171.3 MPa分别减小到136.0、121.8、110.6、83.3 MPa;最大接触应力由41.2 MPa分别减小到35.0、32.5、30.3、15.0 MPa。结果表明储藏压力与储藏时间对稻谷籽粒的压缩特性有重要的影响。     

一种基于正态分布规律的服装尺寸确定方法

为解决目前成衣尺码无法优质服务于接近均值的大概率人群的问题,文章直接运用正态分布规律,以相等人数所对应的尺寸为尺码,阐述了一种新的服装尺寸确定方法。首先确定目标人群并对目标人群身体尺寸进行抽样,取得抽样数据;然后根据抽样数据拟合出对应的正态分布及其分布曲线,根据正态分布对目标人群按照相近或相等人数分区;最终根据分区所对应的尺寸来确定服装尺码,从而达到使尺码密度和人群密度相适应、使尺码序列最优化地覆盖目标人群的目的。     

蜜蜡中气泡特征与品质的关系

蜜蜡是半透明-不透明的琥珀,其不透光性是由内部大量的微小气泡对入射光产生的反射和散射作用造成的。通过扫描电子显微镜观察和测量了蜜蜡样品中气泡的大小、分布、单位面积内的数量及面积,得到以下结论:(1)蜜蜡中的气泡与其自身携带的挥发成分有关,气泡呈浑圆状,较均匀分布在琥珀片层状结构中,气泡直径范围大致为100nm~15μm,每平方毫米(mm~2)上气泡数量通常为几百至几千个,而白蜜中可达数百万个;(2)蜜蜡中气泡密集程度与不透明度呈正相关关系,单位面积内气泡所占面积越大,蜜蜡越不透明;(3)蜜蜡质地的细腻程度与气泡大小呈反相关关系,气泡的直径越小,蜜蜡的质地越细腻。本研究对建立蜜蜡质地的定量评价体系有重要参考价值。     

Evolution in the surface modification of textiles: a review

The development of technical textiles allows the introduction of new, interesting and original multi-functionalities in textiles through development of the architecture of fibres, yarns and fabrics, their morphology and surface functionalization without altering their physico-chemical proprieties. This issue of Textile Progress reports different techniques used to impart new functionalities to the surfaces of textiles during the last decade. Following a short, context-setting historical introduction, the preparatory processes which need to be applied to textile matrices to make them clean and ready for functionalization are examined prior to a comprehensive review of techniques and research related to the development of functional textiles ranging from the more-traditional techniques through to more-recent developments. The challenge now is to bring new performance features to bear whilst maintaining environmental sustainability, chemical toxicological acceptability, high performance and cost effectiveness. In this context, the review reports on developments in the use of polymerization, nanotechnologies, plasma treatment, electrospinning, microencapsulation and sol gel techniques to impart novel properties to a textile surface such as water-repellent, flame-retardant and antibacterial properties.     

Fermented and malted millet products in Africa: Expedition from traditional/ethnic foods to industrial value-added products

With the prevalent food insecurity in Africa, there is a growing need to utilize the available crops to develop nutritious, affordable and palatable food for the populace. Millet is critical in this role, relative to its abundance in the continent and good nutritional composition. For ages, fermentation and malting have been traditionally used to transform millet into variety of produce. A paradigm shift has however occurred over the years, giving birth to new commercially available products. This review thus appraises and gives an overview of traditional and modern fermented and malted products. Although, millet has been diversified to several products, its major food uses are still restrained to traditional consumers and largely remains underutilized. Considering the potential embedded in this grain, it is important to explore this crop through the application of appropriate modern fermentation and malting technologies. This will ensure the availability of ready to eat (RTE) and ready to use (RTU) food products and to a large extent address the incessant food security challenges plaguing Africa.     

Application of the Internet of Things in the textile industry

Abstract

The ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) is at times mythologized and its purpose mistaken, and often people can become confused about what it means, does or aims to achieve; moreover, without a financial appraisal of the differences IoT can make to their own enterprise, business leaders may be content to watch and wait rather than to take a lead. This issue of Textile Progress aims to provide a guide to help navigation beyond general statements about IoT and to help those involved with the textile industry to make an informed decision about its potential value to them. The definitions of the Internet of Things (IoT) available in the literature, and those put forth by organizations working on IoT standards development, are reviewed along with its architecture, elements, standards and protocols to help provide an understanding of the concepts and goals of IoT. A broad overview of impediments challenging the progress of IoT, especially in relation to cybersecurity, is provided. This review also compares ongoing work in the application of IoT in the textile industry to that in other manufacturing sectors whilst focussing on the interpretation of IoT technologies and their potential application to the textile industry according to both technological and business perspectives. A specific case study for the spinning industry is conducted to help with evaluation of its IoT solutions and to help to address how other parts of the textile industry might benefit from its application. The case study includes evaluation of IoT solutions in the spinning industry spanning the period between ITMA 2011 to 2019, and takes information from interviews with industry executives to inform future directions of IoT in the spinning industry.     

大米蛋白与米渣蛋白对镉结合能力的对比研究

目的:比较大米蛋白和米渣蛋白对镉的结合能力,探究蛋白对镉的结合机理。方法:通过蛋白对镉的结合试验、镉的脱除试验,比较两种蛋白对镉的结合能力,并用粒径仪、圆二色光谱仪(CD)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱分析仪(XPS)等仪器分析蛋白与镉的结合机理。通过掩蔽蛋白羧基、氧化巯基后再对镉结合的试验,验证蛋白的羧基及巯基对镉结合的重要性。结果:米渣蛋白对镉的最大结合量为12.08 mg/g,被结合的镉120 min后脱除率达到最大,大米蛋白对镉的最大结合量为8.85 mg/g,被结合的镉60 min后脱除率达到最大。掩蔽蛋白羧基后,两种蛋白对镉的结合量较羧基掩蔽前均下降18%;氧化巯基后,大米蛋白和米渣蛋白较巯基被氧化前对镉的结合量分别下降40%和50%。SEM观察出,蛋白结合镉后发生聚集现象。结论:与大米蛋白相比,米渣蛋白对镉的结合能力更强。此外,两种蛋白对镉的结合不仅是简单的物理吸附作用,蛋白中的巯基和羧基对镉的结合也具有重要作用。     

A PNA-array platform for the detection of hidden allergens in foodstuffs

A duplex PCR method was developed to simultaneously detect the presence of hazelnut and peanut in raw materials and commercial products. It was found to be able to specifically detect traces of the investigated products down to 50 pg of their target DNA.A PNA array device has been designed and implemented to be used in combination with the duplex PCR in order to investigate the presence of traces of potentially allergenic nuts in foodstuffs. A PNA probe for each target amplified by the duplex PCR was designed, synthesized and characterized. The PNA probes were then deposited on commercial slides in order to build a PNA array to be used for recognizing the PCR products; the concentration of the probes as function of the concentration of the target DNA, together with the specificity of the probes were investigated.The conditions optimized during the setting of the experiment were used to obtain the final version of the PNA array which was then used to test several commercially available foodstuffs claiming to contain or not to contain the targeted nuts.     

抗运动性疲劳营养补剂的研制

在体育训练和比赛中,运动员不论是在力量、速度、耐力和灵巧等方面都体现了强度大、难度高的特点,精神紧张,体力大量消耗,机体的各个系统都会发生不同的变化和反应,运动时体内激素分泌增加,物质代谢加强,能源物质被大量消耗,酸性代谢产物积聚加快,导致机体内环境发生一系列的变动。特别是在大运动量训练和激烈的比赛中,疲劳是不可避免的。这时机体对营养素的需求量必然发生某些改变。为了适应大运动量和高强度的专业化训练,仅靠平衡膳食是无法满足专业训练所消耗的大量能源物质,必须使用功能性的运动营养补剂来帮助运动员提高耐久力以及恢复体力和运动能力,以帮助运动员承受更大的训练压力和适应更大的额外训练应激,此外,运动营养补剂还可以帮助运动员提高自身内源性物质的合成水平。