三维立体石墨烯/多孔黑色TiO2复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

采用水热还原法制备黑色多孔TiO_2(PBT)。以PBT和氧化石墨烯为原料,经一步水热合成三维立体石墨烯(RGO)/PBT。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、BET以及DRS等对复合材料的物相、颗粒粒径、形貌及比表面积进行了表征,研究了该复合材料在可见光下对罗丹明B(RhB)的光催化降解活性。结果表明,Ti~(3+)的存在大大提高了可见光的吸收;所制备的RGO/PBT复合材料的可见光催化活性均高于PBT;当RGO掺杂量为1%时制备的催化剂具有最高的光催化性能。     

Bi2MoO6/ZnO复合材料的制备及光催化性能

采用两步水热法合成由纳米片组装而成的三维Bi₂MoO₆/ZnO微花,通过调控复合物中Bi₂MoO₆,制备一系列不同摩尔比的Bi₂MoO₆/ZnO微花.研究表明,Bi₂MoO₆/ZnO-10%复合材料在可见光照射20 min后,对罗丹明B(RhB)溶液的光催化降解率达到79.61%,相较于纯ZnO和Bi₂MoO₆,复合材料具有更好的光催化性能.通过紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)和室温荧光光谱(PL)分析推测,由于复合材料的光吸收范围提高和异质结的形成抑制了光生载流子的复合,进而提升了Bi₂MoO₆/ZnO微花光催化性能.     

PMo12/TiO2光催化降解工业DNBP废水的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法和水热合成法制备H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀(PMo₁₂)/TiO₂复合光催化剂并应用于工业废水的降解。利用红外光谱仪(IR),X射线衍射仪(XRD),X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行测定,并在紫外光照射下分析光催化剂对DNBP废水的光催化降解性能。考察了废水的初始pH值、催化剂用量及重复利用率等对DNBP废水降解的影响。结果表明,在光照时间为5 h, pH值为5.10,用量为1.00 g/L的条件下,复合光催化剂较单纯TiO₂催化剂的光催化性能有明显提高,降解率达到98.36%,COD去除率达到53.18%,且POM/TiO₂复合催化剂回收利用3次仍具有较高活性。     

水热法制备碳纳米纤维与二氧化钛复合材料及其光催化性质的研究

通过静电纺丝技术和水热方法的结合,制备碳纳米纤维(CNFs)与二氧化钛(TiO2)复合材料.通过扫描电镜检测,TiO2纳米粒子成功生长在碳纳米纤维的表面.制备的CNFs/TiO2复合材料在紫外光照射下降解罗丹明B,其降解效率高于用同样水热方法制备的单纯的TiO2纳米粒子的光催化效果.复合材料光催化活性被增强主要归因于碳纳米纤维好的导电性,将光生电子及时转移,延长了TiO2电子——空穴对的分离时间.复合材料可以通过沉降被简单的回收再利用,且其光催化活性没有明显降低.     

超声波辅助制备可光催化降解TiO2微胶囊的研究

在以明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材、以纳米TiO2为芯材制备微胶囊的过程中,采用超声波对TiO2进行分散处理,综合考虑所制备胶囊的粒径大小和粒径不匀,研究超声时间、超声功率及超声温度对微胶囊制备效果的影响.研究结果表明:超声处理明显减小了微胶囊颗粒的平均粒径,较佳的超声工艺参数为超声时间20 min,超声功率80 W,超声温度60℃.     

水热法制备聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料的研究

以氧化石墨烯（GO）与苯胺作为前驱物,在高温高压下一步水热反应,合成了聚苯胺/石墨烯（PANI/Gr）复合材料。利用紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜研究了PANI/Gr复合材料的结构和微观形貌,进一步利用电化学工作站探究了PANI/Gr复合材料的电化学性能。研究了水热反应时苯胺与GO的投料质量比对所得复合材料的结构与电化学性能的影响。循环伏安法和恒电流充放电测试结果表明由于聚苯胺与石墨烯的相互作用,复合材料的电容性能比单组分的聚苯胺和石墨烯要高。这说明通过GO与苯胺的一步水热反应成功制备了具有优良电容性能的PANI/Gr复合材料。     

介孔TiO2的水热法合成及其光催化性能研究

用阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CRAB)为模板剂,采用水热法制备了介孔TiO2,探究了不同反应条件对样品光催化活性的影响,并对制得的样品进行了XRD,SEM,TEM,N:吸附-解吸及差热-热重等表征.结果表明,所得样品为窄孔道分布,最可几孔径为4.5 nm,其比表面积为134.4 m2/g.当水热温度为110℃,Ti(SO4):与CTAB的摩尔比为12:1,焙烧温度为400℃时,所制得样品的光催化活性最好.     

静电纺制备TiO2/PVA复合纳米纤维及其光催化性能研究

通过静电纺丝的方法制备一种以二氧化钛(TiO2)为催化剂,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为载体的TiO2/PVA复合纳米纤维光催化材料。使用FE-SEM,XRD,Tg,FTIR对制备的TiO2/PVA复合纳米纤维膜进行了表征,并考察了其紫外光照射下光催化降解罗丹明B(Rh B)的能力。结果表明:制备的TiO2/PVA复合纳米纤维具有较高的光催化活性。     

稀土修饰TiO2光催化降解甲基橙反应机理

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纯的及掺杂不同量Ce的TiO2纳米粒子,利用UV-Vis漫反射光谱及XRD等对所制备样品进行表征,以紫外灯为光源,甲基橙水溶液的脱色为模型反应,研究了CeO2/TiO2的光催化降解反应活性.实验发现:掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子反射光谱特性向可见光方向红移到了500nm;掺杂Ce的TiO2纳米粒子比纯的TiO2纳米粒子对光的吸收率高、吸收能力强;掺杂的Ce4+仅有少量进入TiO2晶格中,而大部分的Ce4+没有进入TiO2晶格中,而是以小团簇的CeO2形态均匀地分散在TiO2纳米粒子中或者是覆盖在其表面上,说明了掺杂Ce能提高TiO2光催化反应活性,且掺杂Ce最佳浓度是2.0mol%.光催化降解反应机理可能有两种途径,一种途径是掺杂离子协同光催化降解甲基橙反应机理,另一种途径是光敏剂与掺杂离子协同光催化降解甲基橙反应机理.     

水热法制备石墨烯的性能分析

采用Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯.以石墨粉为原料,经过强氧化剂的氧化得到氧化石墨,再将其高温膨化得到氧化石墨烯,通过水热法还原氧化石墨烯,得到较理想的石墨烯.分别采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、IR光谱分析的测试方法对氧化石墨、氧化石墨烯和石墨烯的结构、形貌及组成进行了表征分析.结果表明,通过水热法用乙二醇还原氧化石墨烯可得到较理想的石墨烯.     

水热法制备海绵钛负载二氧化钛膜及性能研究

以多孔海绵钛为载体,2 mol/L H2O2为氧化剂,0.15 mol/L KOH为矿化剂,在水热条件下一步合成了颗粒大小约为0.5 μm的四方状锐钛矿海绵钛负载TiO2膜.以XRD、SEM观察海绵钛负载TiO2膜晶型、形貌,以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物研究了其光化性能催化,并探讨了水热时间对产物TiO2膜晶型、形貌及光催化性能的影响.结果表明,12 h为最佳水热时间,海绵钛负载TiO2膜有着最佳的光催化性能:光催化反应60 min,亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率达99%.采用该法制备的TiO2光催化剂回收简单,反复利用后,其光催化性能无明显下降.     

量子尺寸纳米TiO2的水热制备及光催化性能

在钛酸丁酯和乙醇体系下,利用水热法制备了平均粒径为4～10 nm的量子尺寸锐钛矿型纳米二氧化钛粉末,并研究了此粉末的光催化活性和晶粒粒径、荧光发射光谱的关系.结果表明: 制备的纳米二氧化钛粉末在粒径为8～9 nm时光催化活性最好,当晶粒粒径再减小以后,由于表面活性的增加导致晶粒表面羟基的增加,成为电子和空穴的复合中心而使活性降低.同时此粉末的荧光发射光谱中并没有发现荧光峰位随着晶粒粒径变小而发生位移,并且荧光发射光谱峰的强度和光催化活性之间没有成比例的关系.     

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic behavior of WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 catalysts

TiO2/Nb2O5 photocatalyst loaded with WO3 (WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5) was prepared by a modified hydrolysis process, and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra and UV-Vis diffuse refraction spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 was investigated by employing splitting of water for O2 evolution. The results indicate that WO3 loading can pronouncedly improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Nb2O5 by using Fe3 as an electron acceptor under UV irradiation. The optimum molar fraction of the loaded WO3 is 2%, and the largest speed of O2 evolution for 2% WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 catalyst is 151.8 μmol/(L·h).     

掺铁钨酸铋的制备及光催化降解罗丹明B的研究

通过水热法合成掺铁Bi2WO6,并对其进行XRD、SEM及UV-vis DRS的相关表征以分析合成材料的物相、形貌及光吸收性能.同时考察水热合成溶液的pH值、掺铁量、催化剂投加量以及光降解溶液的pH值等因素在可见光的辐射下对罗丹明B光催化降解的影响.实验结果证明,水热合成pH=10、掺铁量为0.5%(摩尔比)、反应体系溶液pH=6.86的条件下,掺铁Bi2WO6对罗丹明B有较好的光催化活性,反应80 min后,降解率可达90%以上.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of （La, N） co-doped TiO2 by TiCl4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis

(La, N) co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized using TiCl4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis (SAS) starting from a plished in the formation of TiO2 nanocrystals. The prepared samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The results indicated that nitrogen and lanthanum were incorporated into the lattice and interstices of titania nanocrystals, which resulted in narrowing the band gap and promoting the separation of photoexcited hole-electron pairs, respectively, and showing expected red-shifts and enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. The mechanism on nitrogen doping and enhancement in photocatalytic activity of (La, N) co-doped titania by SAS was discussed in detail.     

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline Fe-doped TiO2 with size of 60-70 nm was prepared by a sol-gel technique, followed by freeze-drying treatment for 2 h. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, laser diffraction particle size analyzer and OV-Vis spectrophotometer technologies were used to characterize the product. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of wastewater of paper-making. The effects of Fe ion implantation on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were also dis-cussed. The results show that the iron content plays an essential role in affecting the photocatalytic activity of the Fe-doped TiO2 and the optimum content of Fe-doped is 0.05% (mass fraction). The photocatalytic activity of sam-ples with lower content of Fe-doped is higher than that of pure TiO2 in the treatment of paper-making wastewater.The photo-degradation effect of paper-making effluent is the best by means of Fe-doped TiO2 with 0.05 % Fe.     

Ni掺杂MoS2/石墨烯催化剂的制备及其电催化析氢活性

为了制备高效、低成本的析氢反应电催化剂,采用一步水热法制备镍掺杂二硫化钼/石墨烯复合材料(Ni_x-MoS₂/G,x=0.03,0.05,0.10),并用X-射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）和X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）对其进行表征,讨论镍掺杂对复合材料的微观结构和电催化析氢性能的影响. 结果表明,与MoS₂/G催化剂相比,镍掺杂的MoS₂/G催化剂显示了更高的电催化析氢性能,尤其当水热反应体系中的Ni和Mo的摩尔比为1∶20时,制备的Ni_0.05-MoS₂/G显示了最强的电催化析氢性能,其塔菲尔斜率为50.8 mV/dec. 电催化活性的增强主要是由于少量镍的掺杂改变了复合催化剂的形貌,使MoS₂纳米片更好地负载在石墨烯表面,暴露出更多的催化活性位点,同时镍掺杂提高了MoS₂边缘活性位的固有催化活性.     

HA-ZrO2生物复合材料的制备

首先以H3PO4和Ca(OH)2为主要原料利用湿化学方法合成了结晶良好的羟基磷灰石粉体(HA),在该粉体中分别引入15%、20%和25wt%的m-ZrO2粉体,经成型后分别在900℃、1 000℃、1 100℃和1 200℃温度下煅烧1h,详细研究ZrO2含量和烧结温度对该复合材料物相及体积密度的影响规律.结果表明:随着烧成温度的升高,该复合材料的体积密度呈上升趋势,当温度为1 000℃时达到最大值,当温度进一步升高时,体积密度下降.而复合材料中的HA相随温度的升高而不断降低,当温度超过1 000℃时该趋势更加明显.随ZrO2的引入材料体积密度有一定提高,但当ZrO2含量超过20%时,其体积密度有所降低,当ZrO2含量为20%时,杂质含量最低.     

Characteristics and properties of SiO2-Al2O3/EP-PU composite

SiO 2-Al2O3/EP-PU nanocomposites, which contained polyurethane(PU) flexible chain, were prepared via epoxy resin, PU and modified silica and alumina particles. Silica and alumina particles were modified by coupling agents KH-560 and KH550, respectively. EP-PU was used as matrix, PU as toughening agent, Si O2-Al2O3 as filled and MTHPA as curing agent. The mass ratio of PU was 30% in this system. The chemical structure of the products was confirmed by FT-IR measurements, the morphological structure of fracture surface and the surface of the hybrid materials were observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), and shearing strength and breakdown field were measured, respectively. When the mass fraction of inorganic component was 10% and the mass ratio of Si O2 to Al2O3 was 4.5:5.5, shearing strength of Si O2-Al2O3/EP-PU was 28.5 MPa and breakdown field was 15 k V/mm, the data could meet the property requirement of insulating material.     

Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe2O3 composite coatings

Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were electrodeposited using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified Watt’s nickel bath with Fe₂O₃ particles dispersed in it. The effects of the plating parameters on the chemical composition, structural and morphological characteristics of the electrodeposited Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that Fe₂O₃ particles can be codeposited in the Ni-Co matrix. The codeposition of Fe₂O₃ particles with Ni-Co is favoured at high Fe₂O₃ particle concentration and medium stirring, and the deposition of Co is favoured at high concentration of CTAB. Moreover, the study of the textural perfection of the deposits reveals that the presence of particles leads to the worsening of the quality of the observed 〈220〉 preferred orientation. Composites with high concentration of embedded particles exhibit a preferred crystal orientation of 〈111〉. The more the embedded Fe₂O₃ particles in the metallic matrix, the smaller the sizes of the crystallite for the composite deposits.