插层Bi对NiFe/FeMn双层膜交换偏置场的影响及其XPS分析

在Ta／Cu／NiFe／FeMn／Ta薄膜中,我们曾发现Cu在NiFe层的表面偏聚导致NiFe／FeMn薄膜的交换偏置场降低。为了抑制Cu的表面偏聚,我们在Ta／Cu／NiFe／FeMn／Ta薄膜中在Cu／NiFe界面沉积Bi插层。实验发现,沉积适当厚度的Bi插层可以将NiFe／FeMn双层膜的交换偏置场提高1倍。XPS分析表明,在Cu／NiFe界面沉积的插层Bi有效地抑制了Cu在NiFe表面的偏聚,提高了交换偏置场。     

织构和界面粗糙度对NiFe/FeMn双层膜交换偏置场的影响

采用磁控溅射方法制备NiFe/FeMn双层膜（分别以Ta、Cu作为缓冲层,Ta作为保护层）。实验发现,以Ta为缓冲层的NiFe/FeMn双层膜的交换偏置场比以Cu为缓冲层的NiFe/FeMn双层膜的交换偏置场大,而矫顽力却很小。我们从织构、界面粗糙度两方面对其中的原因进行了分析。以Ta为缓冲层的NiFe/FeMn双层膜有好的织构且NiFe/FeMn界面较平滑,这引起了较强的交换偏置场和较低的矫顽力。     

不同缓冲层和保护层对NiFe/PtMn双层膜磁性的影响

制备了以Ta和非磁性NiFeCr作为缓冲层和保护层的NiFe/PtMn双层膜,研究了它们的结构和物性,结果表明:用NiFeCr做缓冲层和保护层的NiFe/PtMn双层膜,其交换偏置场比以Ta为缓冲层和保护层的NiFe/PtMn的交换偏置场有了10%的提高;退火处理以后,以NiFeCr为缓冲层和保护层的样品的磁性层NiFe的磁矩降低要小于以Ta为缓冲层和保护层的样品的磁性层NiFe的磁矩降低.同时,XRD测量计算发现,以NiFeCr为缓冲层生长的NiFe/PtMn样品比Ta为缓冲层生长的NiFe/PtMn样品具有更好的织构,更大的平均晶粒尺寸,因而具有更好的热稳定性.NiFeCr比Ta更适合做基于Mn合金为反铁磁层的缓冲层和保护层.     

基于NiMn的铁磁/反铁磁系统中交换偏置研究进展

NiMn合金薄膜作为一种高性能的反铁磁材料在巨磁电阻器件中具有重要的应用前景,引起了物理学及材料学等领域广大科研工作者的浓厚兴趣。综述了NiMn合金薄膜的基本性质,并对NiMn基铁磁/反铁磁双层膜的交换偏置的基本特征进行了分析。     

Tuning the exchange bias in NiFe/Fe-oxide bilayers by way of different Fe-oxide based mixtures made with an ion-beam deposition technique

We have investigated the structural and magnetic properties of ion-beam deposited polycrystalline NiFe (25 nm)/Fe-oxide (35 nm) bilayers. A film prepared with an assist beam O2 to Ar gas ratio of 0% during deposition had a bottom layer that consisted of pure b.c.c. Fe (a = 2.87 A) whereas films prepared with 19%O2/Ar and 35%O2/Ar had either Fe3O4 (a = 8.47 angstroms) or alpha-Fe2O3 (a = 5.04 angstroms, c = 13.86 angstroms) bottom layers, respectively. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy revealed a smooth interface between the top nano-columnar NiFe and bottom nano-columnar Fe-oxide layer for all films. At room temperature, the observed coercivity (Hc approximately 25 Oe) for a film prepared with 19% O2/Ar indicates the existence of a magnetically hard ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 phase that is enhancing the plain NiFe (Hc approximately 2 Oe) by way of exchange coupling. A significant amount of exchange bias is observed below 50 K, and at 10 K the size of exchange bias hysteresis loops shift increases with increasing oxygen in the films. Furthermore, the strongest exchange coupling (H(ex) approximately 135 Oe at 10 K) is with alpha-Fe2O3 (35% O2/Ar) as the bottom film layer. This indicates that the pure antiferromagnetic phases work better than ferrimagnetic phases when in contact with ferromagnetic NiFe. H(ex) (T) is well described by an effective AF domain wall energy that creates an exchange field with a (1 - T/T(crit)) temperature dependence. Hc (T) exhibits three distinct regimes of constant temperature that may indicate the existence of different AF spin populations that couple to the FM layer at different temperatures.     

Perpendicular exchange bias in IrMn/Pt/[Co/Pt]3 multilayers with cone magnetization

The perpendicular exchange bias and magnetic anisotropy were investigated in IrMn/Pt/[Co/Pt]₃ multilayers through the analysis of in-plane and out-of-plane magnetization hysteresis loops. A phenomenological model was used to simulate the in-plane curves and the effective perpendicular anisotropies were obtained employing the area method. The canted state anisotropy was introduced by taking into account the first and second uniaxial anisotropy terms of the ferromagnet with the corresponding uniaxial anisotropy direction allowed to make a nonzero angle with the film's normal. This angle, obtained from the fittings, was of approximately 15° for IrMn/[Co/Pt]₃ film and decreases with the introduction of Pt in the IrMn/Pt/ [Co/Pt]₃ system, indicating that the Pt interlayer leads to a predominant perpendicular anisotropy. A maximum of the out-of-plane anisotropy was found between 0.5 and 0.6 nm of Pt, whereas a maximum of the perpendicular exchange bias was found at 0.3 nm. These results are very similar to those obtained for IrMn/Cu/[Co/Pt]₃ system; however, the decrease of the exchange bias with the spacer thickness is more abrupt and the enhacement of the perpendicular anisotropy is higher for the case of Cu spacer as compared with that of Pt spacer. The existence of a maximum in the perpendicular exchange bias as a function of the Pt layer thickness was attributed to the predominance of the enhancement of exchange bias due to more perpendicular Co moment orientation over the exponential decrease of the ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic exchange coupling and, consequently, of the exchange-bias field.     

Correlation between isotropic ferromagnetic resonance field shift and rotatable anisotropy in polycrystalline NiFe/FeMn bilayers

Polycrystalline NiFe/FeMn bilayers were fabricated by DC magnetron sputtering and studied by ferromagnetic resonance and vibrating sample magnetometer. The isotropic resonance field shift and the rotatable anisotropy are correlated to each other because they both undergo the maximal values around 2.5 nm and then decrease with increasing the antiferromagnetic layer thickness. These results can be explained in terms of thermally activated transition of antiferromagnetic spins.     

Synthesis, structure and exchange bias in Cr2O3/CrO2/Cr2O5 particles

We report on the synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of a novel exchange bias system with Cr₂O₃/CrO₂/Cr₂O₅ interfaces. Chromium oxide particles with mixed chromium valences were prepared by sintering CrO₃ in air. X-ray diffraction patterns show that CrO₃ lost its oxygen gradually with increasing temperature and time through Cr₃O₈, Cr₂O₅, CrO₂, and finally Cr₂O₃ at temperatures above 760 K. X-ray photoelectron spectra indicate a low CrO₂ content and a binding energy of 579.3 eV for Cr 2p_3/2 photoelectrons in Cr₂O₅. Chromium dioxide was found to stably coexist with Cr₂O₃ and Cr₂O₅ in the particles. Magnetic measurements show hysteresis loop shifts in the sample, indicating an exchange bias induced by antiferromagnetic Cr₂O₃/Cr₂O₅ in ferromagnetic CrO₂. An exchange bias of 9 mT at 5 K and a coercivity of 26.3 mT were observed in the chromium oxide particles containing CrO₂.     

Cr/CrN/Cu-TiN膜的成分与性能研究

为了使手术器械具有疏水抗菌性,我们在手术器械表面制备了具有微纳米结构的Cr/Cr N/Cu-Ti N膜。基体表面微纳米化用化学刻蚀法,膜层制备用高功率脉冲磁控溅射法,试样检测用SEM、EDS、接触角测量仪和涂层附着力自动划痕仪等。试样薄膜抗菌元素Cu含量随偏压增大从3.09%降到1.77%;膜基结合力随偏压增大呈先增后减趋势,-50 V时膜基结合力最大,为34 N;比较基体未经刻蚀处理和经过微纳米化刻蚀处理的试样的疏水性,差异明显,前者的水接触角为78°,后者的水接触角为132°。     

杂多酸掺杂聚酰亚胺/二氧化硅复合质子交换膜的制备和性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了杂多酸掺杂聚酰亚胺／二氧化硅（PI／SiO2）复合质子交换膜,研究了其质子导电性能、保水能力和抗化学氧化性能。结果表明,该千态复合膜的室温质子电导率为10^-7S／cm,中温环境（100～200℃）下的电导率可达10^-5S／cm以上,随着温度和杂多酸含量的升高,其质子电导率相应升高;对膜保水性能的研究表明,SiO2和杂多酸的加入能有效提高中温条件下复合膜的保水率,少量水的参与有可能进一步提高膜的质子电导率;对膜抗氧化性的研究表明,复合膜的抗氧化能力随二氧化硅含量的增加而增加,而随杂多酸含量的增加而降低,与纯聚合物相比,该复合膜的抗氧化能力略有下降。     

Ti/TiO2多层膜的光电性能研究

用真空蒸发和自然氧化法在玻璃基底上制备了Ti／TiO2多层膜，并检测了薄膜的光电性能。电性能检测表明Ti／TiO2多层膜存在类负阻效应，多层膜的层间的类负阻效应比表面的更明显，薄膜的层间电阻率高于表面电阻率；用分光光度计测得试样退火前后的透射谱；用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜检测了Ti／TiO2多层膜的晶体结构和表面形貌。     

Heat and mass exchange during freezing of meat prepacks in a dynamic disperse mediumEchange de chaleur et transfert de masse lors de la congélation de viande préemballée en milieu dispersé dynamique

This paper presents data on heat and mass exchange processes obtained during the freezing of meat prepacks in a bed of fluidised ice particles, which is referred to as a dynamic disperse medium (DDM), at different temperatures and velocities of air flow.The experimental results confirm the feasibility of using a DDM in the form of ice granules as an excellent coolant capable of shortening the time of technological cycle to between 75 and 50% and reducing the weight losses by a factor of 2.5 to 3.5 times those of conventional air-blast freezing methods.     

Cr、Ni元素对Fe3 Al/钢扩散焊界面组织结构的影响

采用扫描电镜和透射电镜分析比较了相同工艺条件下获得的Fe3 Al/Q235及Fe3 Al/Cr18-Ni8扩散焊界面的组织结构,研究了Cr、Ni元素对Fe3 Al/钢扩散焊界面组织结构的影响.研究表明:Cr、Ni的扩散有利于促进Fe3 Al与钢中Fe、A1元素的扩散结合,使Fe3 Al/Cr18-Ni8扩散焊界面过渡区的宽度较Fe3 Al/Q235界面过渡区大;并且Fe3 Al/Cr18-Ni8扩散焊界面过渡区新形成的Fe3 Al上弥散分布有含Cr、Ni的第二相,使Fe3A1出现了具有不同间距的位错对,甚至位错缠结现象,有利于提高Fe3 Al/钢扩散焊界面的结合强度.     

溅射气氛中O2/Ar体积比对AlxOy薄膜结构及性能的影响

为了研制高阻隔性和适合微波加热的包装材料,在PET基底上采用射频电源,以纯Al为靶,氧气为反应气体,高纯氩气为等离子体,磁控溅射AlxOy/PET包装薄膜。红外光谱(IR)分析表明,氧化铝IR谱的峰值、强度和带宽等规律性的变化与通入的氧气量有关。XPS研究发现,Al-O伸缩振动峰的波数越高,AlxOy中氧原子的含量越高。薄膜的阻隔性测试结果表明,AlxOy膜的y值越大,其阻隔性能越好。     

两种不锈钢在单相流和液/固两相流中冲刷与腐蚀的交互作用

用质量损失法研究了65Mn和316L及其Ni-P镀层的冲刷腐蚀行为.结果表明:在试样表面与流体间相对运动距离相同的条件下,65Mn和316L在单相流和两相流中的冲刷腐蚀速率随着介质温度的升高和理论流速的减小而增大.在20%H2sO4单相流和20%H2S04+20 g/L黄砂两相流(50℃,L88 m/s)中,冲刷与腐蚀...