Big — A binary generator for testing digital devices

This paper presents an unusual approach to the testing of digital devices. In order to test real time systems, we have designed, built, and used a digital generator able to send 2047 quadruples of 12-bit words, with a frequency range of up to 0.7 MHz.     

China Association for Standardization Announcement for Standards

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China Association for Standardization Announcement for Standards

No.3-2006(No.12 in total) China Association for Standardization approved the following CAS standard and publicize now. CAS 135-2006 Household Electric Auto-metage Drum Washer and dryer     

China Association for Standardization Announcement for Standards

No.001-2007(No.020 in total)China Association for Standardization approved the following CAS standard and publicizenow.CAS 131-2007 Professional manager qualification CAS 133-2007 Intelligent monitoring system for automobile tire     

Application of Fields for Adopted Standards in Catalogues of Chinese Standards

The Catalogues of Chinese Standards in electron-ic format are available from many national web-sites in the area of standardization, such as Standard-ization Administration of China (www.sac.gov.cn), China Standard Service Network (www.cssn.net.cn) and so on. It brings convenience to the worldwide users in retrieving Chinese standards. The retrievable Fields of Catalogues of Chinese Standards in elec-tronic format applied in the above websites are roughly same, usually including Standard…     

World Standards Day Message 14 October 2005 Standards for a safer world

W e all w ant to live in a safer,m ore secure w orld.B ut earthquakes and hurricanes,floods,transportationand dom estic accidents,epidem ics and industrial disas-ters still account for m any thousands of deaths and in-juries each year,in addition to m aterialand socialdam-age.International Standards offer w idely accepted andrecognized solutions to prevent and respond to thesethreats.The role thatstandards can play in preventing orm itigating such hum an and m ateriallosses is increasing-ly re…     

Japanese National Safety Standards for Electrical Equipment

I am working in Japan electrical safety & environment technology laboratory, which is called JET for short. In JET, we are carrying out the safety test of electrical equipment according to Japanese domestic standards or IEC standards. And in my section, our stuff is drafting some national safety standards harmonized with IEC in cooperation with the government. The standards are applied for the mandatory regulation and other schemes.     

Standards and Best Practices Application of Standards for Equipment-Manufacturing Industries Workshop Held in Shanghai

The “Application of Standards for Equipment-Manufacturing Industry Workshop” was held for two days in Shanghai from May 25th to May 26th, 2007. Dozens of delegates from famous enterprises and organizations around the world participated, including those from Shell China Ltd., Leal China, Siemens Ltd. China Corporate, and Assurance of SAI Global and SGS .     

A sound barrier for silicon?

For the first time in thirty five years, the clockspeed of the fastest commercial computer chips has not increased. Is the semiconductor industry just pausing for breath or about to suffer a fate similar to that of aerospace?     

A Standards System for the Proteetion and Utilization of Wild Fauna and Flora in China

This paper analyzed the current state of protection and utilization of wild fauna and flora and its standardization. The principles needed to establish a standardized system for the protection and utilization of wild fauna and flora were put forward. A comprehensive standards system consisting of the basic standards, technical regulations, and various other standards related to products, epidemic disease prevention and control, first-aid and propagation, viewing and hunting was proposed. Such a standards system will play an important role for wild fauna and flora protection and utilization in China.     

M-PAM space?time trellis codes for ultra-wideband multiple-input multiple-output communications

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with space-time (ST) coding are desirable in ultra- wideband (UWB) communication systems to improve the error-rate performance of the UWB link. The authors have considered the design of optimal (in error-rate performance) M-ary pulse-amplitude modulated (M-PAM) ST trellis codes (STTC) for a pulse-based UWB MIMO communication system. Following the approach by Vucetic et al. for narrowband systems, the authors carry out a probability of error analysis to derive upper bounds on pairwise symbol error probability for a UWB communication system for slow fading and fast fading at both low and high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The authors deduce the design criteria from the upper bounds. Based on these criteria, an optimal four-state binary-PAM STTC, for two transmit antennas, is designed by hand. Finally, simulation results of the optimal binary-PAM STTC in a UWB communication system confirm significant improvement in bit error-rate performance over previously proposed ST coding scheme for UWB, at higher transmit SNR.     

Is hydraulic retention time an essential parameter for MBR performance?

The effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on membrane bioreactors (MBR) operation is discussed. A brief literature review on this topic indicates that biased conclusions can be drawn if data is obtained under non steady-state conditions. Another relevant aspect regarding steady-state operation includes activated sludge adaptation to bioreactor running conditions. In addition, wastewater components also have influence on steady-state achievement and MBR performance.     

General Survey for Lightning Protection Standards Development in China

TheintroductionofIEC/TC81Thunderstormsarenaturalweatherphenome-naandtherearenodevicesormethodscapableofpreventinglightningdischarges.Lightningflashesstrikingstructuresorservicesenteringthestructures,orstrikingearthnearbyarehazardoustopeople,tothestructuresthemselves,theircon-tentsandinstallations,aswellastoservices.Hencelightningprotectionisveryimportantfornationaleconomicdevelopment.Theinternatio-altradeinlightningprotectionmeasuresintegratedinplantsorbuildingsisofincreasingimportance:moret…