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通过目前矿山岩矿层产状测定工具罗盘、挂罗盘测定岩矿层产状困难和测定值误差较大,设计出矿山岩矿层产状测定仪(尺),介绍其如何使用,其测定值精度高于罗盘13—25倍,并将罗盘测定岩矿层产状必须在岩矿层层面上,改变为只要有岩矿层层面线即可,克服了不好找岩矿层层面和岩矿层层面不规则等困难。此测定仪(尺)如能推广应用,则为矿山岩矿层产状测定开辟出一条新的途径。 相似文献
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地质勘探是通过各种手段、方法对地质进行勘查、探测。是在对矿产普查中发现有工业意义的矿床,为查明矿产的质和量,以及开采利用的技术条件,提供矿山建设设计所需的矿产储量和地质资料,对一定地区内的岩石、地层,构造、矿产、水文,地貌等地质情况进行调查研究工作。煤矿开采作业是新时期社会经济发展的必然选择,向各个行业输送了生产所需的物质资源,维持了产品加工与制造的持续性。文章对此进行研究。 相似文献
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近年来在我国强制煤矿安全生产的背景下,国产煤矿机械迅速发展,尤其是掘进机发展速度最快,本文选择了具有代表掘进机发展方向的硬岩掘进机作为主体,将国产硬岩掘进机和德国DBT300掘进机在伸缩部、油箱结构、油缸、收料结构、关节轴承的使用这五个方面做了比较,国产硬岩掘进机实用性更强,但设计细节不如德国DBT300掘进机,国内研发工程师还要取长补短,设计出国际领先的掘进设备。 相似文献
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针对硬岩巷道安全快速掘进施工问题,探讨了有关目前实现坚硬岩石巷道安全快速掘进需要解决的技术问题,重点探讨了硬岩爆破新型高威力安全炸药与相关爆破专家系统的研究方向,可供相关科技工作者参考借鉴。 相似文献
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车集煤矿地质条件复杂,受断层影响较大,合理的过断层方式对生产过程中的安全、技术经济效益都有很大的影响。结合我矿综采工作面改造实例,从安全影响因素、技术经济分析两个方面对两种过断层方式进行对比分析,得出过断层方式选择参考结论:强推硬过及改造过断层方式安全上各具优缺点且采取适当措施的情况下可以避免安全问题出现;结合断层产状评估参考,建议在断层满足以下条件其中的两个(倾向长度影响大于30%(硬岩占破岩量的50%以上)、走向影响长度大于200m或3个月的进尺、断层落差在3倍采高)或技术上强推硬过不可行时,方可考虑进行改造;研究成果对类似条件下工作面过断层方式选择具有一定的借鉴指导意义。 相似文献
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《工程(英文)》2017,3(4):552-558
Rockburst is an important phenomenon that has affected many deep underground mines around the world. An understanding of this phenomenon is relevant to the management of such events, which can lead to saving both costs and lives. Laboratory experiments are one way to obtain a deeper and better understanding of the mechanisms of rockburst. In a previous study by these authors, a database of rockburst laboratory tests was created; in addition, with the use of data mining (DM) techniques, models to predict rockburst maximum stress and rockburst risk indexes were developed. In this paper, we focus on the analysis of a database of in situ cases of rockburst in order to build influence diagrams, list the factors that interact in the occurrence of rockburst, and understand the relationships between these factors. The in situ rockburst database was further analyzed using different DM techniques ranging from artificial neural networks (ANNs) to naive Bayesian classifiers. The aim was to predict the type of rockburst—that is, the rockburst level—based on geologic and construction characteristics of the mine or tunnel. Conclusions are drawn at the end of the paper. 相似文献
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为了解决露天台阶传统爆破方法难以克服的诸多困难,依据黑岱沟露天煤矿岩体层理发育、软硬岩层叠置的实际条件,提出了利用空气间隔装药技术均衡炮孔内爆轰压力、毫秒延时逐孔起爆和大密集系数爆破技术方案。用三维数值模拟了双排多炮孔在爆炸荷载作用下逐孔起爆时,台阶爆破困难部位的岩体受力状态,证实了方案的可行性,并用现场试验验证了数值模拟确定的主要爆破技术参数的可用性。空气间隔装药、毫秒延时逐孔起爆和大密集系数布孔等技术的综合利用,实现了层理发育、软硬岩层叠置复杂岩性条件下,露天台阶深孔爆破爆堆松散、无根(拉)底和岩石破碎块度均匀、大块率低的良好效果,经济效益显著。 相似文献
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The changeable structure and movement law of overlying strata are the main contributor to the change of mining stress. Starting from the relevant theory of key stratum and particularly based on the theory of mine ground pressure and strata control, this research proposed a new solution to mining stress problems by establishing a dual-load-zone stratum structural model. Elastic foundation beam theory was used to solve the stress of overlying strata of the dual-load-zones with superposition method, which revised the traditional calculation method of mining stress. The abnormal increase of lead abutment pressure in the mining area was explained effectively, through which the evolution law of mining stress in the case of hard rock was obtained. The results indicate that mining stress experiences a drastic change within the range of 50 m ahead of the coal wall due to the collapse of main roof; under the influence of main key stratum and inferior key strata, the influence range of lead abutment pressure is extended up to approximately 120 m in the working face; this remarkable increase can be attributed to the excessive length of sagging zone. Results from both the dual-load-zone model experiment and field measurement demonstrate high consistency. The model can predict the influence range of abutment pressure effectively and thus guide the safety production of mining. 相似文献
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在晋城矿区随着3#煤资源的逐步枯竭,许多矿井迫切希望能够开采15#煤层。但15#煤顶板为厚、硬的石灰岩顶板,开采可能形成顶板大面积悬露而突然断裂垮落、造成生产安全问题。该文针对卧庄煤矿15#煤层的赋存情况,根据关键层理论确定老顶岩梁,采用弹性地基梁模型解析计算其弯曲挠度;采用Fourier积分变换方法解析计算底板岩层的底鼓量;并计算直接顶的冒落高度。根据老顶弯曲挠度、底板底鼓量和煤层冒落高度三者之和充满采空区,来确定相对应的开采宽度,以判别其石灰岩顶板的稳定性。计算显示:当控制直接顶石灰岩-1、石灰岩-2随开采及时冒落、开采宽度达到22.55m时,老顶岩层可与冒落岩石相接触,表明卧庄矿15#煤层开采是安全的。这里所采用的分析方法对于晋城矿区及相类似坚硬顶板煤层的安全开采具有参考价值。 相似文献
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《工程(英文)》2017,3(4):559-566
To understand the resource features and geology in the deep Jinchuan nickel deposit, difficult geological conditions were systematically analyzed, including high stress, fragmentized ore rock, prevalent deformation, difficult tunnel support, complicated rock mechanics, and low mining recovery. An integrated technology package was built for safe, efficient, and continuous mining in a deep, massive, and complex nickel and cobalt mine. This was done by the invention of a large-area continuous mining method with honeycomb drives; the establishment of ground control theory and a technology package for high-stress and fragmented ore rock; and the development of a new type of backfilling cement material, along with a deep backfilling technology that comprises the pipeline transport of high-density slurry with coarse aggregates. In this way, good solutions to existing problems were found to permit the efficient exploitation and comprehensive utilization of the resources in the deep Jinchuan nickel mine. In addition, a technological demonstration in an underground mine was performed using the cemented undercut-and-fill mining method for stressful, fragmented, and rheological rock. 相似文献
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深井矿山开采条件下,地应力环境更加复杂,为研究高应力围压对爆破破岩效果的影响,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA分析软件建立了三维数值计算模型,设定开采深度H分别为1000 m、2000 m和3000 m三种方案,开展三向围压下岩体爆破损伤范围数值分析。研究表明:在相同岩石和爆破参数条件下,随着开采深度的增加,围岩压力随之增大,围压总体上对爆破损伤范围起到抑制作用,使得装药区的爆破损伤体积由H=1000 m时的2.21 m3降低至H=3000 m时的0.52 m3,降低幅度达到76.5%;且对拉伸破坏的抑制效果更明显,岩体爆破损伤类型由拉伸破坏逐渐向剪切破坏转化。高围压条件下,岩体的围岩约束作用增大,一定程度上加大了爆破难度,但超过一定范围易于诱发岩爆事故。 相似文献
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