阴非离子型Gemini表面活性剂驱油体系性能评价

为提高低渗透油藏采收率,开发了一种阴非离子型Gemini表面活性剂ANG7-Ⅳ-7,并测定体系的界面张力、乳化性能和吸附量。结果表明,ANG7-Ⅳ-7表面活性剂浓度在1⁴ g/L范围内,油水界面张力均可达到10-3m N/m的超低数量级,当ANG7-Ⅳ-7浓度为4 g/L时,能使油水界面张力达到最低值6.025×10-3m N/m;在注入浓度为4 g/L时,表面活性剂在油砂上的吸附量为2.035 mg/g。室内岩心驱油试验结果表明,4 g/L的ANG7-Ⅳ-7表面活性剂驱可在水驱后提高采收率11个百分点。     

OP表面活性剂在洗涤剂工业中的应用

通过介绍ＯＰ的性质比较全面地介绍了其在洗涤剂工业中的应用。     

椰油聚醚羧酸盐阴非离子驱油剂的合成及性能

针对目前常规表面活性剂普适性差的问题,以椰油单乙醇酰胺为原料,制备系列椰油单乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐阴非复合型表面活性剂;用红外光谱进行了表征。测定其界面性能,0.2%表活剂溶液能够使江苏油田真35区块原油分别与水源井水和油田处理站污水,都达到10-3m N/m数量级的超低界面张力,满足油田驱油要求。     

椰油聚醚羧酸盐阴非离子驱油剂的合成及性能

针对目前常规表面活性剂普适性差的问题,以椰油单乙醇酰胺为原料,制备系列椰油单乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐阴非复合型表面活性剂;用红外光谱进行了表征。测定其界面性能,0.2%表活剂溶液能够使江苏油田真35区块原油分别与水源井水和油田处理站污水,都达到10-3m N/m数量级的超低界面张力,满足油田驱油要求。     

新型氟碳离子型表面活性剂的合成与性能

本文以全氟己基乙基溴、2-甲氨基乙醇等为原料,反应合成中间体N-甲基-N-全氟己基乙基乙醇胺,再分别与碘甲烷、氯乙酸钠反应,合成了两种新型氟碳离子型表面活性剂。通过红外光谱、核磁共振、表面张力、热重分析等方法对合成产物的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,所合成的表面活性剂具有良好的表面性能及热稳定性。     

羧酸盐Gemini表面活性剂合成及性能

以脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚为原料,合成了羧酸盐阴-非Gemini表面活性剂,针对胜利油田某区块的油水,进行了表面活性剂的耐温抗盐性能、聚表配伍性能试验。结果表明,其耐盐可达50000mg/L、抗钙镁离子达到1000mg/L、耐温性能达90℃,聚表配伍性能良好,具有应用于三次采油(EOR)先导试验的前景。     

非离子型表面活性剂TO的合成

非离子型表面活性剂ＴＯ的合成韩俐伟，王俊峰．吴青，李丽君ＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＯＦＮＯＮ－ＩＯＮＳＵＲＦＡＣＥＡＣＴＴＶＥＡＧＥＮＴＴＯ通过对造纸废液妥尔油进行化学反应分离或采用薄膜闪蒸分离，提取脂肪酸、树脂酸与环氧乙烷反应，合成一种新型非离子表面活性剂...     

三次采油用高效表面活性剂性能评价

制备了一种耐温抗盐高性能表面活性剂NHJ,并经试验评价了NHJ表面活性剂界面张力性能、耐温抗盐性能、表面张力性能、与地层水适应性能及洗油性能。评价结果表明,w(NHJ)0.3%溶液可使原油界面张力降低到10^-2 mN/m数量级,抗温性能达80℃,抗矿化度达8×10⁴ mg/L,抗Ca²⁺达4 000 mg/L,w(NHJ)0.3%溶液表面张力为21.24 mN/m,与地层水具有良好适应性,洗油率达到45%。     

超支化表面活性剂的合成及性能评价

以二乙醇胺与顺丁烯二酸酐为原料合成了超支化不饱和聚(酰胺-酯)(HP)。通过琥珀酸单十二酰胺磺酸与HP端羟基的酯化反应得到阴-非离子型超支化表面活性剂(HPSA),用FTIR、~1HNMR和GPC对其结构进行了表征,并对HPSA的临界胶束浓度、表/界面张力、润湿性能、高温高盐下抗老化性能、乳化性能及驱油能力进行了测定。结果表明:HPSA具有较低的临界胶束质量浓度(0.162 g/L)、较好的表/界面活性(γ_(CMC)=25.1 mN/m,δ_(CMC)=0.077 mN/m)及抗老化性能[ρ(NaCl)=2×10~(5 )mg/L,150℃时,老化15 d表面张力约为25 mN/m]。润湿性能结果表明:HPSA具有较好的润湿性能以及润湿反转性能。乳化性能结果说明:HPSA乳化性能与十二烷基磺酸钠相当,但其乳化抗盐能力[ρ(Na Cl)=8×10~(4 )mg/L,ρ(CaCl_2)=1×10~(4 )mg/L]较十二烷基磺酸钠优异。填砂管驱油实验结果表明:注入体积为0.5PV时,0.3 g/L的HPSA可在水驱基础上提高采收率约5.3%。HPSA可以作为高温高盐油田驱油剂使用。     

反应型双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

双子型表面活性剂是两个结构相同或不同的表面活性剂分子通过联接基团连接而成分子．其中至少含有两个疏水链和两个亲水基团（离子或极性基团）,双子表面活性剂的特殊结构使得其性质也比较特殊,如低的CMC、较好的润湿性、更好的分散力、溶解性、泡沫力和相行为等优良的性能日,使得其广泛应用于杀菌、环保、造纸、选矿、采油等方面。     

双磷酸酯表面活性剂的合成与性能

以三氯氧磷、二元醇(酚)、正十二醇为原料,合成了4种双十二烷基双磷酸酯(HDP,DGDP,BDP,PDP)。产物经无水乙醇重结晶提纯后,通过IR、1HNMR、质谱和电位滴定进行了结构表征。25℃时,它们的电离常数分别为:2.76×10-5mol/L(HDP),3.940×10-4mol/L(DGDP),1.595×10-4mol/L(BDP),4.255×10-3mol/L(PDP)。20℃时,它们的临界胶束浓度分别为:3.5×10-4mol/L(HDP),9.0×10-4mol/L(DGDP),1.1×10-3mol/L(BDP),1.3×10-3mol/L(PDP);在临界胶束浓度处的表面张力分别为:30.38 mN/m(HDP),34.49 mN/m(DGDP),35.31 mN/m(BDP),36.14 mN/m(PDP)。差热分析表明,4种产物的分解温度分别为:231℃(BDP),251℃(HDP),227℃(PDP),249℃(DGDP);初熔温度分别为:87℃(BDP),80℃(HDP),97℃(PDP),72℃(DGDP)。     

居贝特表面活性剂的合成和表面性质研究

以短碳链辛醇为起始原料制备了具有Guerbet结构的十六烷基失水甘油醚(Ⅰ)和具有Guerbet结构的十六烷基聚氧乙烯醚(EO)3的失水甘油醚(Ⅱ)以及它们对应的阳离子和两性离子表面活性剂(Ⅲ~Ⅵ)。Ⅲ~Ⅵ表面活性剂的结构如下:N-(3-支链十六烷氧基-2-羟丙基)-N,N,N-三甲基氯化铵(Ⅲ),N-〔3-支链十六烷基聚氧乙烯醚(EO)3-2-羟丙基〕-N,N,N-三甲基氯化铵(Ⅳ),N-(3-支链十六烷氧基-2-羟丙基)-N,N-二甲基羧酸甜菜碱(Ⅴ),N-〔3-支链十六烷基聚氧乙烯醚(EO)3-2-羟丙基〕-N,N-二甲基羧酸甜菜碱(Ⅵ)。通过硅胶柱色谱分离和重结晶,对所得6种化合物进行了纯化。用IR、1HNMR和ESI-MS鉴定了Ⅰ~Ⅵ的结构。并对Ⅲ~Ⅵ的表面张力进行了测定。结果表明,由于这些表面活性剂具有独特的Guerbet亲油基结构,使其具有较低的CMC(10-5~10-6mol/L)和γCMC(25~27 mN/m),有良好的表面活性和应用潜力。     

酯基Gemini型季铵盐表面活性剂的合成与性能

合成了一系列酯基Gemini型季铵盐表面活性剂烷基-α,ω-双(二甲基酰氧乙基溴化铵),标记为II-m-n(m=12,14;n=3,4,6);采用红外光谱和核磁共振进行结构表征.测定了相关的性能,结果表明,酯基Gemini型季铵盐表面活性剂具有很强的胶束生成能力,其临界胶束浓度(cmc)为2.63×10-4～ 4.17×10-4 mol·L-1(m=12)及2.88×10-5～ 4.46×10-5 mol·L-1(m=14),分别比相应的单季铵盐表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度低两个数量级;其泡沫稳定性、乳化性能和杀菌性明显优于相应的单季铵盐表面活性剂.     

唑型双子表面活性剂的合成和性能研究

以咪唑、以咪唑,溴乙酸,溴代十四烷和二元醇为主要原料,采用三步法合成了三种新的咪唑型双子表面活性剂,简记[C_(14)-n-C_(14)]Br_2。通过核磁氢谱和红外光谱对三种产物的结构进行表征,证明合成的产物为目标产物。并采用表面张力法得出三种表面活性剂的表面张力曲线,进而计算临界胶束浓度(CMC)等一系列表面性能参数,结果表明,连接基越短的咪唑型双子表面活性剂拥有更低的CMC,更高的界面活性。     

Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Alanine-Based Surfactants

The synthesis of a homologous series of alanine-based surfactants, namely sodium salts of n-alkanesulfonamido-2-propanoic acids in which n-alkane is n-dodecane, n-tetradecane, n–hexadecane, and n-octadecane having the formula RSO₂NHCH (CH₃)COO^?Na⁺, is described. The starting materials used were a mixture of secondary positional isomers of n-alkanesulfonyl chlorides obtained by photosulfochlorination reaction using sulfuryl chloride and a catalyst. Surface properties of the aqueous solutions of the synthesized surfactants, including the critical micelle concentration and minimal surface tension δ_min, were determined using surface tension measurements at 25 °C. The surface excess Γ and minimum area per molecule (A _min) where calculated using the Gibbs equation. The foaming power was also determined by the Bartsh method, and the R ₅ parameter was calculated to estimate the stability of the foam formed. The results obtained were compared to those of a commercial surfactant, sodium dodecylsulfate, and a series of synthesized glycine-based surfactants. The results obtained clearly show that the alanine-based surfactants possess good surface properties. The investigations highlight the influence on the surface properties of the addition of a methyl group in the hydrophilic part.     

Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants

A series of novel dissymmetric gemini cationics surfactants was synthesized by three-step reactions. The dissymmetric gemini surfactants contain a dodecanoic acid dimethylethylamine ester as the constant cationic part on one side of the hydroxypropyl center and a similar other cationic part, but with a different acid length (from octanoic to palmitic), on the other side. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γ _CMC) were determined. The surface tension measurements of dissymmetric gemini surfactants showed good water solubility, and low CMC had great efficiency in lowering the surface tension and a strong adsorption at the air/water interface. The CMC was observed to increase initially with the increase of the ester bond alkyl group. They also showed good foaming properties and wetting capabilites.     

Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants

A series of novel dissymmetric gemini surfactants, [C _m H_2m+1COOC₂H₄(CH₃)₂N(CH₂)₃N(CH₃)₂C₂H₄OOCC _n H_2n+1]Br₂ was synthesized and symbolized as m-s–n. The Krafft temperatures and surface tension curves of the dissymmetric gemini surfactants were measured using an electrical conductivity method and a drop volume method. The low Krafft temperatures indicate very good solubility of these esterquat gemini surfactants. With the increasing numbers of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic alkyl chain, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the minimum surface area (A _min) decrease, and the efficiency of surface tension reduction (pc₂₀) increases. With the same numbers of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic alkyl chain, the dissymmetric gemini surfactant has a lower CMC and a smaller A _min than the corresponding symmetric gemini surfactant due to the enhanced hydrophobic interactions.