关于《企业内部检测实验室认可指南》应用的探讨

本文通过分析《企业内部检测实验室认可指南》的要求, 探讨企业内部实验室和第三方实验室的差异分析、指南应用效果和指南应用的意见3个方面, 指导企业内部实验室提高运作效率, 保障检验结果有效性。此次应用分析可以不断推动企业内部实验室管理工作的科学发展, 同时也为认可评审员把握评审尺度, 有助于推动全国企业内实验室的认可发展。     

全国电动工具行业优秀企业实验室评选活动

由长三角电动工具行业实验室联盟组织举办的"全国电动工具行业优秀企业实验室"评选活动正在开展,该活动旨在更好地宣传电动工具企业实验室围绕企业战略定位,发挥其在企业发展方面的支撑与带动作用;同时也为了更好地促进电动工具企业实验室对产品技术研发的支持,提升市场开拓过程中的品牌效应,增强客户对企业产品质量的信心;利于进一步提升...     

全国电动工具行业优秀企业实验室评选活动 (系列展示之二)

由长三角电动工具行业实验室联盟组织举办的"全国电动工具行业优秀企业实验室"评选活动正在开展,该活动旨在更好地宣传电动工具企业实验室围绕企业战略定位,发挥其在企业发展方面的支撑与带动作用;同时也为了更好地促进电动工具企业实验室对产品技术研发的支持,提升市场开拓过程中的品牌效应,增强客户对企业产品质量的信心;利于进一步提升...     

山东省企业重点实验室名单公布

<正>本刊讯近日,山东省首批企业重点实验室评审结果揭晓,全省共批准立项建设35个企业重点实验室,华泰集团有限公司申报的造纸废弃物综合利用重点实验室榜上有名,成为东营市首家省级企业重点     

参与实验室认可提升企业药品检验能力

我国药品生产企业部分检验实验室管理水平低下,参与实验室认可,可有效地提升企业的检验能力。     

浅议实验室质量管理体系的持续改进

正随着我国检验检测行业的快速发展,企业实验室发展也进入了关键时期。当前,企业实验室面对的检验检测委托任务覆盖专业面较广,客户质量要求较高,这些都为企业实验室的发展造成了一定压力。在这种情况下,企业实验室唯有优化质量管理体系,将检验检测质量与服务质量变为企业在市场上的代名表词,才能够促进企业的健康发展。社会快速发展的今天,随着检验检测市场的开放,检验检测行业已经     

浅淡企业建立的实验室中化学试剂的管理

就本人多年实验室药品管理工作实践,从化学药品、试剂的分类、性质、存放场所等因素进行分析,对企业实验室药品管理提出建议,规范企业实验室管理建设。     

雀巢：严格过程控制 保证乳品质量安全

如果将保证乳品质量安全看作是一场乳品企业的持久保卫战的话,那么实验室就是这场战争的重要阵地。乳品企业的实验室是贯穿整个乳品生产的重要环节,从奶源的监控到产品的过程控制,再到最后的成品检测均离不开实验室的帮助,乳品企业的实验室能力为乳品质量安全提供了有力的保障。     

粮食收储企业检验实验室建设思考

粮食质量安全检验检测工作是守牢储备粮质量安全的底线,粮食收储企业检验实验室的建设是保障储粮安全的首道防线。随着“优质粮食工程”深入推进,粮食质量安全检验检测体系建设进入新高度,对企业实验室检测水平也提出了新要求。本文针对目前粮食收储企业检验人员设备配备不足、检测能力参差不齐等现象,结合企业实际情况,从检验人员检测能力、仪器设备管理、实验室质量管理3方面探讨了粮食收储企业检验实验室建设方向。     

企业实验室质量控制的探讨

企业实验室的检测质量是企业赖以生存的保证,是企业占领检测市场的重要条件,是为消费者提供放心食品的前提,是衡量企业的质量管理、技术能力的标尺。为了保证检测结果的准确性,检测过程的质量控制显得尤为重要。本文根据从事实验室检测工作的实践经验,从实验检测方法、设施和环境、人员素质、仪器设备等方面就如何提高实验室检测质量进行了论述,为全面提高实验室的工作质量提供依据。     

Distribution of hydrophilic and lipophilic antibacterial drugs in skim milk,cream, and casein

This study determined the distribution of drugs to different milk fractions according to their physicochemical properties. Hydrophilic drugs tend to concentrate in skim milk, whereas lipophilic drugs tend to concentrate in cream. The concentration of a drug in casein is related to its degree of binding to milk proteins. Thus, we aimed to determine whether withdrawal time in whole milk differs from that in cream, casein, and skim milk. Amoxicillin and tylosin were selected as prototype hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, respectively. The study was conducted in vitro and in vivo to determine whether in vitro conditions reflect the distribution of drugs in the different milk fractions in vivo. The in vivo study was conducted using a crossover design on 6 healthy Holstein dairy cattle. First, amoxicillin (i.m., single dose, 14 mg/kg) was administered to cows. Following a 1-wk washout period, tylosin (i.m., single dose, 15 mg/kg) was administered. Concentrations of amoxicillin and tylosin in milk and milk fractions were measured using HPLC-UV. In the in vitro study, 0.04 to 400 μg/g of amoxicillin and 0.05 to 50 μg/g of tylosin were spiked to drug-free milk and the concentrations in milk and milk fractions were measured. In addition, the percentage of total protein in milk and milk fractions was determined. Amoxicillin accumulated more in skim milk than in cream and casein, both in vitro (92%) and in vivo (73%, skim milk-to-whole milk ratio). The distribution of tylosin in whole and skim milk was similar to that of amoxicillin in the in vitro study, in contrast to the accumulation of tylosin in cream seen in vivo. However, the accumulation ratio of tylosin in cream was lower than expected. By either method, tylosin was less concentrated in casein than in skim milk and cream. The percentage of total protein was similar in skim milk and whole milk and higher than in cream. Thus, amoxicillin accumulates less in cream and casein, suggesting that these fractions would pose a lower risk to the consumer. Tylosin was still present at the maximum residue limit (50 μg/kg) 24 h after injection in the casein fraction and 48 h after injection in the cream fraction.     

Quercetin alleviates activities of intestinal and renal disaccharidases in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Specific activities of both intestinal and renal dissacharidases, such as sucrase, maltase, and lactase, were altered in diabetic rats. Our study was focused to evaluate the effect of feeding quercetin - a bioflavanoid on intestinal and renal dissacharidases in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The rats were fed with 0.1% quercetin in diet. A reduction in intestinal maltase and sucrase, activities in quercetin-fed diabetic rats was observed in contrast to the increased activities in the starch-fed diabetic rats. A significant amelioration in renal dissacharidase activities in quercetin-fed diabetic rats was observed when compared to decreased activity in starch-fed diabetic rats.     

Changes in meat quality characteristics of bovine meat during the first 6 days post mortem

The development of some quality parameters in bovine meat during the first 6 days of post mortem ageing was studied in two commercial groups (heifer and bull). In the first day bull meat is harder and springier. Meat pH falls during the first 24 h post mortem in both groups, reaching values around 5.5, and it did not change during the next 5 days. Water-holding capacity (expressed as percentage of expelled water) increased in heifer meat. Instrumental texture measures (texture profile analysis, TPA) showed a decrease in hardness, springiness and chewiness in bull raw meat. Sensory analysis showed that assessors perceived a decrease in hardness and in springiness in bull meat and a decrease in juiciness and in chewiness (number of chewings before swallowing) in heifer meat. Ageing showed no effect on assessors’ pleasantness either in heifers’ or in bulls’ meat. During the first 3 days, heifer meat was juicier. Heifers’ meat produced a greater pleasantness on the sixth day. Both meats were not very different for most quality parameters studied in this work.     

广州秋季市售生蚝微生物污染状况调查

目的是了解广州秋季市售生蚝微生物污染状况。按照GB／T4789—2003《食品卫生微生物学检验》对样品进行微生物检测,结果发现秋季市售生蚝的微生物污染状况比较严重,菌落总数和大肠菌群指标均出现严重超标,超标率分别达到68％和78％,即使在温度偏低的11月份超标现象仍较严重。所检样品中,弧菌超标更为严重,3个月弧菌的检出率则高达90％。结论是广州市售生蚝的微生物污染状况严重,建议消费者不要生食或使用未煮熟的生蚝。     

Trace mineral content of conventional,organic and courtyard eggs analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

We investigated the contents in yolk and albumen of the trace minerals Se, Zn, Mn, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Cr, Ni, Tl, As and Cd in eggs from hens from three husbandry systems by ICP-MS. Conventional hens were given a commercial feed with added minerals, organic hens were given a feed based on organic feedstuffs also with added minerals, and courtyard hens were fed on cereals, legumes, grass and swill. Dietary Se, Zn, Mn, Co and Cu concentrations were lower in courtyard compared to conventional and organic diets; Cr concentration was highest in courtyard compared to organic diet. Trace element contents in yolks were higher than those in albumen. The highest content of Se in yolks was in organic, followed by conventional eggs. Zn contents were highest in courtyard yolk, followed by conventional, which in turn was higher than organic. Mn yolk contents were lowest in courtyard eggs; Cr contents were highest in courtyard eggs. The differences in albumen were in Zn and Cr values, which were highest in courtyard eggs. Τhe results provide baseline measurements of trace mineral contents of eggs and suggest measurable differences amongst eggs from hens in different husbandry systems; the physiological significance of these differences are discussed.     

恩施州植烟土壤及烟叶硒含量状况分析

调查了恩施州植烟土壤及烟叶硒含量状况。结果表明:(1)恩施州植烟土壤硒含量平均为0.661 mg/kg,从土壤总硒水平来看,恩施土壤属于富硒土壤。烟叶硒含量平均为0.216 mg/kg,并表现为B2F>C3F>X2F,高于我国其他烟区。(2)恩施土壤硒的垂直地理分布特性明显,即随海拔高度的升高而极显著地增加;土壤硒含量与土壤中有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等大量元素具有极显著正相关,而与pH的相关性没有达到显著水平。当土壤等级为足硒和富硒土壤时,土壤中主要养分含量处于烟叶生长所需的适宜范围内。(3)在相对较高的硒含量土壤中,烟叶对硒的吸收累积强于低硒土壤。8个植烟县(市)土壤和烟叶硒含量的相关性均为正相关。     

Varietal differences in the mineral composition of bulked samples of fruit from Cox's Orange Pippin,Crispin (Mutsu) and Spartan apple trees

Concentrations of dry matter, nitrogen and major mineral constituents in samples of Cox's Orange Pippin and Crispin fruit from interplanted trees were measured for 4 years. Similar measurements were made over a 6 year period in Cox and Spartan fruit samples from trees interplanted in another orchard. Concentrations varied greatly in all varieties from year to year. In comparison with Cox, fruit calcium concentrations were higher for a given mean mass per apple in Crispin in all years and in Spartan for 4 of the 6 years at harvest. Concentrations of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus were lower in Crispin and Spartan than in Cox fruit at harvest in all years, but dry matter and sodium concentrations differed only in some years. Changes in concentrations during fruit growth were measured in 2 years for each comparison. Differences between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in either Crispin or Spartan and Cox apples were evident throughout fruitlet enlargement in both years. Calcium concentrations were higher in Crispin and Spartan fruitlets than in Cox fruitlets of equivalent mass. Variations in the concentrations of potassium, magnesium and calcium from tree to tree were greater for Cox than Crispin samples but relationships between potassium and magnesium concentrations were similar for both varieties.     

气候变化背景下鄂西烟草种植气象风险评价与区划

为了确定湖北西部植烟区的气象灾害风险程度,根据灾害学系统理论,从致灾因子、孕灾环境、承灾体和防灾减灾能力4个子系统出发,综合考虑气候条件、地理地形、社会经济状况等多个因素,利用GIS平台对鄂西烟草种植气象灾害风险进行评价与区划。结果表明,鄂西北地区气象灾害危险性东高西低,南北向无明显规律,而鄂西南地区是南高北低;鄂西南巴东和恩施烟草易损性较小,而鄂西北的枣阳和丹江口市易损性较大;鄂西南北部地区的气象风险低于南部地区,而鄂西北南部地区气象风险较小,东部气象风险最大;神农架局部地区和鹤峰、丹江口市东部等地的气象风险最严重。总体而言,鄂西地区适宜种植烟草,尽管存在风险,但是大部分地区风险等级在中等及中等以下,这对指导当地合理规划烟草种植和生产具有重要意义。     

Biochemical changes during ripening of some sudanese date varieties

Changes in the chemical composition of three popular Sudanese varieties of date (Jawa, Bentamoda and Mishrig Wad Laggai) during ripening are described and are related to changes in texture and in the activities of various degradative enzymes in the fruit. Total invertase levels were high throughout maturation of the three varieties. Although the proportion of soluble enzyme increased during ripening solubilisation did not appear to influence the relative amounts of sucrose and reducing sugars in the ripening fruit. Both cellulase and polygalacturonase were absent or at low levels in the green fruit but displayed large increases in activity during ripening. This enhancement was reflected in a reduction in fruit firmness although little change in cellulose or pectin levels was apparent analytically until the final stage of ripening. Despite a considerable rise in pectinesterase activity during ripening no significant trend could be discerned in the degree of esterification of pectin suggesting that the enzyme is of minor importance in softening of these fruit.     

Analysis of plasticizers in cap-sealing resins for bottled foods

A survey of plasticizers in cap-sealing resins for bottled foods has been undertaken. During 1997-1999 di-(2- ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) was found in seven out of 21 samples on the Japanese domestic market and in 10 out of 61 imported samples as well as a further two samples which contained di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipate (DEHA). In the period 1993-1999, of the other plasticizers diacetyl lauroyl glycerol (DALG) was only detected in domestic samples whereas diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and diisononyl phthalate (DINP) were only in imported samples. It was observed overall that DEHP and DEHA were restricted to use in cap-sealing resins for bottled foods. Whilst phthalates, DEHA or DALG were detected in samples in 1993 and 1995, the investigation in 1997-1999 showed fewer samples in which these plasticizers were found.