甲基乙烯基硅橡胶/有机蒙脱土母炼胶纳米复合材料的制备、结构与性能

采用溶液插层法和母炼胶混炼工艺制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)/有机蒙脱土母炼胶(OMMT-MB)纳米复合材料,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对复合材料进行了表征,研究了复合材料的拉伸性能与热稳定性能,并与直接共混法制备的MVQ/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料和MVQ/白炭黑复合材料进行了对比,分析了OMMT的增强机理.结果表明,MVQ/OMMT-MB纳米复合材料中的OMMT完全剥离,且均匀分散在MVQ基体中;当OMMT质量分数为20%时,MVQ/OMMT-MB复合材料的拉伸性能优于MVQ/OMMT复合材料,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率分别增大至1.41 MPa、490%;其与MVQ/白炭黑复合材料相比,两者的拉伸强度相当,扯断伸长率增大了30%;MVQ/OMMT-MB复合材料的热稳定性略优于MVQ/OMMT复合材料,但比MVQ/白炭黑复合材料差.     

硅橡胶/有机改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能研究

用熔体插层法制备甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)/有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料并研究其微观结构和性能。结果表明:OMMT改性剂疏水性从优到劣的顺序为I.44P,I.30P,Bengel434,I.44P和I.30P在MVQ中的分散性优于Bengel434;MVQ/OMMT纳米复合材料的物理性能和热稳定性从优到劣的顺序为MVQ/I.44P,MVQ/I.30P,MVQ/Bengel434纳米复合材料;添加40份I.44P的MVQ/I.44P纳米复合材料的100%定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度比纯胶有较大提高。     

甲基乙烯基硅橡胶／有机蒙脱土母炼胶纳米复合材料

上海工程技术大学的王锦成等人采用溶液插层法和母炼胶混炼工艺制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）／有机蒙脱土母炼胶（OMMT—MB）纳米复合材料。MVQ／OMMT—MB纳米复合材料中的OMMT完全剥离,且均匀分散在MVQ基体中;当OMMT质量分数为20％时,MVQ／OMMT—MB复合材料的拉伸性能优于MVQ／OMMT复合材料,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率分别增大至1．41MPa、490％;     

甲基乙烯基硅橡胶／有机蒙脱土母炼胶纳米复合材料

上海工程技术大学的王锦成等人采用溶液插层法和母炼胶混炼工艺制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）／有机蒙脱土母炼胶（OMMT—MB）纳米复合材料。MVQ／OMMT—MB纳米复合材料中的OMMT完全剥离,且均匀分散在MVQ基体中;当OMMT质量分数为20％时,MVQ／OMMT—MB复合材料的拉伸性能优于MVQ／OMMT复合材料,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率分别增大至1．41MPa、490％;     

环氧树脂/有机蒙脱土复合材料的制备与力学性能研究

利用插层聚合法制备了环氧树脂/有机蒙脱土(EP/OMMT)复合材料.采用XRD对复合材料进行了表征,并研究了复合材料力学性能.实验表明:环氧树脂/有机蒙脱土形成了剥离型的纳米复合材料结构;环氧树脂中加入适量的有机蒙脱土,可以提高环氧树脂的拉伸强度和冲击强度.当经过改性的OMMT质量分数为5%时,EP/钛酸酯偶联剂(Coupler)-OMMT复合材料的拉伸强度达到51.21 MPa,提高了40.26%;当OMMT质量分数为3%时,EP/Coupler-OMMT复合材料冲击强度达25.31 kJ/m2,提高了34.56%.     

OMMT/PU/HTV硅橡胶纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂对钠基蒙脱土进行表面改性,制备有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/PU/热硫化(HTV)硅橡胶纳米复合材料,并对其性能进行研究.试验结果表明,与HTV硅橡胶相比,OMMT/PU/HTV硅橡胶纳米复合材料的热稳定性提高;当OMMT/PU用量为2份时,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率达到最大值.     

阻隔性尼龙611／有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究

以11-氨基十一酸对蒙脱土(MMT)进行有机化改性,采用原位聚合法制备了尼龙611/有机蒙脱土(OM-MT)纳米复合材料.通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪研究了OMMT及尼龙611/OMMT纳米复合材料的化学结构,使用扫描电子显微镜观察了纳米复合材料的形貌.详细考察了OMMT含量对尼龙611/OMMT纳米复合材料阻隔性能和力学性能的影响,探讨了OMMT的阻隔机理.结果表明,MMT经有机化改性后,其片层在尼龙基体中分散均匀,并与尼龙基体发生键合作用,使尼龙611分子的内聚力增强,分子链堆积程度提高,极大地提高了阻隔性能;OMMT质量分数为3%时,材料的拉伸强度达到最大值,但在常温、低温下冲击强度略有下降.     

BIIR/EPDM/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

选择实验室自制有机蒙脱土(OMMT),采用机械共混法制备了溴化丁基橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶/OMMT(BIIR/EPDM/OMMT)纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)考察了复合材料的亚微观结构,表明成功制备出了BIIR/EPDM/OMMT纳米复合材料;不同OMMT含量的复合材料的力学性能测试结果表明:当OMMT用量为5份时,拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别提高了44%和43%;另外对纳米复合材料的硫化特性及表观交联密度进行了对比分析。     

BSBBR/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能

采用机械共混法分别制备了BSBBR(星形支化溴化丁基橡胶)/OMMT(有机蒙脱土)纳米复合材料、BIIR(溴化丁基橡胶)/OMMT纳米复合材料,并着重探讨了OMMT掺量对两者结构和性能的影响。研究结果表明:BSBBR、BIIR中的部分橡胶大分子链可插入至OMMT的片层结构中,并且OMMT可良好分散在BSBBR、BIIR基体中;当w(OMMT)=10%(相对于纳米复合材料质量而言)时,BSBBR/OMMT纳米复合材料的拉伸强度相对最优,并且比纯BSBBR提高了73%,而且是BIIR/OMMT纳米复合材料的1.35倍;与BIIR/OMMT纳米复合材料相比,BSBBR/OMMT纳米复合材料具有更优异的耐热性和气体阻隔性。     

母料法制备尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料及其性能

以高流动性聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)为载体树脂,制备了接枝聚丙烯/有机蒙脱土插层母料,并以此为增强剂制备了PA6/接枝聚丙烯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料,研究了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)含量对复合体系力学性能和耐热性能的影响。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了复合材料的微观结构。结果表明:在所制备的插层母料中,PP-g-MAH大分子能够部分插入OMMT的晶片层间,其层间距有所增大。母料法制备的PA6/接枝聚丙烯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能得到了较大提高,当OMMT含量为6%时,拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别比PA6/PP-g-MAH共混体系提高了24%和25.1%。     

Synthesis of hyperbranched organo‐montmorillonite and its application into high‐temperature vulcanizated silicone rubber systems

N,N‐Di(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐N‐dodecyl‐N‐methyl ammonium chloride was used as intercalation agent to treat Na⁺‐montmorillonite and form a type of organic montmorillonite (OMMT). Hyperbranched OMMT (HOMMT) was prepared by condensation reaction between OMMT and the monomer we synthesized. It was then used in the preparation of high‐temperature vulcanizated silicone rubber (HTV‐SR)/HOMMT nanocomposite. Different types of HTV‐SR/HOMMT nanocomposites were prepared with different amounts of HOMMT and compared with the composites directly incorporated with OMMT. Tensile properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, permanent distortion, and shore A hardness were researched and compared. A combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide angle X‐ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy studies showed that HTV‐SR/HOMMT composites were on the nanometer scale, and the structure of HTV‐SR was not interfered by the presence of HOMMT. Results showed that the tensile properties of HTV‐SR/HOMMT systems were better than that of the HTV‐SR/HOMMT and HTV‐SR. This was probably due to the surface effect of the exfoliated silicate layers and anchor effect of HOMMT in the SR matrix. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Effect of organic modification on structure and properties of room‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber/montmorillonite nanocomposites

The aim of this work was to study the effect of different organomontmorillonite on the structure and properties of room‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV) composites. Quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) and hyperbranched QAS were used as intercalation agents to treat Na⁺‐montmorillonite and formed two kinds of organomontmorillonite, OMMT and HOMMT. OMMT/RTV and HOMMT/RTV composites were prepared using these organomodified silicate layers. Properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, swelling behavior, and thermal stability were researched and compared. The addition of OMMT and HOMMT improved the mechanical properties of RTV composites. The composites with 3 mass % HOMMT showed the highest tensile strength and elongation at break, 5.4 MPa and 425%, which was 29 and 97% higher than that of pure RTV. The RTV composites exhibited excellent thermal stability and swelling behavior. At loading of 3 mass % of HOMMT, T_onset, and T_max was 452 and 640°C, respectively, 33 and 150°C higher than that of pure RTV. A combination of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies was used to characterize the structure and reinforcing mechanism of these clays. The diffraction peaks in XRD curves were almost absent in the scattering curve of RTV/HOMMT (3 mass %). This was due to the possibility of having exfoliated silicate layers dispersed in the polymer matrix. A careful observation of an area of platelet tactoid of 3% HOMMT filled composite in SEM and TEM revealed the uniform dispersion of the silicate layers in the composites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Preparation and characterization of hyperbranched polymer modified montmorillonite/chlorinated butyl rubber damping composites

In this work, Na⁺‐montmorillonite (MMT) was modified by hyperbranched polymer (HBP) and grafted with hindered phenol to improve the damping and other properties of the chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) composites. The hyperbranched polymer‐modified montmorillonite (HBP‐OMMT) was prepared by organic montmorillonite (OMMT) that was obtained from the cation exchange reaction between MMT and silane quaternary ammonium salt. The main characterization methods were Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The basal spacings of MMT, OMMT, and HBP‐OMMT were 1.47, 2.94, and 4.09 nm, respectively. The onset and center temperatures of decomposition (T_?5% and T_max) of HBP‐OMMT were improved from 301 and 369 °C to 332 and 398 °C, respectively. The CIIR damping composites were prepared by mechanical blending of HBP‐OMMT with pure CIIR. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites were improved from 5.4 MPa and 890% to 7.6 MPa and 1066%. From TG curves, T_?5% and T_max were increased from 297.4 and 406.0 °C to 323.3 and 410.5 °C, respectively. The dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that tan δ rose from the original 1.20 to 1.44 with the addition of HBP‐OMMT. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43645.     

新型有机蒙脱土的制备及其在聚丙烯改性中的应用

采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB） 、环氧树脂（EP）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、十八胺(ODA)对钠基蒙脱土(MMT)进行干法插层改性, 分别制备了CMMT、EMMT、IMMT和OMMT等新型有机蒙脱土,并对聚丙烯(PP)进行熔融改性制得PP/OMMT纳米复合材料。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪 、透射电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪等分析手段对新型有机蒙脱土及纳米复合材料的结构形态及性能进行了研究。结果表明,OMMT层间距由蒙脱土的1.5626 nm扩大到4.2828 nm, OMMT片层均匀分散在PP基体中;当OMMT含量为5 %（质量分数,下同）时,纳米复合材料拉伸强度、断裂伸长率及冲击强度分别比纯PP提高了25.9 %、17.1 %和127.1 %;同时,加入OMMT后,PP的结晶度先升高后降低。     

纳米有机蒙脱土改性邻甲酚醛环氧树脂的研究

利用插层复合技术制备了邻甲酚醛环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料，对固化产物利用X射线衍射(XRD)分析有机蒙脱土的层间距变化。通过对复合材料的力学性能测试表明，少量有机化蒙脱土的加入可以较大地提高材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度，起到了同时增韧增强的作用。并且环氧树脂／蒙脱土复合材料的热分解温度和热变形温度也有明显提高。     

PBA/OMMT制备及其对PA6力学性能的影响

用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)将Na基蒙脱土(MMT)改性成有机蒙脱土(OMMT),采用原位聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)/OMMT,并将其按适当比例添加到尼龙6(PA6)中。通过红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪等表征了OMMT、PBA/OMMT的结构,并检测了PA6/PBA/OMMT复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:添加5%的PBA/OMMT后,PA6/PBA/OMMT复合材料的拉伸强度提高了23.1%,缺口冲击强度的降低幅度有所减缓。     

在超临界CO2中制备生物可降解PEC/OMMT纳米复合材料

将聚碳酸亚乙酯(PEC)与有机蒙脱土(OMMT)在超临界CO2(sc-CO2)中溶胀并混合,制备了生物可降解PEC/OMMT纳米复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪、热失重分析仪、差示扫描量热仪及万能电子拉力机等对PEC/OM-MT纳米复合材料的性能进行表征和分析。结果表明,70℃下制备的PEC/OMMT复合材料为插层型纳米复合材料;该复合材料的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度都得到较大改善;加入少量OMMT,复合材料的拉伸性能得到明显提高。与熔融插层法和溶液插层法相比,sc-CO2法既可以解决PEC在熔融插层中面临的热降解问题,也可以避免溶液插层中使用大量有机溶剂造成的污染问题,是制备PEC/OMMT纳米复合材料的一种新方法。     

Study on Polyurethane/MDI-Modified-Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Polyurethane (PU)/MDI-modified-organic montmorillonite (MOMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization and intercalation technology. Compared with that of organic montmorillonite (OMMT), the interlayer spacing of MOMMT was increased from 1.50 nm to 2.05 nm because MDI was grafted on the surface of the silicate layers through reaction between MDI and -OH. The dispersion of silicate layers in PU/MOMMT nanocomposites was better than that of silicate layers in PU/OMMT nanocomposites. Compared with those of PU/OMMT nanocomposites, the tensile strength and tear strength of PU/MOMMT nanocomposites were increased, and the MOMMT showed a higher stiffened effect. Because of the improvement of the dispersion and interfacial interaction, the temperature of initial weight loss of PU/MOMMT nanocomposites was higher than that of PU/OMMT nanocomposites, so PU/MOMMT nanocomposites had better thermal stability.     

聚丙烯/有机蒙脱土/滑石粉纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用双螺杆挤出机直接熔混的工艺,以聚丙烯(PP)为基体树脂,以滑石粉(Talc)和经有机改性的蒙脱土(OMMT)为填料,以马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAH-g-PP)为相容剂,分别制备了PP/OMMT和PP/OMMT/Talc纳米复合材料。结果表明,所得PP/OMMT复合材料为蒙脱土剥离或部分剥离的纳米复合材料;PP/OMMT/Talc复合材料的性能优于两种填料分别填充改性的PP材料,且分散及改性效果基本没有互相影响;与传统PP/Talc复合材料相比,制备的PP/OMMT/Talc纳米复合材料在各性能相近或更好的前提下,密度可以减少7%～10%。