Web service-oriented manufacturing resource applications for networked product development

Networked manufacturing enterprises need a wider support from external manufacturing resources. This paper proposes a promising service to use web-based extended manufacturing resources for product development. The system architecture and enabling techniques are presented. Manufacturing resources on the web are achieved through focused crawling and semantic web technologies. These resources are further utilized through web-based resource repositories such as part libraries. The major modules of web-based manufacturing resource service are encapsulated with web services. A case study of mould product development is presented, which promotes the networked collaborative design and manufacturing processes. Some preliminary results indicate the feasibility and scalability of web-based manufacturing resource services for networked manufacturing.     

面向协同产品商务的敏捷设计支持系统的研究

叙述了协同产品商务(CPC)出现的背景，对CPC定义作了进一步解释，阐明CPC所具有的三个特点及其内涵．将CPC引入产品协同设计，提出产品敏捷设计的概念．构造了面向CPC的产品敏捷设计支持系统，说明了该系统的功能及体系结构，以递纸机构设计为例验证了系统应用．     

Dynamic data sharing and security in a collaborative product definition management system

Product definition management (PDM) is a system that supports management of both engineering data and the product development process during the total product life cycle. The formation of a virtual enterprise is becoming a growing trend, and vendors of PDM systems have recently developed a new generation of PDM systems called collaborative product definition management (cPDM). This paper presents the concept of a virtual engineering community (VEC) to support concurrent product development within geographically distributed partners. A previous case study has shown that collaborative engineering design may be modelled from a parameter perspective [1]. Effective implementation of the parameter approach raises the following problems: how to support data sharing and secure that span the partner borders. This paper describes the system architecture, deployed security mechanisms, the prototype developed within cPDM, and the system demonstration using a real test. The implementation of this architecture extends a common commercial PDM system (Axalan™) and utilizes standard software to create a security framework for the involved resources. Collaboration infrastructure, shared team spaces and shared resources are essential to enable virtual teams to work together. Various organizational and technical challenges are implied. The outlined architecture features a federated data approach. These issues are discussed and potential perspectives in the area of collaboration engineering are identified.     

基于WEB的协同论证决策支持系统

针对复杂产品研制过程中的总体方案论证,研究新环境、新技术和新条件下支持总体方案论证的决策支持系统。采用先进的计算机支持协同工作技术和广泛应用的WEB技术,构建一种科学合理的复杂产品论证方法。提出了基于WEB的复杂产品协同论证决策支持系统的总体构思,给出了该系统的总体框架、运作流程及核心技术。该系统可以使不同地域不同领域的专家应用异地分布的各种资源在网络环境下对复杂产品的总体方案进行交互协同论证,这对提高论证工作的科学性与合理性,拓展工作的方法和手段有重要的指导作用。     

A collaborative platform for complex product design with an extended HLA integration architecture

How to integrate the heterogeneous, autonomous models in a distributed environment, running on Internet, integration based on multilayer federation architecture and simulation resources dynamic reuse are the major difficulties for complex product collaborative design and simulation. An extended HLA-based collaborative simulation platform for multidisciplinary collaborative design is proposed. The architecture of platform is first given. The idea and realization of four key technologies, the dynamic creation of simulation federation based on resource management federation (RMF), HLA enabled template, collaborative simulation algorithm based on stage-data synchronization and TH_RTI, an extensible HLA runtime infrastructure (RTI), which is a web enabled RTI and can be used at Internet, are emphasized. Finally, an industry case is given. The demonstration of these prototype systems shows that extended HLA integration architecture is effective infrastructure for multidisciplinary collaborative modeling and simulation (M&S).     

基于上下文的分布式协同过滤推荐技术

针对传统协同过滤推荐技术应用于大规模动态数据集时难以兼顾准确度和效率的问题,提出一种基于上下文的分布式协同过滤推荐技术,引入推荐上下文的概念,并在此基础上充分考虑用户的即时兴趣以提高推荐的准确度,采用评分矩阵的分布式存储和计算以提高推荐的效率。实验结果表明,该分布式协同过滤技术能同时保证推荐的准确度和效率,使其在大规模动态数据集上的应用更具优势。     

基于协同虚拟环境的装配设计系统

针对分布式环境中复杂产品协同开发的装配设计需求,研究基于协同虚拟环境的装配设计系统的体系结构和关键技术,提出分布式条件下支持多用户实时交互操作的协同虚拟装配方法,包括复杂场景高分辨率实时渲染和多通道沉浸输出方案。以此为基础开发分布式协同虚拟装配环境,并通过面向汽车整车的多用户协同虚拟装配实例验证了系统的有效性。结果证明,用户可在该系统中完成复杂产品的协同虚拟装配设计工作。     

A distributed collaborative product design environment based on semantic norm model and role-based access control

With the boom of Internet Technology, it becomes possible to combine designers from different disciplines into one team to support product design globally. In this paper, a distributed collaborative product design environment is presented to support top-down process oriented product design. In conceptual design stage, the artifact is managed by semantic norm model (SNM). In SNM, the designers can define virtual components at early design stage and instantiate those components at later detailed design stage. By role-based access control (RBAC), different roles with corresponding permissions could be assigned to distributed designers, and the designers could concurrently modify different components of the product relevant to his or her roles. Based on the SNM and RBAC system, a distributed collaborative product design environment is developed and the top-down oriented product design process is demonstrated.     

Enhanced product support through intelligent product manuals

The scope of this paper is the provision of intelligent product support within the distributed Intranet/Internet environment. From the point of view of user requirements, the limitations of conventional product manuals and methods of authoring them are first outlined. It is argued that enhanced product support requires new technology solutions both for product manuals and for their authoring and presentation. The concept and the architecture of intelligent product manuals are then discussed. A prototype system called ProARTWeb is presented to demonstrate advanced features of intelligent product manuals. Next, the problem of producing such manuals in a cost-effective way is addressed and a concurrent engineering approach to their authoring is proposed. An integrated environment for collaborative authoring called ProAuthor is described to illustrate the approach suggested and to show how consistent, up-to-date and useroriented product manuals can be designed. The solutions presented here enable product knowledge to be captured and delivered to users and developers of product manuals when, where and in the form they need it.     

面向服务架构的工程材料库系统开发

综合分析了当前工程材料库管理系统相关方面的发展状况后，结合当前Web服务技术的发展状况，并针对企业的实施环境，提出并开发了基于Web服务的面向服务架构的工程材料库系统。为企业提供一个产品开发设计资源辅助支撑平台，实现设计资源共享。研究Web服务技术的应用为企业进一步实施并行工程、乃至动态联盟提供技术准备。     

Collaboration planning framework (CPF) to support distributed product development

Current marketplace is undergoing major changes that will affect the way organizations conduct their business. Organizations need to respond to a geographically dispersed marketplace. This can be achieved by leveraging globally distributed resources to fully understand and interpret individual customer needs. That is, organizations need to integrate their operations (product development) in a way that will allow dynamic response to market changes. Computer-supported collaborative engineering could provide the integrating mechanisms needed to integrate distributed operations. The change to collaborative engineering should be based on sound and comprehensive methodologies that can analyze current practices, assess their ability to be performed collaboratively, restructure organizational practices to enhance their performance in a collaborative environment, select appropriate tools to support practices, and provide an implementation plan. This paper presents a framework to build computer-supported collaborative product design and development operating in a distributed environment. The framework is composed of six modules that provide a systematic procedure to plan for computer supported collaborative engineering.     

A distributed and interactive system to integrated design and simulation for collaborative product development

The goal of applying collaborative product development in industry has raised the need to develop software tools supporting system integration and group collaboration. Current methods and tools mainly focus on the collaborative creation of design components and assemblies. However, few of them support the collaborative work in developing simulation models so that proposed design concepts and solutions can be evaluated by integrating expertise from several disciplines. The purpose of this research is to develop a distributed and interactive system on which designers and experts can work together to create, integrate and run simulations for engineering design. To develop such a system, a number of issues, e.g. effectiveness and efficiency of modeling work, the re-use of models, interaction and cooperation, accuracy of simulation, collaborative operation on models, etc., need to be addressed. This paper describes an open architecture to developing simulations for engineering design in a distributed and collaborative environment, identifies a set of key issues raised in this architecture, and presents the techniques employed in our solution.     

Development of a distributed collaborative design framework within peer-to-peer environment

Distributed collaborative design and manufacture enables manufacturing organizations to maintain competitiveness in the fiercely competitive global industry. This requires that the distributed system not only maintains data consistency across globally-distributed locations seamlessly, but also allows team members to access the storage system and computing resources transparently and securely. Current grid applications mainly based on client-server architecture are inflexible and rigid for fast changing collaborations among manufacturers, especially for small and medium enterprises. In this paper, a distributed collaborative design framework is presented with a hybrid of grid and peer-to-peer technology. In order to access computational resources for design, analysis and process simulation, a meta-scheduler is designed and implemented. It helps in resource discovery and optimal utilization of resources. A test bed is established, based on the framework proposed to demonstrate a distributed collaborative design and manufacturing environment.     

An Internet-based intelligent design system for injection moulds

The rapid growth of Internet and information technologies in recent years provides a solution to support and facilitate collaborative product developments among different geographically distributed enterprises. An effective and feasible tool to aid the collaborative development of injection moulds can be realized by developing an Internet-based mould design system as one of the modules of a collaborative product development system. This paper presents a prototype Internet-based intelligent design system for injection moulds. The architecture of the system consists of an interactive KB mould design system embedded in an Internet environment. A Java-enabled solution together with artificial intelligence techniques is employed to develop such a networked interactive CAD system. In this system, the computational module, the knowledge base module and the graphic module for generating mould features are integrated within an interactive CAD-based framework. The knowledge base of the system would be accessed by mould designers through interactive programs so that their own intelligence and experience could also be incorporated with the total mould design. The approach adopted both speeds up the design process and facilitates design standardization which in turn increases the speed of mould manufacture. A practical case study is presented to illustrate the operations of the Internet-based mould design system.     

基于虚拟样机的复杂产品协同设计与仿真关键技术研究

主要研究并行工程环境下复杂产品虚拟样机协同设计与仿真的体系结构及其关键技术。提出虚拟样机协同设计与仿真系统的体系结构与整体解决方案,研究面向虚拟样机的数字化多领域集成建模理论与方法,建立面向虚拟样机开发全生命周期的集成过程管理与冲突协调模型,提出面向复杂产品虚拟样机开发的多学科协同设计、协同仿真和智能决策支持的理论与方法,建立复杂产品虚拟样机协同支持环境,有效提高企业创新能力和核心竞争力。     

System support for web hosting services on server clusters

The Web hosting service is becoming increasingly important in which the service providers offer system resources to store and provide Web access to contents from individuals, institutions, and companies who lack resources or expertise to maintain a Web site. Web server cluster is a popular architecture used by the hosting service providers as a way to create scalable and highly available solutions. However, hosting a variety of contents from different customers on such a distributed server system faces new design and management problems and requires new solutions. This paper describes the research work we are pursuing for constructing a system to address the challenges faced by hosting Web content on a server farm environment. We also report performance data measured from a real hosting service.     

基于基类模型模板的自动武器协同设计系统

分析了现代产品协同设计系统功能模型和体系架构,以面向自动武器工程实际应用为目标,设计了统一的协同设计基类三维模型模板及数据关系模式。在此基础上自主开发的自动武器协同辅助设计系统,包括协同行为预测执行分析、自动武器标准模块库管理等功能模块,实现图层级别的协同到模型级别协同的转化。采用面向对象方法对自动武器协同设计开发项目中的应用程序、模型库、建模工具集等集成化,结合CAD软件底层函数的设计与开发技术及提供通用语言接口支持的网络服务技术,为系统的实施提供了可靠的交互支撑环境。     

基于虚拟样机的复杂产品协同设计与仿真关键技术研究*

主要研究并行工程环境下复杂产品虚拟样机协同设计与仿真的体系结构及其关键技术。提出虚拟样机协同设计与仿真系统的体系结构与整体解决方案,研究面向虚拟样机的数字化多领域集成建模理论与方法,建立面向虚拟样机开发全生命周期的集成过程管理与冲突协调模型,提出面向复杂产品虚拟样机开发的多学科协同设计、协同仿真和智能决策支持的理论与方法,建立复杂产品虚拟样机协同支持环境,有效提高企业创新能力和核心竞争力。     

基于Web服务的协同制造研究

产品的复杂性决定了产品制造过程的复杂性,需要设计、工艺,生产等部门在各个环节以及不同制造原料和生产人员协同完成,网络以及网络化制造的发展为分布式协同制造提供了实现环境,Web Services技术的成熟化为实现协同制造提供了技术支持,各个系统通过Web Services以及可扩展标记语言实现异构信息的共享及制造过程协同.研究了基于Web Ser-vices的协同制造,提出了面向服务的协同制造管理框架,并分析了框架的实现.最后将协同制造管理框架应用到车间管理信息系统,并使CAD,PDM、CAPP、设备、人事、生产信息等协同到制造过程,实现制造过程集成管理.     

支持协作的分布式虚拟环境

文章首先介绍了支持协作的分布式虚拟环境系统结构,并讨论了模型数据库及通讯的异构性问题。结合作者实现的应用系统,介绍了协作式分布虚拟环境系统所采用的关键技术,包括同步交互、对象分布等。