汽轮机轴封加热器问题的分析处理

1系统介绍我公司余热发电中的7.5MW补汽凝气式汽轮机,轴端汽封由均压箱供给压力为3～30kPa,温度为130～180℃的蒸汽,轴封所排蒸汽在轴封加热器中经凝结水冷却后,由轴加风机排向大气,在轴封加热器中部分蒸汽凝结为水后经轴封加热器下面的U型疏水管道直接排向地沟。     

新型气密式油挡在汽轮机的应用与分析

某350MW汽轮发电机组运行过程中汽轮机高中压缸轴承箱油中进水、油挡积碳、轴瓦、转子、主油泵等设备锈蚀的问题,进行了分析诊断。汽轮机由于机组结构原因,前轴承箱油挡属于整体形式,机组检修期间油挡无法进行间隙调整及积碳清理。汽轮机轴封间隙调整不合格及长周期运行对汽封存在磨损,导致汽缸端部汽封漏气,降低汽轮机效率、同时部分蒸汽会从端部流出、恶化工作环境。针对此问题将原油挡技改为新型气密式油挡,该气密式油挡阻止轴封漏汽和灰尘杂质的进入轴承箱内,避免了油中进水和油中带杂质等情况的出现,消除油挡积碳现象。即保证了机组的正常运转,也为今后处理同类型机组出现类似问题提供了参考。     

余热电站某汽轮机组油中带水的原因及处理

<正>某余热电站低温低压单缸凝汽式汽轮机型号为N6-1.5/350。机组运行时,油系统带水问题较严重,各瓦回油管视窗上带有很多水滴。油中带水对机组的安全运行造成的影响是严重的,会加剧设备锈蚀、油质恶化,造成润滑不良、钨金磨损、机组振动增大,引起调节部套卡涩、主汽阀和调节汽阀卡涩,甚至造成重大恶性事故。1轴封漏汽量分析计算1.1轴封结构及系统简介开式系统,前轴封结构由三段薄片式轴封组成。第     

均压箱喷水降温系统的改造

余热发电系统投运后,均压箱一直超温运行,检修中发现汽封齿变形严重,导致后汽封漏汽,油中带水,严重影响汽轮机的安全运行;经过对轴封热力系统整体的分析及观察现场管路的布置情况发现,由于均压箱热源分散,降温水只对供汽热源进行降温,且喷水降温点靠前,两点综合因素导致均压箱温度不受控,出现超温的情况,本次改造主要对热源点进行梳理,只留供汽一路热源,同时选择合适的喷水降温点,改造后运行一年,均压箱超温情况得到解决。     

汽轮机叶顶汽封间隙影响的模拟分析

汽轮机长期使用过程中,叶顶汽封存在不同程度的磨损,为了弄清不同汽封间隙对汽轮机的影响程度,通过FLUENT软件的模拟分析以及对二氧化碳压缩机汽轮机叶顶汽封的修复案例,得出叶顶汽封径向间隙对汽轮机漏汽及轴向力影响较大,减小叶顶汽封径向间隙有利于提高机组效率,降低机组运行产生的轴向力。     

汽轮机蒸汽进排汽管道的优化设计

阐述了某空分装置空气压缩机汽轮机在正常运行过程中出现的振动值偏高以及检修时发现轴端汽封的磨损,利用CAESAR II软件对现场布置的进、排汽管道进行应力分析,发现汽轮机进、排汽管口的力和力矩均超过厂家设计值的要求,由此确定汽轮机转子的振动值偏高和汽封磨损是由于进排汽管道热膨胀对汽轮机缸体的作用力而引起。采取对进、排汽管道增加自然补偿或膨胀节来增加管道的柔性,减小管道作用于汽轮机管口的力和力矩,消除了汽轮机的振动值偏高的问题。     

汽轮机轴承箱进水处理方案浅析

因汽轮机汽封泄漏蒸汽进入汽轮机轴承箱,导致润滑油进水,汽轮机轴瓦和轴颈严重磨损,文章对汽封漏汽进入轴承箱的原因进行分析,在此基础上提出三项改造措施,并对部分改造和完全改造后的效果进行对比验证。     

前汽封汽流涡动间歇性振动分析和对策

动态时前轴承座偏移,前汽封内汽封齿间隙不均匀加重,去除氧器蒸汽管线逆止门不严,蒸汽压力不平衡时发生汽流倒灌,前汽封内汽封汽流激振,汽轮机前后轴颈振动数值上升导致联锁跳机。为此对前汽封汽流涡动导致间歇性振动进行探讨和分析,并采取以下措施:汽轮机前座架重新安装摆正,尽可能使前汽封内汽封齿间隙对称均匀;去除氧器逆止门靠近汽轮机本体处加装一个新的逆止门,消除和减少引起前汽封内汽封汽流激振来源;新蒸汽双侧进汽管道纵向方向限位调整;汽轮机发电机组负荷4.2 MW左右时,没有出现前汽封内汽封汽流涡动间歇性振动超差引起的联锁跳机现象。对现场遇到类似间歇性振动问题,提供了分析间歇性振动的思路和应对措施。     

一号汽轮机轴封汽压测量系统不准确的分析与治理方案

100MW火力发电厂中汽轮机以压力8.836MPa、温度535℃、转速3000r/min的参数运行,轴封蒸汽直接与汽轮机大轴接触,它的压力及温度直接影响大轴的伸缩,维持稳定准确的轴封汽压非常重要,一但出现汽封方面的问题很容易造成事故,所以对发电厂轴封系统存在问题的分析非常有必要。根据准能公司发电厂两台100MW汽轮发电机组在十多年运行过程中,一号汽轮机轴封汽压多次出现不准确的情况,从设备结构及运行方式上进行了分析,提出了导致汽轮机轴封汽压指示不准确的主要原因,并有针对性地提出了治理方案。     

多功能滤油机应用总结

<正>山西晋丰煤化工有限责任公司现有2套"18·30"尿素生产装置(以下简称为A系统和B系统),其中A系统冷冻工段使用螺杆式氨压缩机,驱动方式为电机驱动;B系统冷冻工段使用离心式氨压缩机,驱动方式为凝汽式汽轮机驱动。B系统冷冻工段的离心式氨压缩机组自2008年开车以来运行至今,因凝汽式汽轮机前汽封、油封环梳齿磨损,造成高温蒸汽漏入前轴承座中,使润滑油产生乳化现象,导致汽轮机和氨压缩机轴瓦     

新型气化型煤粘结剂

介绍一种新型气化煤粘结剂的制备方法和粘结作用机理，该粘结剂属有机粘结剂，粘结能力强，煤种适用范围广。制取的气化型煤机械强度高，灰份低，固定碳含量高。     

汽车用灯头的注射模设计

针对汽车用塑料灯头的结构特点与工作环境,分析了灯头结构的复杂性、材料性能,注身工艺条件、合理地设计了注射成型模具,采用了组合式下模型芯来完成内孔的复杂成型,同时采用组合式侧抽芯来完成外侧面的卡钩与上面的穿线孔的成型,简化了模具的结构。     

Criteria for the affinity of dyes for fibres

An equation was obtained for evaluating the thermodynamic affinity of a disperse dye for a fibre. Quantities Δh _D and K _D , which are functions of the composition of the dye bath, temperature, and state of the fibre material, can characterize the change in the affinity of the dye for the fibre when the dyeing conditions are varied.     

焊制三通雌雄样板计算机放样软件的开发

应用VC 语言开发了焊制三通雌雄样板放样软件,该软件能快速、准确地完成正三通、斜三通、顺流三通、Y型三通雌雄样板的放样工作。详细介绍了程序的编制过程以及软件的特点。     

Guidance for Mutual Disposition of Chromophores for Singlet Fission

The choice of chromophores and of their mutual geometrical arrangement for optimized singlet fission (SF) rates are considered. The electronic matrix element that enters the Fermi golden rule for the rate of SF is worked out algebraically for a simple model, but the density of states factor is not analyzed here. The model treats only the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied orbitals of the partners. It provides an approximate formula that requires only the knowledge of the expansion coefficients of these orbitals and of overlap integrals between atomic orbitals on the partners to obtain an estimate of the electronic matrix element. An illustrative application to a pair of ethylene molecules suggests that favored geometries will be those in which one of the AOs on the first ethylene overlaps with both AOs on the second ethylene, while the other AO on the first ethylene overlaps with at least one, and preferably both, AOs of the second ethylene as little as possible.     

Test procedure for evaluation of catalysts for nitrile reduction

A procedure was developed that examines the effectiveness of nickel catalysts for the hydrogenation of fatty nitriles to amines. Rates of reaction, selectivity, and olefinic reduction were the parameters studied. The procedure can be used for new catalyst screening and is ideally suited for quality assurance testing of production catalysts. It involves the reduction of nitriles to amines at 410°F (210°C) and 500 psig using a .2% Ni loading level. A mixture of primary and secondary amines is obtained which is characteristic of the catalyst’s selectivity. Both sponge and supported nickel catalysts were tested using tallow nitriles as the feedstock.     

Strategy for development of fertilizer solutions for greenhouse tomatoes

A study of fertilization practices in intensively grown tomatoes, leading to a projection of developments in fertilizer usage is presented. Targets of optimal fertilization strategy were defined as follows: maximize fruit yield; maximize fruit quality; minimize environmental pollution with fertilizers; minimize corrosion of the fertilizer distribution system; minimize expenses on fertilizers. Information was gathered by literature searches and by personal interviews and visits to research institutes and growers.Rechecking of some fertilization practices for greenhouse tomatoes grown in detached media is proposed. The review indicates that the following should be rechecked: ammonium/nitrate ratio in fertilizer formulations; use of urea in fertilizer solutions; levels of phosphates applied; levels of sulphate applied; simple iron salts vs. chelated iron application; osmotic potential (OP), expressed as electrical conductivity (EC), of the nutrient solution at various growth stages.EC, pH and estimated prices of fertilizer solutions were calculated and presented in tables.