青刺尖“金花菌”发酵茶的降血脂效果

研究青刺尖茶经"金花菌"发酵后,其降血脂效果的变化。以普通饲料饲养小鼠作空白对照,饲喂高脂饲料建立高血脂症模型小鼠,再随机分成模型组、青刺尖"金花菌"发酵茶三个剂量处理组(2、6、9 g/kg)、青刺尖干茶组和血脂康组(3 g/kg)。各组分别连续灌胃处理28 d,心脏取血分离血清,检测总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白AI(Apo-AI)、载脂蛋白B(Apo-B)和脂蛋白a(LP-a);计算肝脏指数,并制作肝脏病理切片。与模型组比较,发酵茶三个剂量处理组的TC、TG、LDL-C及中剂量组的Apo-B/Apo-AI比值,均显著降低(p0.05);发酵茶三个剂量组的HDL-C和肝脏指数,高剂量组的TC、中高剂量组的TG和LDL-C,差异均达到极显著(p0.01),同时抑制了各处理组HDL-C的过度增加。与未发酵的青刺尖茶组比较,中、低剂量组小鼠的体重增长量较小,而低剂量组降低显著(p0.05)。青刺尖茶经"金花菌"发酵后,能有效控制高血脂症小鼠体重的增加,更显著地降低或抑制高血脂症小鼠的各项生化指标,显现更优的降脂功效。     

雪莲果多糖降血脂及降血糖活性的研究

本文采用预防性高血脂动物模型实验方法考察雪莲果中提取多糖的降血脂活性。分别对小鼠的体重,血清总胆固醇(TC),三酰甘油(TG),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)进行了测定。结果发现:雪莲果多糖对小鼠体重增长无显著性影响;雪莲果粗多糖和纯多糖极显著降低高血脂小鼠血清TC、TG和LDL-C含量(p0.01);雪莲果纯多糖显著提高小鼠血清中HDL-C含量(p0.05),并且纯多糖能极显著降低小鼠肝脏TG和TC含量(p0.01)。表明雪莲果中糖类成分对高脂饮食所致小鼠血脂升高有明显抑制作用,且纯多糖的效果优于粗多糖,能有效预防高血脂症。采用小鼠高血糖模型降糖实验方法考察雪莲果多糖的降血糖活性。结果显示:雪莲果粗多糖低、中剂量组空腹血糖值显著降低(p0.05),证明雪莲果多糖体内降血糖效果。     

发芽粟米对高血脂症小鼠血脂调节和抗氧化作用的研究

为探索发芽粟米对高血脂症小鼠血脂调节和抗氧化作用。用高脂乳剂灌胃小鼠建立高脂模型,观察发芽粟米对小鼠体重、肝指数变化、血清和肝脏血脂及抗氧化能力的影响。与高脂模型组相比,喂养发芽粟米的高血脂症小鼠,体重和肝脏指数均呈降低趋势;血清和肝脏血脂中,发芽粟米显著降低高血脂症小鼠中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平(P0.05),显著升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平(P0.05);血清和肝组织中,发芽粟米显著降低丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05),显著升高还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量(P0.05),增强超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05);结果表明:发芽粟米可调节脂质代谢和提高抗氧化能力。     

山楂浓缩汁对高脂小鼠的拮抗作用及其机制初探

目的:研究山楂浓缩汁对高脂血症小鼠的降血脂作用。方法:将65只雄性小鼠随机分为5组,即溶剂对照组、模型对照组和10.0、15.0、20.0 mL/kg bw 3个山楂浓缩汁剂量组,连续喂养5周,测定小鼠血清中总胆固醇(T-CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)和卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰基转移酶(LCAT)含量、全血和肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPX)、总抗氧化酶(T-AOC)活性、以及肝脏中一氧化氮(NO)和一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性等相关生化指标的含量。结果:连续灌胃5周后,15.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清中T-CHO、TG、LDL-C、VLDL-C含量(P0.05),极显著提高血清中HDL-C含量和LCAT活性(P0.01),极显著降低肝脏中TG、T-CHO、VLDL-C含量(P0.01);10.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁显著降低肝脏和全血中MDA含量(P0.05),显著性增加了肝脏中GSH-PX、T-SOD活性(P0.05),显著性增加了全血中T-AOC、T-SOD活性(P0.05);15.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁极显著提高了肝脏中NO含量和NOS活性(P0.01)。结论:山楂浓缩汁对高脂血症小鼠有一定的降血脂作用。     

银杏果精多糖的降血脂作用

采用水提醇沉法提取,Sevag法除蛋白,大孔树脂法脱色精制多糖,并对高脂模型小鼠进行实验,研究银杏果精多糖对高脂模型小鼠体重、脏器指数、血清的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)的影响。结果表明:银杏果精多糖高剂量组能显著降低小鼠体重和肝脏指数,提高小鼠肾脏指数,也能使小鼠血清中TC、TG和LDL-C的含量显著降低、HDL-C的含量显著升高、AI指数显著下降;银杏果精多糖中剂量组能使小鼠血清中TG和LDL-C的含量显著降低、AI指数显著下降;银杏果精多糖低剂量组可使小鼠血清中TG的含量显著降低、AI指数显著下降。说明银杏果精多糖具有降血脂作用,对冠心病和动脉粥样硬化有一定的预防作用。     

复合沙棘原液对高脂血症大鼠的降脂作用

目的:探究复合沙棘原液对高脂血症模型大鼠的降血脂作用的影响。方法:将60只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组、高脂模型组、阳性对照组(洛伐他汀胶囊1.80 mg/kg·bw)、复合沙棘原液低(3.57 mL/kg·bw)、中(7.14 mL/kg·bw)、高(14.28 mL/kg·bw)剂量组,并通过高脂饲料喂养法构建高脂血症大鼠模型。空白对照组和高脂模型组灌胃等量生理盐水,实验组大鼠分别灌胃相应剂量的复合沙棘原液及洛伐他汀混悬液。给药28 d后,观察与分析各组大鼠的体重、Lee’s指数、血清血脂水平、抗氧化水平、肝脏指数及肝脏病理形态。结果:与空白对照组相比,高脂模型组大鼠体重、Lee’s指数均极显著升高(P<0.01),表明模型构建成功;阳性对照组、复合沙棘原液高剂量组与高脂模型组相比血清中总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量均降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(h...     

复合降脂减肥固体饮料对大鼠营养性肥胖和高脂血症预防作用研究

本文研究了降脂减肥固体饮料对大鼠营养性肥胖和高脂血症的预防作用。建立SD雄性大鼠肥胖模型后,随机分为6组,即基础对照组、高脂模型组、固体饮料高、中和低剂量组(固体饮料占摄入饲料的50%、30%和10%)和阳性药物辛伐他汀组10mg/(kg·d),喂养4周后,麻醉,腹腔动脉取血,测定血清中TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、AST和ALT,取体脂称重,取肝脏制病理切片。与基础对照组相比,模型组大鼠体重、脂肪系数、肝脏、Lee’s指数和肝指数等明显增加,差异显著(p0.01),食物利用率显著降低,血清TG、LDL-C、ALT和AST均下降,HDL-C上升;与模型组比较,高中低固体饮料3个剂量组的体重、脂肪系数和肝脏重量等均降低,血清TG、LDL-C、ALT和AST随剂量增加而下降,HDL-C上升,高剂量组效果显著(p0.01)。固体饮料能够显著抑制大鼠的体重,预防高血脂症,效果明显,同时能够减少相关疾病的发生。     

反枝苋水提物对高脂饮食小鼠的降血脂作用

目的:研究反枝苋水提物调节高脂血症小鼠血脂的功效。方法:通过高脂肪饮食(high fatdiet,HFD)构建高脂血症小鼠模型,随机分为空白对照组(Con)、高脂模型组(Mod)、洛伐他汀组(Lovastatin,10 mg/kg/d)、反枝苋低剂量组(AR-L,430 mg/kg/d)、反枝苋高剂量组(AR-H,740 mg/kg/d)。空白组给予普通饲料喂养,其余各组给予高脂饲料喂养,同时按相应剂量灌胃给药。干预8周后,检测血清中总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein Cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)水平,肝脏HE染色观察组织病理学变化。结果:与空白组相比,模型组小鼠肝脏指数以及血清中TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、AST、MDA水平极显著升高(P<0.01),HDL-C、SOD水平极显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,反枝苋高剂量组小鼠的肝脏指数以及血清中TC、TG、ALT水平极显著降低(P<0.01),SOD、HDL-C水平极显著升高(P<0.01),LDL-C、MDA、AST水平显著降低(P<0.05);与模型比较,反枝苋低剂量组小鼠的肝脏指数以及血清中TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.05),SOD、HDL-C水平极显著升高(P<0.01),ALT水平极显著降低(P<0.01),MDA、AST水平无显著性差异(P>0.05);HE染色结果显示,反枝苋水提物可明显减轻肝细胞内脂质沉积和肝脏脂肪变性程度。结论:反枝苋水提物能显著降低高脂血症模型小鼠的血脂水平,并能改善其肝功能。     

芡实超微粉的体内降血脂功效

采用不同剂量的芡实超微粉对高脂模型小鼠进行灌胃,研究芡实超微粉对高脂模型小鼠血脂四项指标及血清和肝组织中相关酶类的影响。结果发现,与高脂模型组相比,灌胃芡实超微粉组小鼠体重明显降低,肝脏指数和动脉粥样硬化指数也明显降低;小鼠血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三脂(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)水平均明显降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)水平则显著升高;灌胃芡实超微粉低、中、高剂量组小鼠的总超氧化物歧化酶(total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD)和肝酯酶(hepatic lipase,HL)活力均高于高脂模型组,而丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量要低于高脂模型组。由此可知,芡实超微粉可降低高血脂症小鼠血脂水平,改善其因摄入过多脂质而导致的肝脏脂肪堆积和动脉粥样硬化,并对高血脂症引起的脂质过氧化损伤具有防护作用。     

超微粉碎对山楂不溶性膳食纤维降血脂作用的研究

目的:研究超微粉后山楂不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)对高血脂症小鼠血脂水平的影响.方法:以昆明小鼠为实验动物,分别给各剂量组饲料中添加5％、8％、12％剂量的山楂不溶性膳食纤维粗粉和超微粉,正常对照组饲喂基础饲料,高脂模型组饲喂高脂饲料;40d后测定小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和肝脏TC、TG水平.结果:山楂不溶性膳食纤维经超微粉后,在降低高血脂症小鼠血清TC、TG、AI、LCI水平及肝脏TC、TG水平,效果均优于粗粉.此外,山楂不溶性膳食纤维超微粉还能显著降低高血脂小鼠的LDL-C水平(p＜0.05),粗粉则无此功效.结论:超微粉后山楂不溶性膳食纤维的降血脂效果更好.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.