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高渗胁迫下啤酒酵母的生理特性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究了0.3mol/L、0.6mol/L、1.0mol/L的氯化钠对啤酒酵母活细胞数、细胞形态、糖代谢、pH值、菌体蛋白的影响。细胞动力学结果表明:随着NaCl浓度的增加,细胞的渗透胁迫加剧,细胞收缩。与对照组比较0.6mol/LNaCl、1.0mol/L NaCl延长细胞对数生长期,减缓葡萄糖消耗速率,且分别在2h-4h、6h-8h内出现糖代谢停滞,但并不影响细胞的增殖。在生理可接受的渗透范围内,与对照组比较0.3mol/LNaCl基本上不影响啤酒酵母的生物量、糖代谢速率和pH值。说明该菌株有较高的抗高渗能力。随着NaCl浓度的升高,渗透胁迫加剧,耐高渗有关的蛋白开始表达。 相似文献
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目的研究不同硒浓度对啤酒酵母细胞生长的影响,确定适宜的硒添加量。方法用分光光度计测定不同硒浓度时酵母细胞培养液在不同时间的吸收度,绘制生长曲线,比较硒浓度不同时酵母细胞的生长情况。结果亚硒酸钠的添加浓度小于20μg/mL时,有促进酵母菌生长的作用;亚硒酸钠浓度高于30μg/mL时,对酵母菌生长有明显的抑制作用;亚硒酸钠浓度在20μg/mL时酵母菌可以正常生长。结论亚硒酸钠的添加浓度应在20μg/mL左右。 相似文献
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分别以面包乳杆菌(Lactobacillus crustorum D2-5)和植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum D5-5)为研究对象,进行不同乙醇体积分数胁迫后菌体活力的对比,测定了乙醇胁迫后菌体中己糖激酶(HK)、丙酮酸激酶(PK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及ATP酶的活力变化,分析了乙醇胁迫后造成菌体失活的主要因素。结果表明:5%乙醇胁迫处理有助于提高菌体存活率,但是效果不显著;8%乙醇胁迫后的菌体存活率明显降低,面包乳杆菌D2-5和植物乳杆菌D5-5存活率依次仅为26.61%和23.50%,菌体的生长受到严重抑制,致使相关酶活力降低。乙醇胁迫对乳酸杆菌己糖激酶影响不显著,对其丙酮酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶及ATP酶具有极显著的影响。这一结果说明,丙酮酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶及ATP酶是影响乙醇胁迫损失的关键酶,酶活力变化与菌体活力相关。 相似文献
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酵母耐乙醇性状及提高其乙醇耐性的途径 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乙醇是酿酒酵母厌氧发酵的重要工业产物,但对酵母细胞本身在又是毒素和抑制剂,为了进一步提高酒精和啤酒等生产效率和经济效益,浓醪高乙醇发酵是大家是感兴趣并在深入研究的一个生物工程课题,本文仅就其中酵母的乙醇耐受性定义和检测,酵母乙醇耐受性生理基础及提高酵母乙醇耐受性途径作一些介绍和论述。 相似文献
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目的:探讨植物乳杆菌在乙醇胁迫下黏附性变化及其抗乙醇胁迫的生理响应机制。方法:用不同体积分数的乙醇胁迫植物乳杆菌,测定菌体存活率、细胞膜完整性及超微结构的变化;采用人体结肠癌细胞HT-29作为体外黏附模型,测定乙醇胁迫后菌体对HT-29细胞的黏附率;通过气相色谱-串联质谱法分析菌体细胞膜脂肪酸的变化。结果:随着乙醇体积分数的增加,植物乳杆菌的存活率逐渐下降,菌体细胞膜完整性及其表面结构遭到破坏,对HT-29细胞黏附率降低,同时,细胞膜中脂肪酸的不饱和脂肪酸比例升高。结论:乙醇胁迫可降低菌体黏附HT-29细胞的能力,植物乳杆菌细胞膜中脂肪酸的组成及其完整性在抗乙醇胁迫过程中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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Siraje Arif Mahmud Keisuke Nagahisa Takashi Hirasawa Katsunori Yoshikawa Kengo Ashitani Hiroshi Shimizu 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》2009,26(1):17-30
To examine the effect of trehalose accumulation on response to saline stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we constructed deletion strains of all combinations of the trehalase genes ATH1, NTH1 and NTH2 and examined their growth behaviour and intracellular trehalose accumulation under non‐stress and saline‐stress conditions. Saline stress was induced in yeast cells by NaCl addition at the exponential growth phase. All deletion strains showed similar specific growth rates and trehalose accumulation to their parent strain under non‐stress conditions. However, under the saline stress condition, one single deletion strain, nth1Δ, two double deletion strains, nth1Δ ath1Δ and nth1Δ nth2Δ, and the triple deletion strain nth1Δnth2Δ ath1Δ, all of which carry the nth1Δ deletion, showed increased trehalose accumulation as compared to the parent and other deletion strains. In particular, our statistical analysis revealed that the triple deletion strain showed a higher growth rate under the saline stress condition than the parent strain. Moreover, some deletion strains showed further trehalose accumulation under non‐stress conditions by overexpression of the TPS1 or TPS2 genes encoding the enzymes related to trehalose biosynthesis at the mid‐exponential phase. Such increased trehalose accumulation prior to NaCl addition could improve the growth of these strains under saline stress. Our results indicate that high trehalose accumulation prior to NaCl addition, rather than after NaCl addition, is necessary to achieve high growth activity under stress conditions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The effects of produced ethanol and specific growth rate on the lipid content and composition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 2806 were studied using anaerobic chemostat cultures. The cells adapted to increased concentrations of produced ethanol by increasing the proportion of ergosterol at the expense of lanosterol, by increasing the proportion of phosphatidylinositol at the expense of phosphatidylcholine, and by increasing the amount of C18:0 fatty acids in total phospholipids at the expense of C16:0 fatty acids. The produced ethanol had no effect on the phospholipid content nor on the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the phospholipids. The specific growth rate had no effect on the phospholipid content, the sterol composition, the phospholipid composition, the fatty acid composition of total phospholipids, or on the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the phospholipids of S. cerevisiae. It was not possible to separate the effects of produced ethanol and growth rate on the ergosterol content of the chemostat-grown S. cerevisiae cells. 相似文献
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以sod1Δ、sod2Δ、sod1Δsod2Δ酿酒酵母基因缺失菌株为遗传材料,采用休止细胞梯度生长法,分析SOD1和SOD2基因缺失对高温、乙醇毒性、高渗透压、高盐、乙酸毒性及营养饥饿胁迫条件耐受性的影响。结果显示,与野生型菌株相比,sod1Δ菌株对高温、高渗透压和乙酸胁迫的耐受性降低;sod2Δ菌株耐受性无明显变化;sod1Δsod2Δ双缺失菌株对高温、乙醇毒性、乙酸毒性、高渗透压和高盐的耐受性均下降,表明酵母超氧化物歧化酶基因与多种胁迫耐受性密切相关。 相似文献
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