基于PSP的个人过程改进策略

在对软件能力成熟度模型CMM和个人软件过程PSP进行研究和比较的基础上，对日常工作中个人软件过程改进的方法进行研究；并以PSP方法为指导思想，重点从计划、需求、编码、测试、保持持续性几个角度提出了更有助于实践过程改进的具体执行方法。     

软件项目风险评估方法应用探讨

对软件风险管理中非常关键的部分,软件项目风险的评估进行分析,研究了几种定性的且目前比较适用的软件项目风险评估方法。从理论上来说,提出了一套从易到难进行研究的风险评估研究思路和方法;从实践上来讲,为软件组织进行项目的风险评估提供了一系列逐步改进的过程和方法,体现了过程管理的思想,对软件项目的开发具有指导价值,对同行具有借鉴意义。     

当前软件过程改进模型与标准的比较分析

软件过程的管理和改进是当前软件工程实施中人们普遍关注的问题,它对软件质量的提高、完成软件开发的全过程和软件企业的发展起到了保障作用。本文着重介绍当前常用的软件过程改进模型,从发展历程、体系结构、模型特点和使用方面进行对比分析,并对几种方法的使用范围和模型的优缺点阐述了自己的观点。     

几种软件过程改进方法的比较

对软件过程的管理和改进是当前在软件工程实施中人们普遍关注的问题,它对软件质量的提高、完成软件开发的全过程和软件企业的发展起到了保证作用。该文结合北京自然科学基金项目和国家社科基金项目的研究成果,就软件过程改进几种方法的比较,阐述了自己的观点。     

软件过程改进与软件过程支撑工具研究

软件过程改进近年来受到了越来越广泛的重视,该文对软件过程改进所涉及的相关知识进行了详细而深入的介绍,并针对我国软件企业的开发现状论述了它们在实施软件过程改进中应该重点把握的几个方面。最后展望了软件过程改进的前景。     

软件过程改进的实现

从传统的结构化开发过程过渡到面向对象开发,需要对软件组织内部原有的软件过程进行改进。针对大型软件组织的现状,介绍了一种实现软件过程改进的方法。     

软件过程改进方法的研究与设计

成熟度模型(CMM)是当前国内外研究的热点。给出了如何理解CMM的基本概念，提出了两种软件过程改进方法，即基于同行评审和测试的软件过程改进方法和基于CASE工具和文档的软件过程改进方法。这两种方法是分别针对现有软件开发机构实施过程改进时遇到的实际问题，结合CMM的关键实践而设计的。最后对现有软件过程活动中存在的问题进行了相关总结。     

软件企业过程管理支持系统的研究

该文先提出了软件企业研发过程存在的问题以及解决该问题采用的CMMI模型,再通过对某软件企业实施CMMI过程改进项目的跟踪,以及对过程改进实施资料的收集与分析,按照CMMI模型连续式表示法的过程域划分方法进行过程管理支持系统的分析与设计。该系统融合了项目管理,开发管理,支持管理,过程管理几大功能,可以帮助企业规范软件研发过程,并支持企业进行持续的组织革新,可促进企业更好的进行软件过程实施。推进规范执行、问题反馈以及改进深化。     

基于审查的软件过程改进

在简述了中国软件企业的发展现状后,描述了软件审查的框架,并对审查和其他几种主要改进策略的投资回报率作了比较,对大多数中国软件企业来说,审查不失为一种较好的过程改进策略。     

飞行模拟器软件规模度量

软件度量过程是实施软件过程改进的基础,其中软件规模度量属于软件度量的重要部分,在项目估算和决策中起着举足轻重的作用。本文概要介绍了当前软件规模度量的几种方法,分析了飞行仿真软件的基本特点,提出了一种新的软件规模度量模型和算法。     

生产过程中的小波阈值信号去噪方法

在工业生产过程中,由于设备所收集到的混合信号中包含大量的背景噪声信号,而这些背景噪声信号会影响到异响有用信号的提取。因此,为对收集的信号进行消噪,提出了小波阈值去噪中估计小波系数的软阈值和硬阈值方法,结合硬阈值和软阈值方法各自的特点,采用了几种改进的方案,分别是多项式插值法,软、硬阈值折衷法和模平方处理方法。最后给出了数值试验,结果说明,改进的小波阈值方法都得到了较好的去噪效果,为工业生产过程优化信号提取提供了依据。     

A multi-point sampling method based on kriging for global optimization

In general, sampling strategy plays a very important role in metamodel based design optimization, especially when computationally expensive simulations are involved in the optimization process. The research on new optimization methods with less sampling points and higher convergence speed receives great attention in recent years. In this paper, a multi-point sampling method based on kriging (MPSK) is proposed for improving the efficiency of global optimization. The sampling strategy of this method is based on a probabilistic distribution function converted from the expected improvement (EI) function. It can intelligently draw appropriate new samples in an area with certain probability according to corresponding EI values. Besides, three strategies are also proposed to speed up the sequential sampling process and the corresponding convergence criterions are put forward to stop the searching process reasonably. In order to validate the efficiency of this method, it is tested by several numerical benchmark problems and applied in two engineering design optimization problems. Moreover, an overall comparison between the proposed method and several other typical global optimization methods has been made. Results show that the higher global optimization efficiency of this method makes it particularly suitable for design optimization problems involving computationally expensive simulations.     

Measuring the ROI of software process improvement

Software process improvement has been on the agenda of both academics and practitioners, with the Capability Maturity Model as its de facto method. Many companies have invested large sums of money in improving their software processes, and several research papers document SPI's effectiveness. SPI aims to create more effective and efficient software development and maintenance by structuring and optimizing processes. SPI assumes that a well-managed organization with a defined engineering process is more likely to produce products that consistently meet the purchaser's requirements within schedule and budget than a poorly managed organization with no such engineering process. We discuss about the measuring the ROI in software process improvement.     

遗传算法在井口定位问题的应用研究

采用遗传算法对丛式井组井口定位问题进行了研究．先推导了较有价值的求解本问题最优解的算法，包括目前采用的经验法和基本的穷举法。然后应用遗传算法求解个目标靶井情况下到各顶点距离最短的最优解，结果具有较好的收敛性．     

软件过程集成框架的实践与思考

软件实践表明产品开发的过程和产品品质有产非常密切的联系,因此很多软件企业都把提高软件开发过程作为提高软件品质的重要手段。现有的过程模型中CMM/CMMI是很多企业采用的一个框架,CMMI模型非常复杂(描述性文档就有超过1000页),因此很需要有一种软件来支持软件过程的改进。本文给出了一个软件过程改进集成框架SPIF,较为详细地叙述了SPIF中项目计划与进度监控的实现。SPIF对CMM/CMMI有着良好的支持,经过几个软件公司的实践表明SPIF实现了软件过程可视化、管理效率化,可以对软件企业实施CMM/CMMI过程改进有着很好的促进作用。     

Metal artifact reduction in dental CT images using polar mathematical morphology

Most dental implant planning systems use a 3D representation of the CT scan of the patient under study as it provides a more intuitive view of the human jaw. The presence of metallic objects in human jaws, such as amalgam or gold fillings, provokes several artifacts like streaking and beam hardening which makes the reconstruction process difficult. In order to reduce these artifacts, several methods have been proposed using the raw data, directly obtained from the tomographs, in different ways. However, in DICOM-based applications this information is not available, and thus the need of a new method that handles this task in the DICOM domain. The presented method performs a morphological filtering in the polar domain yielding output images less affected by artifacts (even in cases of multiple metallic objects) without causing significant smoothing of the anatomic structures, which allows a great improvement in the 3D reconstruction. The algorithm has been automated and compared to other image denoising methods with successful results.     

Using Scrum to guide the execution of software process improvement in small organizations

For software process improvement - SPI - there are few small organizations using models that guide the management and deployment of their improvement initiatives. This is largely because a lot of these models do not consider the special characteristics of small businesses, nor the appropriate strategies for deploying an SPI initiative in this type of organization. It should also be noted that the models which direct improvement implementation for small settings do not present an explicit process with which to organize and guide the internal work of the employees involved in the implementation of the improvement opportunities. In this paper we propose a lightweight process, which takes into account appropriate strategies for this type of organization. Our proposal, known as a “Lightweight process to incorporate improvements”, uses the philosophy of the Scrum agile method, aiming to give detailed guidelines for supporting the management and performance of the incorporation of improvement opportunities within processes and their putting into practice in small companies. We have applied the proposed process in two small companies by means of the case study research method, and from the initial results, we have observed that it is indeed suitable for small businesses.     

一种基于模糊主动轮廓的鲁棒局部分割方法

针对局部分割方法对初始轮廓敏感的问题,本文提出一种基于模糊主动轮廓的鲁棒局部分割方法.该方法利用图像的局部信息,定义一种新的平均模糊能量函数.通过对演化曲线进行形态学膨胀和腐蚀运算构建窄带,并在窄带范围内求解模糊能量函数的最小值来实现局部分割.为防止演化曲线陷入局部极小值,在迭代过程中加入对比度约束判断条件,进一步提高了分割方法对初始轮廓的鲁棒性.对合成图像和医学图像的分割实验结果表明,与已有的几种局部分割方法相比,本文方法在分割精度和鲁棒性等方面都有较大提高.     

基于一次密钥的数据加密算法优化

介绍了关于DES算法的一些研究情况, 分析了DES了算法的加密原理以及实现过程, 通过内容分析, 简单介绍了DES算法的几种改进方案, 通过分析它的加密过程以及几种改进方案, 进而提出了自己的一个改进思想即一次密钥的加密方案, 通过这个方案为DES算法的优化作一个参考.     

GoBIS: An integrated framework to analyse the goal and business process perspectives in information systems

ContextOrganisational reengineering, continuous process improvement, alignment among complementary analysis perspectives, and information traceability are some current motivations to promote investment and scientific effort for integrating goal and business process perspectives. Providing support to integrate information systems analysis becomes a challenge in this complex setting.ObjectiveThe GoBIS framework integrates two goal and business process modelling approaches: i^⁎ (a goal-oriented modelling method) and Communication Analysis (a communication-oriented business process modelling method).MethodIn this paper, we describe the methodological integration of both methods with the aim of fulfilling several criteria: i) to rely on appropriate theories; ii) to provide abstract and concrete syntaxes; iii) to provide scenarios of application; iv) to develop tool support; v) to provide demonstrable benefits to potential adopters.ResultsWe provide guidelines for using the two modelling methods in a top-down analysis scenario. The guidelines are validated by means of a comparative experiment and a focus-group session with students.ConclusionsFrom a practitioner viewpoint (modeller and/or analyst), the guidelines facilitate the traceability between goal and business process models, the experimental results highlight the benefits of GoBIS in performance and usability perceptions, and demonstrate an improvement on the completeness of the latter having an impact on efficiency. From a researcher perspective, the validation has produced useful feedback for future research.