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1.
Volker Spitzer Werner Tomberg Mônica Zucolotto 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(5):569-573
Besides some usual fatty acids, the seed oil ofSabastiana brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae) contains up to 39% (estimated by ultraviolet spectroscopy) of α-parinaric acid (cis, trans, trans, cis-9, 11, 13, 15-octadecatetraenoic acid). The fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
as their methyl esters. The structure of α-parinaric acid was proven by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods,
conducted with the crude oil, the methyl ester mixture, and the isolated fatty acid methyl ester. Complete assignment of the1H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shifts of α-parinaric acid was carried out by two-dimensional NMR experiments
Presented in part at the 21st world Congress and Exhibition of the International Society for Fat Research (ISF), October 1–6,
1995, The Hague, The Netherlands. 相似文献
2.
V. Spitzer K. Aitzetmüller K. Vosmann 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(12):1733-1735
The fatty acids from the seed oil ofBernardia pulchella (Euphorbiaceae) have been analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of their methyl esters.
Vernolic acid is the main compound (91%), along with other usual fatty acids. In addition to the quantitation by GC analysis,1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals from the seed oil have been used to estimate the total epoxy fatty acid content.
The structure of vernolic acid has been proven by spectroscopic methods (infrared,1H, and13C-NMR) and by GC-MS analysis of the corresponding silylated hydroxy-methoxy derivative. The 4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives
of the fatty acid mixture have also been examined by GC-MS, and it was shown that this derivazation reaction is not suitable
for the structure analysis of vernolic acid. 相似文献
3.
Erik Løvaas 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1991,68(6):353-358
The antioxidative effects of spermine, spermidine and putrescine were determined by measurement of primary and secondary oxidation products of polyunsaturated fatty acids, using gas and liquid chromatography as well as spectrophotometric recordings. It was demonstrated that polyamines inhibit the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids,α-tocopherol and carotenoid pigments. Both linear and nonlinear dose/response relationships have been observed. The efficiency of a given polyamine was correlated with the number of amine groups in the molecule. Spermine was, thus, more efficient than spermidine, which in turn had a higher efficiency than putrescine. The relative antioxidative effect was as follows: spermine (100.0), spermidine (61.0), putrescine (23.0), ethoxyquin (27.6), ascorbyl palmitate (18.3), octyl gallate (7.9), tert butylhydroquinone (6.3), butylated hydroxyanisole (3.6) andα-tocopherol (3.4). 相似文献
4.
Inger B. Standal Angelika Praël Lesley McEvoy David E. Axelson Marit Aursand 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2008,85(2):105-112
The objective of this study was to test the possibility of using lipid profiles obtained by gas chromatography (GC) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in authentication of cod liver oils according to wild/farmed and geographical origin. GC
and 13C-NMR data of cod liver oil from wild and farmed fish from different locations in Norway and Scotland were obtained, and analyzed
by principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to test if it was possible to differentiate oil
from wild and cultured cod (Gadus morhua L.), and to further elucidate differences between fish from the different farms/catch area. Cod liver oils of wild and farmed
origin were clearly separated in the PCA score plot both from GC and NMR data. From NMR data it was also possible to observe
groupings based on geographical origin (farm/catch area) of the different samples. Using LDA with cross validation the wild/farmed
classification rates were 97% for GC data and 100% for NMR data. In the classification of cod liver oils according to geographical
origin (38 samples from six different farms/catch area), the correct classification rate was 63% for GC data and 95% for NMR
data. 相似文献
5.
Yandi D. Liu Robert B. Longmore John E. D. Fox 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(12):1729-1731
The seed oil ofSantalum spicatum contains a significant amount of ximenynic acid,trans-11-octadecen-9-ynoic acid, a long-chain acetylenic fatty acid, as a major component (34%). The identity oftrans-ximenynic acid was confirmed after isolation by ultraviolet, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H- and13C-) spectroscopy and by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thecis isomer of ximenynic acid was also found (<1%) in some samples. Thecis andtrans isomers were characterized by GC/MS comparison of their methyl esters and 4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives. 相似文献
6.
Nikolaus Weber Klaus Vosmann Eberhard Fehling Kumar D. Mukherjee Dieter Bergenthal 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(3):361-368
A novel process has been described recently for the preparation of hydroxylated fatty acids (HOFA) and HOFA methyl esters
from plant oils. HOFA methyl esters prepared from conventional and alternative plant oils were characterized by various chromatographic
methods (thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography) and gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry as well as1H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. HOFA methyl esters obtained fromEuphorbia lathyris seed oil, low-erucic acid rapeseed oil, and sunflower oil contain as major constituents methylthreo-9,10-dihydroxy octadecanoate (derived from oleic acid) and methyl dihydroxy tetrahydrofuran octadecanoates, e.g., methyl
9,12-dihydroxy-10,13-epoxy octadecanoates and methyl 10,13-dihydroxy-9,12-epoxy octadecanoates (derived from linoleic acid).
Other constituents detected in the products include methyl esters of saturated fatty acids (not epoxidized/derivatized) and
traces of methyl esters of epoxy fatty acids (not hydrolyzed). The products that contain high levels of monomeric HOFA may
find wide application in a variety of technical products. 相似文献
7.
S. M. Motshegwe J. Holmback S. O. Yeboah 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(6):725-728
A preliminary investigation of the bulk properties of the oil from the edible mophane caterpillar (phane), Imbrasia belina, showed a significant difference in the iodine values of the oils from mature and young phane. Detailed analysis of the fatty
acid composition of the two oil samples was thus carried out by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and complemented with 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies to investigate the degree of unstauration in the two oil samples. While these studies
showed that the oil samples from the mature and young mophane caterpillar were much the same in fatty acid composition, the
data revealed a significant divergence from a literature report on phane oil. This earlier report puts the ratio of total
saturated to total unsaturated fatty acids at approximately 1:1 (48.2:48.8, in percentages) and estimates the fatty acid composition
for the major fatty acids as 16:0 (31.9%), 18:0 (15.2%), 18:1 (20.4%), 18:2 (9.9%), and 18:3 (19%). The data collected from
the present work, however, showed the fatty acid composition for total saturated and total unsaturated fatty acids to be 40.5
and 57.0%, respectively. This work estimated the fatty acid composition for the major fatty acids as 16:0 (27.2%), 18:0 (12.3%),
18:1 (16.1%), 18.2 (10.7%), and 18:3 (29.0%). Thus, linolenic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in the phane oil. The
GC results of the present analysis were largely corroborated by studies of the composition of fatty acid classes in the phane
oil estimated from integrals of 1H and 13C NMR signals. Oils from other edible Lepidoptera larvae are also known to be much richer in unsaturated than saturated fatty
acids. 相似文献
8.
Pierre Blaise Marie Farines Jacques Soulier 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(6):727-730
Gorlic, chaulmoogric and hydnocarpic fatty acids, specific to the seed oil of the genus Hydnocarpus sp. (Flacourtiaceae), are determined only with difficulty by gas chromatography. These fatty acids were isolated in their
methyl ester form by a combination of different chromatographic techniques (thin-layer chromatography/Ag+ and high-pressure liquid chromatography). The proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of these fatty acid methyl
esters showed some characteristic signals of the cyclopentenyl ring. The presence of these signals in the proton and/or carbon
nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of an oil thus will allow us to confirm the presence of these cyclopentenyl fatty acids
in lipids. 相似文献
9.
F. Comes M. Farines A. Aumelas J. Soulier 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(12):1224-1227
Cherry seed oil, from the Rosaceae family, prunoid subfamily, is characterized by the existence of about 10% α-eleostearic
acid. The structure of the acid was proven by H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance. The triacylglycerols of this oil were identified and quantitated by highperformance liquid chromatography
by means of several types of detectors. α-Eleostearic acid was not found in the seeds of previously studied prunoids (almond,
peach, apricot and plum). The main fatty acids found in the seeds of cherry and other prunoids were linoleic (L), oleic (O)
and palmitic acids, and the major triacylglycerols were LLO, LOO and OOO. These chemical data support the botanical relationship
within the prunoid subfamily and show the proximity of cherry to the Chrysobalanaceae family. 相似文献
10.
Seppo Kaltia Jorma Matikainen Maija Ala-Peijari Tapio Hase 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2008,85(6):561-565
Pinolenic acid (5Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoic acid, 1a), one of the most abundant trienoic fatty acids in nature, is very difficult to obtain in quantity in a pure state from the
highly complex mixture of unsaturated tall oil fatty acids. For this reason its chemistry has been little studied when compared
to linolenic or linoleic acids. A simple synthesis of esters of 1a and of 12Z,15Z-octadecadienoic acid 3 using the one pot double Wittig procedure is described here. The products of double Wittig reactions were purified by argentation
chromatography, and their structural purity was established by 1H-, 13C-NMR and 2D-NMR spectroscopies.
相似文献
Tapio HaseEmail: |
11.
Wei-chang Fu Xiao-hong Gu Guan-jun Tao Jian Tang Zai-liang Jiang 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(1):33-39
Triacylglycerols (TGs) in the seed oil of Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser. (MCV) were separated by non-aqueous reversed-phase (NARP)-HPLC. Many of the TGs contain two different fatty acyl chains,
such as palmitic (P), stearic (S), oleic (O), linoleic (L), and conjugated linolenic acid (CLn). Seven pairs of AAB/ABA-type
TGs might present in the seed oil of MCV, namely CLnCLnP/CLnPCLn, CLnCLnS/CLnSCLn, CLnCLnO/CLnOCLn, CLnCLnL/CLnLCLn, SSCLn/SCLnS,
OOCLn/OCLnO and LLCLn/LCLnL. The positional isomers of a AAB/ABA-type TGs pair yielded mass spectra showing a significant
difference in relative abundance ratios of the fragment ions [AA]+ to [AB]+, which were produced by preferred losses of the fatty acid from the 1/3-position compared to the 2-position of the glycerol
backbone. The precise stereospecific structures of the predominant regioisomers of TGs in AAB/ABA pairs were identified by
atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) according to the special relative abundance ratios of
the fragment ions [AA]+ to [AB]+. TGs with CLn occupying the sn-2 position in seven pairs of AAB/ABA might be major constituents of the oil, such as CLnCLnS, LCLnL, CLnCLnP, and so on.
Some of the TGs which were isolated and collected as fractions from the seed oil of MCV by NARP-HPLC were further analyzed
by 13C-NMR. 13C-NMR data of type-AAA TGs containing α-eleostearic acyl have been complemented. 相似文献
12.
Yuko Miyake Kazuhisa Yokomizo Narihide Matsuzaki 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(12):1091-1094
High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides useful data for analyzing fatty acid compositions of
edible vegetable oils. Quantitation of each fatty acid was carried out by evaluation of particular peaks. According to the
1H NMR method, terminal methyl protons, divinyl protons, and allyl protons are useful to calculate linolenic acid, linoleic
acid, and oleic acid, respectively. The ω-2 carbon, divinyl carbon, and allylic carbons were used for calculation of these
acids by the 13C NMR method. Compositional results obtained by NMR coincided well with those of the conventional gas chromatography (GC)
method. Results from 13C NMR were in better agreement with those from GC than were the results obtained by the 1H NMR method. 相似文献
13.
Yuko Miyake Kazuhisa Yokomizo Narihide Matsuzaki 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(9):1091-1094
High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides useful data for analyzing fatty acid compositions of
edible vegetable oils. Quantitation of each fatty acid was carried out by evaluation of particular peaks. According to the
1H NMR method, terminal methyl protons, divinyl protons, and allyl protons are useful to calculate linolenic acid, linoleic
acid, and oleic acid, respectively. The ω-2 carbon, divinyl carbon, and allylic carbons were used for calculation of these
acids by the 13C NMR method. Compositional results obtained by NMR coincided well with those of the conventional gas chromatography (GC)
method. Results from 13C NMR were in better agreement with those from GC than were the results obtained by the 1H NMR method. 相似文献
14.
J. Miralles E. Bassene E. M. Gaydou 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1993,70(2):205-206
Seed oils ofSterculia tomentosa andS. tragacantha (Sterculiaceae) were found to contain malvalic (5.8 and 5.1%), sterculic (11.3 and 30.2%) and dihydrosterculic (0.9 and 0.5%)
acids. The total amount of these two cyclopropenoid fatty acids was established by1H nuclear magnetic resonance and their cooccurrence by gas chromatography. Besides these unusual compounds, the main common
fatty acids were palmitic (20 and 24%), oleic (21 and 15%) and linoleic (30 and 16%) acids. 相似文献
15.
Ximenynic acid inSantalum obtusifolium seed oil 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
J. R. Vickery F. B. Whitfield G. L. Ford B. H. Kennett 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(5):890-891
AnalyzingSantalum obtusifolium seed oil led to the identification of 12 fatty acids; only ximenynic (71.5%) and oleic (14.3%) acids were present in substantial
amounts. Data on the mass spectrum and1H- and13C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra of methyl ximenynate are given. 相似文献
16.
Recent EU legislation (EC/2065/2001) requires that fish products, of wild and farmed origin, must provide consumer information
that describes geographical origin and production method. The aim of the present study was to establish methods that could
reliably differentiate between wild and farmed European gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). The methods that were chosen were based on chemical and stable isotopic analysis of the readily accessible lipid fraction.
This study examined fatty acid profiles by capillary gas chromatography and the isotopic composition of fish oil (δ13C, δ18O), phospholipid choline nitrogen (δ15N) and compound specific analysis of fatty acids (δ13C) by isotope ratio mass spectroscopy as parameters that could reliably discriminate samples of wild and farmed sea bream.
The sample set comprised of 15 farmed and 15 wild gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), obtained from Greece and Spain, respectively. Discrimination was achieved using fatty acid compositions, with linoleic
acid (18:2n-6), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), stearic acid (18:0), vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3)
providing the highest contributions for discrimination. Principle components analysis of the data set highlighted good discrimination
between wild and farmed fish. Factor 1 and 2 accounted for >70% of the variation in the data. The variables contributing to
this discrimination were: the fatty acids 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:1n-7, 22:1n-11, 18:2n-6 and 22:5n-3; δ13C of the fatty acids 16:0, 18:0, 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3; Bulk oil fraction δ13C; glycerol/choline fraction bulk δ13C; δ15N; % N; % lipid. 相似文献
17.
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was successfully developed for the simultaneous and rapid separation for the main whey proteins, α-Lactalbumin and β-Lactoglobulin. This method consisted of a linear gradient of the two mobile phases of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile. The total run time for this separation was approximately 30 min, and α-Lactalbumin was eluted followed byβ- Lactoglobulin. The injection volume was fixed at 20 μl and the flow rate was 1 ml 1/min. The optimum mobile phase composition and gradient conditions to separate α-Lactalbumin and β-Lactoglobulin (A+B) were experimentally obtained at the 15 μm particle with a pore size of 300 Å on the linear-gradient mode. 相似文献
18.
Jacques Auger Chantal Lecomte Jacky Paris Eric Thibout 《Journal of chemical ecology》1989,15(4):1391-1398
Acrolepiopsis assectella andPlutella xylostella frass volatiles, trapped on Tenax GC, were examined by capillary gas chromatography. In both moths, the same three disulfides, dimethyl, dipropyl, and methyl propyl, were the most abundant substances, but in different proportions. The synthetic disulfides elicited the same behavioral response by the parasitoid,Diadromus pulchellus as frass. The plant origin of these substances is discussed. 相似文献
19.
M. Aursand L. Jørgensen H. Grasdalen 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(3):293-297
The positional distribution [α(1,3)-acyl and ß(2)-acyl] of ω3 fatty acids [18:4(n-3), 20:4(n-3), 20:5(n-3), 22:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3)] in depot fat of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), harp seal oil and cod liver oil triacylglycerols has been examined by13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The positional distribution data can be defined from the spectrum of the carbonyl (C1 carbon) and the methylene (C2 and glyceryl carbon) regions. In depot fat of Atlantic salmon and cod liver oil, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was concentrated in the ß-position of the triacylglycerides with 72.6 and 74.4%, respectively. Only 3.2% of DHA and 4.6% of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were esterified to the ß-position of the triacylglycerides in harp seal oil. EPA is nearly randomly distributed in cod liver oil and muscle lipids of Atlantic salmon, with 37.8 and 39.7%, respectively, in the ß-position. In general, the13C NMR-derived data were in accordance with corresponding data reported in the literature obtained by conventional techniques. 相似文献
20.
George J. Piazza Raymond G. Bistline Jr. Alexander Bilyk Stephen H. Feairheller Michael J. Haas 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1993,70(7):727-729
The butyl amide of ricinoleic acid (N-n-butyl-12-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenamide) was prepared from a neat mixture of castor oil andn-butylamine (fatty ester/amine molar ratio, 1:1.3). No catalyst was required. The identity and purity of the amide was assessed
by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed by elemental analysis and by infrared and C13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. High product yields were achieved at 45 and 65°C in 48 and 20 h, respectively. The
reaction was inhibited by the addition of trimethylpentane and dioxane, but not by water. An attempt was made to prepare the
amide from methyl ricinoleate, rather than castor oil; even after 10 d only partial conversion was achieved. Attempts to prepare
the amide from methyl-n-butylamine, rather thann-butylamine, were also unsuccessful. The ease with which secondary fatty amides can be produced from an oil that consists
primarily of the glycerol esters of hydroxylated fatty acids indicates that the described procedure has industrial utility. 相似文献