交联密度测试方法及其在火炸药中应用的研究进展

从交联密度测试方法的原理、适用体系及其优缺点等方面,介绍了基于橡胶弹性理论的平衡溶胀法、应力-应变法、动态热机械分析(DMA)法及核磁共振(NMR)法等4种交联密度测试方法;分析了近年来交联密度测试方法在火炸药中最新研究进展和存在的问题。提出了今后交联密度测试方法研究的重点为:拓展NMR法和平衡溶胀法在PBX炸药中的适用性研究;加强NMR法对火炸药黏结剂体系固化、老化过程的实时监测技术研究;系统研究交联密度与力学性能之间的相关性关系。附参考文献68篇。     

注塑制品残余应力测定方法

残余应力对制品的形状、表面质量及使用性能有重要影响，本文针对注塑制品，介绍了4种残余应力的测定方法、测定原理及计算方法，其中包括双折射法、剥层法、钻孔法、应力松驰法。评述了各种测试方法的优缺点。     

锦纶工业长丝的测试方法比较分析

应用BISFA法、JIS法、ASTM法及用户法4种测试方法,对锦纶工业长丝的常规物理性能指标——纤度、断裂强力、定负荷伸长率、断裂伸长率进行了测试。分析了4种测试方法对同一样品测试结果的差异性。结果表明:由于测试条件不同,使用不同的测试方法,测试结果差异较大;4种方法测试数据之间的差值恒定,可以采用修正系数修正测试结果。     

聚合物典型燃烧测试方法及其比较

文章阐述了聚合物阻燃理论的基本原理.对用于评价燃烧性能的主要阻燃特性和极限氧指数法、UL 94法、锥形量热仪法这三种典型测试方法做了介绍和比较.最后,展望了未来发展趋势.     

PVC异型材原料粒径分布测试方法的评价

本文介绍了三种PVC异型材原料粒径分布的测试方法:沉降法(检测时间长,重现性差)、筛分法(操作复杂)、激光法(准确方便)。     

混凝土早期抗裂性能测试方法综述

混凝土在早期水化过程中容易出现开裂的问题,裂缝的出现会直接影响混凝土结构的各项性能和服役寿命,因此混凝土早期抗裂性能的测试至关重要.对国内外研究人员提出的测试方法进行分类,分为平板法、圆环法和单轴约束法三种.并对这些测试方法进行了详尽评述,对各种方法的优势与存在的不足进行了探讨.为混凝土早期抗裂性能的测试表征提供参考,对今后测试方法的研究进行了展望.     

注塑件残余应力的测试方法

注塑制品的残余应力影响制品的形状、表面质量及使用性能。测试并研究残余应力对改进成型条件、提高产品质量、降低废品率意义重大。介绍4种残余应力的测试方法，包括无损测试的双折射法、X射线衍射法和有损测试的剥层法、钻孔法、应力松驰法。叙述了不同测试方法的测试原理、计算方法等，评述了各种测试方法的优缺点。     

玻璃化转变温度测试方法对测试结果的影响

以玻纤增强尼龙66、高密度聚乙烯为样品,分别采用差示扫描量热法和热膨胀法测试了样品的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。结果表明,材料的Tg随测试方法、测试条件的不同而变化,采用不同的测试方法所得的Tg结果之间不具有可比性,在说明某种材料的Tg时,应注明所采用的测试方法和测试条件。     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫两种表现密度测量方法之比较分析

对硬质聚氨酯泡沫两种表观密度测试方法作了比较分析,指出两者基本一致。浮力法简单、快速、适合生产单位现场测试。     

涂料和胶粘剂中甲醛含量测试方法的研究

涂料和胶粘剂是室内甲醛污染的主要污染源,对这两类产品中甲醛含量目前常用的测试方法有蒸馏法和高效液相色谱法两种.蒸馏法作为经典的测试方法而被广泛应用,目前的标准中,明确规定了蒸馏法测试甲醛的有 GB 18582-2001 ﹑GB 18582-2008、GB/T 23993-2009﹑GB 18583-2008 及 GB ...     

涤纶短纤维含油率测试方法的比较

采用了萃取称重法、萃取折射率法、快速法、核磁共振法测定了对涤纶短纤维的含油率进行了比较。结果发现,萃取称重法、萃取光折射率法、快速法测定不同油剂的含油率时,应根据油剂的溶解特性,选择不同的溶剂萃取。对于阴离子型烷基磷酸酯钾盐油剂宜选择苯/甲醇(体积比1:1)的混和溶剂。4种分析方法中,萃取称重法测定涤纶短纤维的含油率结果偏高;快速法测定的结果偏低;萃取光折射率法和核磁共振法测定涤纶短纤维的含油率结果准确,精密度较高,能正确反映纤维上油情况。     

重组人睫状神经营养因子生物学活性检测方法的建立

目的建立重组人睫状神经营养因子(Recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor,rhCNTF)的生物学活性检测方法 ,在其研制和生产中进行有效的质量控制。方法应用鸡胚睫状神经节细胞培养法和鸡胚背根神经节法,对rhCNTF进行定性和半定量检测;应用TF-1.CN5a.1细胞增殖法检测rhCNTF的活性;应用正常小鼠减重法,对rhCNTF的减肥生物学活性进行检测。并探索4种方法的实验条件及优缺点。结果上述4种方法均能用于rhCNTF的生物学活性测定,以TF-1.CN5a.1细胞增殖法及正常小鼠减重法结合使用最为有效。结论可联合使用TF-1.CN5a.1细胞增殖法和正常小鼠减重法,对重组rhCNTF进行质量控制。     

合成树脂乳液外墙涂料耐洗刷性测定方法的研究

对国内外相关现行有效的耐洗刷性测定方法标准进行了分析比较,选择了4条方法路线对大量合成树脂乳液外墙涂料样品进行测定,通过对试验数据的分析,确定了适用于合成树脂乳液外墙涂料的最合适的耐洗刷性测定方法。     

正交试验法优化凝血酶原复合物的制备工艺

目的采用正交试验法优化凝血酶原复合物(Prothrombin complex concentrate,PCC)的制备工艺。方法取DEAE-Sephadex A-50凝胶平衡体系中的柠檬酸钠、氯化钠、pH值3因素,每因素取3水平设计正交试验;称取9等份DEAE-Sephadex A-50凝胶干粉,分别采用试验设计的平衡体系进行平衡;平衡后的凝胶分别与等量健康人去冷沉淀混合血浆混合,制备凝血酶原复合物浓缩物;测定浓缩物蛋白浓度及凝血因子Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ活性,获得4种凝血因子比活;通过正交试验直观分析及直接对比法确定较优及较差比活制备条件,对确定的条件进行验证;测定平衡体系电导率,分析正交试验中平衡体系电导率与4种凝血因子比活的相关性。结果正交试验直观分析法与直接对比法确定的凝血因子Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ较优比活凝胶平衡条件一致:柠檬酸钠0.005~0.012 mol/L,氯化钠0.06~0.10 mol/L,pH 6.9~7.2;两种方法确定的较差平衡条件不同,分别为:柠檬酸钠0.012~0.02 mol/L、氯化钠0.1~0.14 mol/L,pH 7.2~7.5及柠檬酸钠0.005~0.012 mol/L,氯化钠0.1~0.14 mol/L,pH 7.2~7.5,经实验验证,两种方法确定的较优条件比活均优于较差条件,但两种较差条件中,直接对比法确定的条件更符合实际。平衡液电导率与4种凝血因子比活之间不存在线性关系,但在不同电导率条件下,4种凝血因子比活有较大波动,电导率9.67~10.34 ms/cm,4种凝血因子比活均较高;电导率12.16~12.90 ms/cm,4种凝血因子比活均较低。结论正交试验可用于凝血酶原复合物制备工艺优化,但不同分析方法结果有一定差异。平衡体系电导率对凝血酶原复合物比活有一定影响,在工艺优化时应予注意。     

A comparison of methods for measuring the effect of level of application on the relative effectiveness of two fertilizers

The effectiveness of a slowly soluble source of phosphate relative to a soluble source may decrease with increasing levels of application. This may cause yields to approach a lower asymptote. Four methods for measuring this effect are compared using field experiments in which a calcined rock phosphate (Calciphos) was compared with superphosphate for growth of subterranean clover. The methods were: subjective estimates using a hand drawn calibration curve; objective estimates using a fitted calibration curve; objective estimates using the fit of separate response curves; and objective estimates from the fit of a common response surface in which relative effectiveness was related to level of application. The role of these four methods differs. The first method, though often informative, is suitable only for an initial inspection of the data. The other three methods may all be useful for analysis but the fourth method was the most general. It gave the most sensitive statistical test and had the further advantage that it was a direct test of the hypothesis. All four methods showed that the relative effectiveness of Calciphos decreased with increasing levels of application.     

醇基液体燃料热值测定方法研究

采用长沙开元公司5E-快速量热仪对醇基液体燃料热值进行测定,文章分别采用药用胶囊、聚乙烯安瓿、乙酸纤维胶片、生胶带等四种密封方法对同一样品进行重复试验,通过试验比对四种方法的优点、缺点,从而找出最优测定醇基液体燃料热值的方法。     

A comparison of acrylic adhesives for bonding aluminum alloys after using various surface preparation methods

The effects of four surface preparation methods on bonds produced with three acrylic adhesives have been studied and compared with those for a previously tested acrylic adhesive. The comparisons were made using lap shear strengths, and fracture energies obtained from the Boeing wedge test.     

Comparison of test configurations for determination of mode II interlaminar fracture toughness results from international collaborative test programme

Abstract

This paper presents a summary of the tests performed within a Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards collaborative test programme to examine the measurement of mode II interlaminar fracture toughness using four different test methods based on end notched flexure, stabilised end notched flexure, end loaded split, and four point end notched flexure carbon fibre reinforced epoxy specimens. Tests were performed by members of the European Structural Integrity Society, the Japan Industrial Standards group, and the American Society for Testing and Materials.     

Tensile bonding strength of epoxy coatings to concrete substrate

In this study, four commercially available epoxy coatings were selected to investigate their tensile bonding characteristics to dry and wet concrete with and without 105-kPa backwater pressure. The CIGMAT CT-2 (modified ASTM D4541-95e1) and CIGMAT CT-3 (modified ASTM C321-00) tests were used to determine the tensile bonding strength of the coatings with curing time. The tests were conducted over a period of 2 years. Fifty-three CIGMAT CT-2 tests and 26 CT-3 tests were performed for the four epoxy coatings. Five failure types were identified for both the test methods based on the failure mechanisms observed during the tests. In situ bonding tests (CIGMAT CT-2, full-scale test with back pressure on) were also performed on coatings that were tested under a hydrostatic (back) pressure of 105 kPa (simulating 10 m of groundwater) for at least 6 months (full-scale test). All the coatings investigated were epoxy based, but their bonding strength and failure modes to dry and wet concrete surfaces were different. For all the coatings investigated, in situ bonding strength with dry concrete was higher than wet concrete. Epoxy-A and Epoxy-D (fiber-mat-reinforced epoxy) had good bonding strength (>1.3 MPa, 190 psi) to both dry and wet concrete surfaces during the 2 years of testing period. The bonding strength of Epoxy-B and Epoxy-C varied with time for both dry and wet concrete surfaces. Although for coatings with higher bonding strength, better correlations between the two test methods were observed, in general, the bonding strength from CIGMAT CT-3 test was higher than that from CIGMAT CT-2 test for the coatings tested.