拟诺卡氏菌次级代谢产物的研究

[目的]研究拟诺卡氏菌次级代谢产物的化学成分.[方法]应用多种色谱方法进行分离和纯化,并用NMR和MS等方法解析其结构.[结果]得到4个单体化合物,其结构分别鉴定为白鲜碱、6-羟基-4-(4-羟苯基)-7-甲氧基香豆素、4.异丙基苯甲酸、β-吲哚甲酸.[结论]所有化合物均为首次从该菌中分离得到.     

脂溶性红松籽壳色素的初步分离与纯化

[目的]为脂溶性红松种壳色素化学成分的进一步研究提供理论依据.[方法]以硅胶为吸附剂,通过溶剂梯度洗脱对脂溶性红松种壳色素进行分离与纯化,探索利用硅胶柱层析对脂溶性红松松籽壳色素的分离效果.[结果]95%乙醇为脂溶性红松松籽壳色素的最佳提取剂.对脂溶性红松松籽壳色素进行初步分离与纯化,得到26组洗脱物,主要在波长250和270 nm处出现强吸收,可见光区无明显吸收,由此推测这些物质主要是黄酮类化合物.[结论]硅胶柱色谱法对脂溶性红松种壳色素具有较好的分离效果.     

HPLC法分离狐尾葛甾体成分研究

[目的] 研究狐尾葛的化学成分. [方法] 系统溶剂萃取及硅胶柱层析后,HPLC纯化获得单体,通过特征反应及波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构. [结果] 从狐尾葛中分离鉴定了2个甾体类化合物,即6 -羟基-豆甾-4-烯-3-酮(I)和6 -羟基-豆甾-4,22(E)-二烯-3-酮(II). [结论] 化合物I、II均首次从该植物中分离得到.     

高河菜脂溶性化学成分分析

[目的]分析高河菜脂溶性化学成分,为高河菜的开发利用提供试验依据.[方法]采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分离鉴定脂溶性成分,用峰面积归一化法计算各成分相对百分含量.[结果]共鉴定出38种组分,占总成分含量的80.80%,其中植醇(26.49%)、乙基胆甾醇(10.65%)、2-甘油-亚麻酸脂(7.84%)和亚麻酸甲酯(7.16%)含量较高.[结论]高河菜脂溶性成分主要为萜类、脂肪酸酯、甾醇和烷烃类化合物,为高河菜的科学利用提供了试验依据.     

一株灵菌红素产生菌的分离及其色素分析

[目的]从土壤中筛选出灵菌红素产生菌,并对其色素组成进行分析.[方法]利用平板筛选土壤中产红色素细菌,通过生理生化试验进行初步鉴定,摇瓶发酵后提取色素,色素组分经柱色谱与薄层色谱分离纯化后以紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-Vis)与液质联用(LC/MS)技术进行分析.[结果]从南昌地区土壤中分离得到1株产红色素的细菌NS-17,生理生化特征与粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marc-escens)吻合,从发酵后的菌体中分离得到2个具有相似UV-Vis与LC/MS特征的色素组分,组分1分析结果与已报道的灵菌红素一致,组分2具有未见报道的碱性条件下特异性UV-Vis图谱.[结论]分离得到1株产灵菌红素的粘质沙雷氏菌NS-17,并从该菌中分离得到2个色素组分.     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定香椿果中3种酚性化合物

[目的]建立了同时测定香椿果提取物中没食子酸、没食子酸甲酯、1,2,3,4,6-五-O-没食子酰-β-D-葡萄糖3种酚性化合物含量的方法.[方法]采用Hypersil C<,18>色谱柱(6.0 mm×150.0 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%甲酸,以1.0 ml/min流速为进行梯度洗脱,柱温为30℃,检测波长为280 nm,外标法定量.[结果]没食子酸、没食子酸甲酯、1,2,3,4,6-五-O.没食子酰-β-D-葡萄糖分别在0.048～0.480、0.018～0.180和0.022～0.220 μg之间线性关系良好(r≥0.999 8),平均加样回收率分别为101.6%、99.5%和99.1%,RSD值≤2.9%.[结论]该含量测定方法简便、准确、分离效果好,可用于香椿果中的酚性成分含量的测定.     

17-甲氧基-7-羟基-苯并呋喃查尔酮的分离及晶体结构

[目的]研究17-甲氧基-7-羟基-苯并呋喃查尔酮的分离方法及晶体结构.[方法]利用液液萃取、硅胶柱色谱、重结晶等方法进行目标物的分离,并通过IR、NMR、ESI-MS、X-射线单晶衍射等手段鉴定晶体结构.[结果]晶体结构分析结果表明,该化合物为单斜晶系,空间群P2(1)/c,晶胞主要参数:a=10.881 3(16)nm,b=9.795 4(14)nm,c=13.347 3(19)nm,V=1 382.2(3)nm<'3>,Z=4,Dc=1.414mg/m<'3>,F(000)=616,μ=0.100/mm.[结论]从玉郎伞[Millettia Pulchra Kurz var.Laxior(Dunn)Z.Wei]的60%(体积分数)乙醇水提取物中首次分离并鉴定了17-甲氧基-7-羟基-苯并呋喃查尔酮.     

外来入侵植物假臭草挥发性成分分析

[目的]分析和鉴定假臭草地上部分挥发油化学成分.[方法]采用常压水蒸气蒸馏法提取新鲜假臭草的挥发油,气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析其成分,通过NIST 化合物谱库检索,以峰面积归一化法计算得到所提取各组分在该化学成分中的相对百分含量.[结果]经毛细管分离出27 个峰.确认了其中的26种化合物,占挥发油总量的99.58%.新鲜假臭草挥发油的主要化学成分为:大牛儿烯D,含量23.63%;石竹烯,含量14.95%;α-杜松醇,含量8.00%;6-亚甲基-1,5,5-三甲基-环己烯,含量6.79%;(+)-表-双环倍半水芹烯,含量6.02%.[结论]新鲜假臭草挥发油成分主要是萜类,还含有少量的羧酸和芳香类化合物.     

贵州黔北地区白苞篙挥发油成分分析

[目的]分析黔北地区白苞蒿挥发油化学成分.[方法]采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发黔北地区白苞蒿挥发油;采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对其挥发油成分进行分析.[结果]从黔北地区白苞蒿挥发油中分离并鉴定出64种化合物,占挥发油总量的94.662%.其主要成分是以萜类为主,其中以左旋薰衣草醇(17.781%)和吉马烯D(11.963%)含量最多.[结论]黔北地区白苞蒿挥发油成分种类较丰富的是广东白苞蒿,其共有成分中仅有β-金合欢烯、橙花菽醇、匙叶按油烯醇、石竹烯氧化物和姜烯,且石竹烯氧化物和匙叶桉油烯醇在2个不同地区白苞蒿样品中含量差异相对较大.     

曼陀罗内生真菌代谢产物抗皮肤致病真菌活性成分研究

[目的]研究曼陀罗植物内生真菌Ym311977菌株代谢产物的抑菌活性及其有效成份.[方法]对Ym311977菌株进行扩大发酵培养,从发酵产物中分离单体化合物,并研究单体化合物对2株皮肤致病真菌的体外抑制活性.[结果]分离到的4种单体化合物中的1种对2株皮肤致病真菌(石膏样小孢子菌、石膏样毛癣菌)的最低抑菌浓度分别为50、200μg/ml;该化合物经'HNMR及13CNMR分析,确定其结构为5-丁基吡啶甲酸,即镰刀菌酸.[结论]该研究首次报道了曼陀罗内生真菌代谢产物镰刀菌酸对2株皮肤致病真菌具有押制活性.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.