卷丹水提物的急性毒性和遗传毒性研究

[目的]评价卷丹的安全性,为其综合利用提供依据.[方法]通过急性毒性试验测定南通军山卷丹水提物的急性毒性及可能的中毒症状,并测定小鼠的最大耐受量.通过小鼠骨髓微核试验对其进行系统安全性评价.[结果]卷丹对小鼠的半数致死剂量(LD<,50>)大于80 g/kg,并且小鼠骨髓微核试验结果为阴性.[结论]卷丹无明显急性毒性反应,无遗传毒性,是一种安全无毒的中药,可开发成中药新药.     

排毒清火凉茶粉的急性毒性和致突变性实验研究

目的:研究排毒清火凉茶粉的急性经口毒性和致突变性,对其安全性作出评价.方法:采用最大耐受剂量法观察动物急性毒性反应和死亡情况,测定受试物最大耐受量(MTO).采用Ames试验、小鼠精子畸变试验和骨髓细胞微核试验测定排毒清火凉茶粉的致突变性.结果:小鼠对排毒清火凉茶粉的最大耐受量为36.0 g/kg,大鼠的最大耐受量为18.0 g/kg.Ames试验结果显示,凉茶粉5个剂量(每皿分别为100、500、1 000、2 500、5 000 μg)下的TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102菌株回变菌落数与阴性对照比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).小鼠精子畸变试验显示,凉茶粉各剂量组(3、6、12 g/kg)小鼠精子畸形率在1.75%～1.92%,与阴性对照组(1.72%)比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05).小鼠骨髓微核试验显示,凉茶粉各剂量组(3、6、12g/kg)小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率为0.4‰～1‰,与阴性对照组(0.6‰～0.8‰)比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:排毒清火凉茶粉属实际无毒物质.在本实验条件下,未显示其有致突变作用.     

北五味子对小鼠学习记忆及脑SOD和MDA的影响

[目的]了解北五味子醇提取物对小鼠学习记忆能力及脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响.[方法]将健康昆明小鼠随机分为对照组和北五味子醇提取物低、中、高剂量组,连续灌胃28 d,通过Morris水迷宫试验检测小鼠学习记忆能力的变化;并测定小鼠脑组织SOD、MDA含量.[结果]北五味子提取物灌胃后经Morris水迷宫定位航行试验检测发现,第7、14、21天各组小鼠逃避潜伏期无显著差异(P>0.05),第28天高剂量组小鼠逃避潜伏期较对照组显著延长(P<0.05).各组小鼠脑组织SOD活力较对照组出现不同程度降低(P<0.05),MDA含量无显著差异(P>0.05).[结论]北五味子提取物对小鼠学习记忆能力可能没有明显影响,但可能影响脑组织中SOD含量.     

中剂量螺旋藻多糖和银杏提取物的联合抗衰老作用研究

[目的]研究中剂量螺旋藻多糖和银杏提取物的联合抗衰老作用.[方法]每天对试验小鼠颈下注射D-半乳糖125 mg/kg,连续42d,建立衰老模型.给药组小鼠每天灌服100 mg/kg螺旋藻多糖、银杏叶及复合药液,观察中剂量复合螺旋藻多糖和银杏叶有效成分对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠的作用,并测定免疫器官重量、血清SOD活性和心肌、脑丙二醛(MDA)含量等相关衰老指标.[结果]螺旋藻多糖和银杏提取物均能有效对抗D-半乳糖所致小鼠衰老,二者的复合药效要强于单一药效.[结论]该研究为螺旋藻多糖和银杏提取物的联合抗衰老作用提供了试验依据.     

人参三七提取物抗疲劳作用的研究

[目的]研究人参三七提取物缓解体力疲劳的作用,为进一步开发利用人参三七提供试验依据.[方法]将小鼠分为4批,每批48只,随机分为4组,分别为对照组和50、100、300 mg/kg 3个给药组,各组小鼠经口灌胃给药30 d后,分别测定其负重游泳时间及血清尿素氮、血乳酸、肝糖原含量.[结果]100和300 mg/kg 剂量组人参三七提取物小鼠负重游泳时间显著长于对照组(P<0.01),血清中尿素氮含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05),小鼠肝糖原水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05);小鼠游泳后血乳酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05).[结论]人参三七提取物具有缓解体力疲劳的作用.     

高剂量复合螺旋藻多糖抗衰老作用研究

[目的]探讨高剂量复合螺旋藻多糖的抗衰老作用,为螺旋藻和银杏叶资源的进一步开发和利用奠定基础.[方法]小鼠每天分别灌服复合药物,同时各鼠每天颈背皮下注射D-半乳糖,连续造模42 d后,观察高剂量复合螺旋藻多糖、银杏叶提取物对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠的作用,测定免疫器官重量、血清SOD活性和心肌、脑丙二醛(MDA)含量等相关衰老指标.[结果]复合螺旋藻多糖能显著对抗连续42 d给D-半乳糖125 mg/kg·d所致小鼠衰老.[结论]复合螺旋藻多糖具有明显的抗氧化抗衰老作用,可能与多羟基结构有关.     

东北刺人参茎对免疫力低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

[目的] 观察东北刺人参(Oplopanax elatus Nakai)茎对免疫抑制模型小鼠免疫功能的影响.[方法]采用环磷酰胺(CY)造模法制作小鼠免疫抑制模型,观察东北刺人参茎对其免疫器官脏器指数、碳粒廓清能力、迟发型超敏反应(DTH)的影响.[结果]东北刺人参茎提取物5.2、2.6、1.3 g/kg剂量组均能显著提高小鼠免疫脏器指数、单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能及小鼠DTH.[结论]东北刺人参茎有提高免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的作用.     

32种中草药抑菌活性的比较研究

[目的]研究连翘(FRUCTUS FORSYTHIAE)、黄连(RHIZOMA COPTIDIS)和刺五加(RADIX ET RHIZOMA SEU CAULIS ACAN-THOPANACTS SENTICOSI)等32味中草药提取物的抑菌作用.[方法]利用95%乙醇提取药物的有效成分,以大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为指示菌,采用牛津杯法测定中草药提取物的抑菌作用,[结果]32种中草药中,虎杖等26种中草药提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑制作用;连翘等23种中草药提取物对大肠杆菌具有抑制作用.且抑菌效果在一定浓度范围内随药液浓度的增大而增强.其中,连翘和黄连对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别是4和10 mg/ml,对金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度分别是6和8 mg/ml.[结论]虎杖和连翘分别对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌具有较好的抑制效果.     

野生蒲公英联合高山红景天对糖尿病模型小鼠的降血糖作用研究

[目的]探讨长白山野生蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)联合高山红景天(Rhodiola sachalinensis)对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖影响.[方法]选取30只昆明种小鼠,其中24只造成糖尿病模型,分为5组,分别为正常对照组、四氧嘧啶模型组、高山红景天组、长白山野生蒲公英组和联合剂量组.采用自制的水煎液进行灌胃给药,1次/d,连续5 d,测定糖尿病模型小鼠的血糖值.[结果]给药5 d后,各试验组小鼠血糖浓度均明显降低,与四氧嘧啶模型组相比存在极显著差异(P<0.01).[结论]高山红景天、长白山野生蒲公英、高山红景天与蒲公英联合对糖尿病小鼠都有明显的降血糖作用.     

四种彩叶树种光合特性研究

[目的]比较4种彩叶树种的光合特性及叶绿素特征,以期为彩叶树种的合理配置提供理论依据.[方法]在自然条件下,采用英国生产的LCI便携式植物光合测定仪测定自然生长的4种彩叶植物的光合特征,采用分光光度法测定彩叶植物叶绿素及花色素苷含量.对紫叶李(Prunus cerasifera f.atropurpurea)、紫叶矮樱(Prunm×cistena)、金叶女贞(Ligustrum×vicaryi)和金叶连翘(Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl)4种彩叶树种光合特性日变化及植物色素含量进行研究.[结果]4种彩叶树种的光合作用能力强弱顺序为:紫叶李>紫叶矮樱>金叶女贞>金叶连翘,2种紫叶树种的净光和速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均高于金叶树种,而水分利用效率则相反;紫叶李和紫叶矮樱的叶绿素含量明显高于金叶女贞和金叶连翘.[结论]金叶树种的节水能力强于紫叶树种,而紫叶树种叶片的光能吸收和耐阴性强于金叶树种.     

变频器例行试验中的功率考核技术研究

从功率器件IGBT以及变频器的工作原理和工作特性出发,对业界常用的三种变频器例行试验中功率考核试验方法进行技术分析和比较,同时作者结合多年从事变频器测试技术工作积累的经验进行了验证和分析,旨在为合理选择变频器功率考核试验方法和测试系统提供参考和指导.     

Test Review.

The College Entrance Examination Board sponsors the subject of this review, the Comparative Guidance and Placement Program. Aside from the test booklet and answer sheet, the published materials associated with the Comparative Guidance and Placement Program are as follows: CGP--What it's like, Using your CGP report, CGP--A program for two-year colleges and vocational-technical institutes, CGP Interpretive Manual, and A counselor's guide to CGP. This review discusses the various inputs, outputs, psychometric characteristics, and student use of the Comparative Guidance and Placement Program. After making comments on the Comparative Guidance and Placement Program, the reviewer questions just what the utility of the Comparative Guidance and Placement Program is for the student, and question whether it has any for the college which uses it. The decision to use the program should be made thoughtfully. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Test review.

Describes the administration and scoring of the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI), developed by E. L. Shostrom, to measure values and behavior considered by therapists to be important for self-actualization. A review of POI reliability and concurrent validity is presented. The POI is criticized for the following reasons: (a) the decision that POI Time Competence and Inner-Directed Support subscales are the variables most basic to self-actualization is an arbitrary one, (b) traits defined as self-actualizing are culture-specific, (c) neither the therapist nor the client standardization sample is described, and (d) no distinctions are made between the concepts of self-actualization and mental health. It is concluded that the POI may be used as a therapeutic device to facilitate personal exploration of life style but is of limited value as either a diagnostic or research instrument. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Test Review.

Reviews the American College Testing Program (1972 Edition) assessment device for the guidance of students enrolled in 2-year colleges and institutes. Issues addressed include testing mechanics, the Career Planning Program Profile (construction and content), reliability, predictive validity, concurrent validity, the Counselor's Manual, and the Student Booklet. It is concluded that the amount of information returned to the student is large and carefully planned, that interpretation of the profile by a guidance counselor would be imperative, and that the level of difficulty of the extensive material presented in the Handbook is high. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

水产养殖知识考试系统随机组卷算法的实现

水产养殖知识考试系统基于浏览器/服务器结构,采用基于随机算法抽题,试题库中的试题以单个试题的形式存放且不形成成套试卷,按题型、难度、区分度、题分、知识点等分别进行分类管理.考生按考题要求完成通用浏览器向服务器传送,该系统使用类和对象对考生上传的文件进行实例化,从中读取相应属性进行判分,再把最终分数写入考生成绩数据库中.     

Online Reading Test Evaluation

Language test has been used as a scientific assessment tool in providing valuable information for teaching and learning. In fact,lots of online reading tests are not designed with validity. This paper analyzes those online reading tests from the aspects o     

Beck Self-Concept Test.

The development and psychometric characteristics of the Beck Self-Concept Test (BST) are described. The BST is a 25-item self-report instrument that asks respondents to evaluate themselves in relation to other people whom they know. An item analysis with 550 psychiatric outpatients diagnosed primarily with DSM-III—R mood or anxiety disorders indicated that all of the BST's items were significantly correlated with the corrected total scores; the coefficient alpha was .82, indicating good internal consistency. The 1-week and 3-month test–retest reliabilities were .88 and .65, respectively. The BST was significantly related to the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and displayed both discriminant and convergent validities with respect to measures of psychopathology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)