轻量级构件部署与配置工具的研究与实现

普适计算应用运行在高度异构、复杂多变的环境中,如何便捷、高效地部署与配置此类系统,是目前普适计算领域面临的挑战之一。为有效支持构件化普适计算应用的部署与配置,基于模型驱动的思想,遵循OMG的轻量级构件规范和构件部署与配置规范,设计实现了一个轻量级构件部署与配置工具StarDCTool。StarDCTool能够通过目标运行平台建模对计算环境的异构性进行支持,通过部署计划建模支持构件化应用的部署和配置过程的重用,进而自动化地生成与部署和配置相关的元数据。通过具体的构件化导航应用案例,验证了StarDCTool的功能和特点。     

基于模型驱动构件库的飞行控制软件工厂研究

针对飞行控制软件日趋紧张的型号进度和快速增长的代码规模,首先,提出了基于模型驱动构件库开发飞行控制软件的基本概念,并与传统软件开发方法进行了对比分析;然后,针对飞行控制软件快速开发的需求,根据构件的设计准则,对飞行控制软件功能、性能、软件和硬件组成、接口关系进行领域工程建模;对飞行控制软件的共性通用部分和型号定制部分解耦后进行分层和领域构件化分析,建立了软件工厂模式的开发平台框架;最后,详细讨论了基于模型驱动构件库的软件工厂实现和维护的关键技术。     

基于异构多核的CCA并行构件模型

并行构件技术的出现提高了并行软件的开发效率,但现有的并行构件技术缺乏对异构多核平台的支持.为了提高并行构件程序在异构平台上的执行性能,扩展CCA(通用构件体系结构)并行构件模型支持CCA异构并行构件,提出了一种异构的CCA并行构件模型.使用管理者—工人模式调度CCA异构并行构件内的计算任务到异构多核平台上加速执行.在CCA构件工具包的基础上实现了支持扩展CCA并行构件模型的编译系统和运行时框架.在CELL BE和GPU两种异构多核处理器上进行的实验证明了提出的方法比原始的CCA构件程序具有较优的性能.提出的并行构件模型应用在并行程序开发中可以提高并行程序的性能.     

一种支持普适计算的构件管理框架:LCF

普适计算的发展需要新型的软件结构与之相适应,构件化技术就是一种较好的方法。普适计算强调人、计算机以及环境的相互融合,这就对构件化技术提出了新的挑战:如何对管理各种计算设备、如何主动发现构件、如何解决构件的异构、如何实现构件间协调机制、如何保证访问的安全性等。文章着重探讨和分析了这一系列问题,并且提出了一种支持普适计算的构件管理框架LCF。     

面向构件的软件开发方法学研究

文章以集成供应链管理软件的研究开发为背景，从中抽象出面向构件的软件开发的一般过程，原理和方法，首先提出构件化软件开发的过程模型，阐述与过程相适应的阶段和内容划分思想以及机制，进而阐述领域工程及需求分析方法，重点探讨构架和构件设计思想及多种建模方法的综合应用，给出基于软件体系结构风格和形式描述的构架模型和构件模型，最后给出构架与构件实现的典型案例，所提出的过程论和方法论具有一定的理论系统性和工程实践基础。     

一种基于嵌入式软件构件管理方法

构件化软件开发的最终目的是希望软件像传统产品一样能在生产线上生产出来。软件最终由软件框架来实现,一个良好的软件框架应该能够将设计结果尽量保存下来,同时可以灵活更换和重用软件部件。研究构件化的软件框架对构件化的开发技术在嵌入式实时软件开发中迅速普及具有最直接的推动作用。对嵌入式控制系统嵌入软件构件框架进行了深入研究,完成了框架中的数据管理和构件调度机制等内容,验证了该源码构件模型在嵌入式控制软件领域中的可用性。     

基于SOAP的分布式构件集成研究

分布式构件技术提高了软件开发的效率，但各个构件的异构性也给应用软件的互操作性、兼容性以及平滑升级能力带来了问题，针对目前几种主要构件标准存在的缺陷，结合SOAP技术的发展，提出了一种基于SOAP的分布式异构构件集成模型，利用该技术能够灵活、透明、简便地集成各种分布式异构构件，实现异构构件自觉爱女的互操作。同时详细介绍了实现该模型的关键技术。     

基于GenVoca模型的软件构架研究

GenVoca是一个领域独立模型,用于设计和构造基于大规模软件重用的层次软件系统.该模型为在多个领域中实现软件构架技术提供了一套有效的方法.文章讨论了GenVoca模型的主要特征,提出了基于该模型构造的一个可复用的图形编辑器(graphical editor,简称GE)软件构架,并对该构架中的主要域、构件以及构件间的相互关系进行了分析,给出了将这些构件复合成一些不同的图形编辑器的示例.     

异构软件构件组装模型设计与实现

研究了异构构件组装方法,根据主流构件模型的差异,设计了异构软件构件组装模型,使构件对外呈现一致的构件视图,屏蔽构件的异构性,有效地利用系统资源,最大限度地为应用系统的生成提供支持。     

基于复用的软构件信息分类编码系统研究

软件复用是目前的一种能提高软件开发质量和软件开发效率的重要方法。从软构件的编码结构模型、基于构件/构架的开发模式、软构件的分类方法设计、半层次化的软件体系结构模型以及构件的变点及其实现机制等方面,研究了软构件信息分类编码系统开发中基于软件复用的设计和实现方法。     

Formal models for embedded system design

The authors give an overview of models of computation for embedded system design and propose a new model that supports communication-based design. An essential component of a new system design paradigm is the orthogonalization of concerns (i.e., the separation of the various aspects of design to allow more effective exploration of alternative solutions). The pillars of the design methodology that we have proposed over the years are the separation between function (what the system is supposed to do) and architecture (how it does it) and the separation between computation and communication     

Converting command‐line applications into binary components

A binary component is a separately compiled program that can be used as a part of a larger program. Binary components generally conform to an accepted technology such as JavaBeans or ActiveX, and generally support a rich program interface containing properties, methods and events. Binary components are generally used in a graphical user interface (GUI) environment. There are a number of benefits to be realized by converting command‐line software into binary components. The most important of these is that GUI environments are more popular and more familiar to most people than command‐line environments. Using binary components can greatly simplify a GUI implementation, to the point where it is only slightly more complicated than a typical command‐line implementation. However there are benefits that go beyond mere convenience. Binary components have much richer interfaces than command‐line programs. Binary components are service‐oriented rather than task‐oriented. A task‐oriented program has a main routine that is devoted to accomplishing a single task. A service‐oriented component has no main routine or main function, but instead provides a variety of services to its clients. Binary components can be easily integrated with one another, which permits a design where each major feature of an application is implemented in a different component. Such a design encourages software reuse at the component level and facilitates low‐impact feature upgrades. We first delineate a design‐pattern‐based methodology for converting command‐line programs into components. We then illustrate these principles using two projects, a simulation system for digital circuits, and a data generation system for software and hardware testing. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Time-budgeting: a component based development methodology for real-time embedded systems

The design of a complex embedded control system involves integration of large number of components. These components need to interact in a timely fashion to achieve the system level end-to-end requirements. In practice, the component level timing specification consists of design attributes like component task mapping, task period and schedule definition but often lack details on their real-time (functional) requirements. As we observe, there is no systematic methodology in place for decomposing the feature level timing requirements into component level timing requirements. This paper proposes an early stage time-budgeting methodology to bridge the above gap. A salient proposal of this methodology is to consider parameterized component timing-requirements. A key step in the methodology involves computing a set of constraints by relating component requirements with feature requirements. This enables the separation of timing constraints from functionality decomposition, and facilitates early optimization of the component time-budget for a complex component based embedded system. This paper formalizes the proposed methodology by using Parametric Temporal Logic. A case study involving two advanced features from the automotive domain, namely Adaptive Cruise Control and Collision Mitigation is given to demonstrate the methodology.     

基于刻面树的可重构MES组件库中组件检索

提出了一种基于刻面树组件检索规约结合设计模式的组件检索算法。该算法首先在刻面分类的基础上抽取组件的本质特征创建了刻面树。然后,根据用户选择的刻面和术语制定了符合刻面树检索组件的规约,根据该规约结合迭代和组合二设计模式给出了适合从中小离散制造业可重构MES组件库中检索组件的算法。最后,对该算法进行了编码实现与实验测试。实验结果数据证明,同等条件下采用此算法检索时间更少,速度更快。运用该算法可解决从具有可重构性的MES组件库中快速检索出用户所需组件这一关键问题。     

Component allocation and supporting frame topology optimization using global search algorithm and morphing mesh

This paper proposes a stepwise structural design methodology where the component layout and the supporting frame structure is sequentially found using global search algorithm and topology optimization. In the component layout design step, the genetic algorithm is used to handle system level multiobjective problem where the optimal locations of multiple components are searched. Based on the layout design searched, a new Topology Optimization method based on Morphing Mesh technique (TOMM) is applied to obtain the frame structure topology while adjusting the component locations simultaneously. TOMM is based on the SIMP method with morphable FE mesh, and component relocation and frame design is simultaneously done using two kinds of design variables: topology design variables and morphing design variables. Two examples are studied in this paper. First, TOMM method is applied to a simple cantilever beam problem to validate the proposed design methodology and justify inclusion of morphing design variables. Then the stepwise design methodology is applied to the commercial Boeing 757 aircraft wing design problem for the optimal placement of multiple components (subsystems) and the optimal supporting frame structure around them. Additional constraint on the weight balance is included and the corresponding design sensitivity is formulated. The benefit of using the global search algorithm (genetic algorithm) is discussed in terms of finding the global optimum and independency of initial design guess. It has been proved that the proposed stepwise method can provide innovative design insight for complex modern engineering systems with multi-component structures.     

Genetic circuit building blocks for cellular computation,communications, and signal processing

In this paper, we review an emerging engineering discipline to programcell behaviors by embedding synthetic gene networks that performcomputation, communications, and signal processing. To accomplishthis goal, we begin with a genetic component library and a biocircuitdesign methodology for assembling these components into compoundcircuits. The main challenge in biocircuit design lies in selectingwell-matched genetic components that when coupled, reliably producethe desired behavior. We use simulation tools to guide circuitdesign, a process that consists of selecting the appropriatecomponents and genetically modifying existing components until thedesired behavior is achieved. In addition to such rational design, wealso employ directed evolution to optimize genetic circuitbehavior. Building on Nature's fundamental principle of evolution,this unique process directs cells to mutate their own DNA until theyfind gene network configurations that exhibit the desired systemcharacteristics. The integration of all the above capabilities infuture synthetic gene networks will enable cells to performsophisticated digital and analog computation, both asindividual entities and as part of larger cell communities. Thisengineering discipline and its associated tools will advance thecapabilities of genetic engineering, and allow us to harness cells fora myriad of applications not previously achievable.     

用于支持契约的AOP代码生成器的研究与实现

面向方面编程(AOP)是一种新兴的编程方法,其核心思想是分离程序中的关注点,并提供某种机制,以表达横切多个组件的关注点。契约式设计(DbC)是构建高可靠面向对象系统的设计方法,它通过规定组件间的行为契约来保证程序的正确性。本文简单介绍了AOP和DbC,然后通过尝试在Observer设计模式中加入契约,研究了使用AOP支持DbC的方法,进而设计和实现了一个AOP代码生成器,并分析了该生成器的特点。     

COM+构件设计与实现技术研究

企业信息系统开发面临诸多问题,软件产业希望借助于“构件”技术提高软件生产率,但其实践并未达到预期效果:构件设计的方法学还不完善,缺乏对实际应用的明确指导。该文从应用体系结构入手,根据沈飞项目实践经验,总结出两类构件(过程构件、实体构件)的设计方法。分析COM+构件实现机制的原理和特点,从中总结出提高应用系统效率的构件实现方案。该文的研究成果已应用于沈飞物资供应系统,具有较好的实际意义。     

Selective disassembly for virtual prototyping as applied to de-manufacturing

Selective disassembly involves separating a selected set of components from an assembly. Applications for selective disassembly include de-manufacturing (maintenance and recycling), and assembling. This paper presents a new methodology for performing design for selective disassembly analysis on the CAD model of an assembly. The methodology involves the following three steps: (i) identifying the components to be selectively disassembled for de-manufacturing by a software program or designer, (ii) determining an optimal (e.g. minimal cost) disassembly sequence for the selected components that involves a computationally efficient two-level reduction procedure: (a) the determination of a set of sequences with an objective of minimal component removals via a wave propagation approach that topologically order components in an assembly for selective disassembly, and (b) the evaluation of resulting sequences based on an objective function (e.g. minimal cost) to identify an optimal sequence, and (iii) Performing disassembly design decisions based on the evaluated optimal sequence. Preliminary implementation results of the selective disassembly methodology in sequencing and disassembly cost evaluation, and application of the selective disassembly technique for de-manufacturing assessment are presented.