From user interface design to the support of intelligent and adaptive interfaces: an overhaul of user interface software infrastracture

Research on adaptive interfaces in the past has lacked support from user interface tools which allow interfaces to be easily created and modified. Also, current user interface tools provide no support for user models which can collect task-oriented information about users. Developing an adaptive interface requires a user model and an adaptation strategy. It also, however, requires a user interface which can be adapted. The latter task is often time-consuming, especially in relation to more sophisticated user interfaces.

The paper presents a user interface design environment, UIDE, which has a different software infrastracture. Designers use high-level specifications to create a model of an application and links from the application to various interface components. The model is the heart of all the design and run-time support in UIDE, including automatic dialog sequencing and help generation. UIDE provides automatic support for collecting task-oriented information about users, by the use of its high-level specifications in its application model as a basic construct for a user model. Some examples of adaptive interfaces and adaptive help are presented that use the information that is collectable in UIDE.     

A Domain Knowledge Driven Approach for User Interface Software Development

A domain knowledge driven user interface development approach is described.As a conceptual design of the user interface,the domain knowledge defines the user interface in terms of objects,actions and their relationships that the user would use to interact with the application system.It also serves as input to a user interface management system (UIMS) and is the kernel of the target user interface.The principal ideas and the implementation techniques of the approach is discussed.The user interface model,user interface designer oriented high-level specification notatiopn,and the transformation algorithms on domain knowledge are presented.     

一种基于组件的应用虚拟化方法

远程显示技术是应用虚拟化系统中的关键技术,它的好坏将直接影响系统性能与用户体验。在目前的应用虚拟化系统中,远程显示多采用图像传输协议,易产生比较大的网络流量。针对该问题,提出一种基于组件的应用虚拟化方法。为源应用创建组件树模型,将该模型解析同构为Web组件模型,使源应用界面同构为Web界面展现在虚拟端,让用户在虚拟端的外设操作传输到源端模拟执行,源应用界面的变化以组件为数据元传输到虚拟端进行更新,以保证虚拟端与源端之间的同步。将基于组件的虚拟化模型与基于图像的虚拟化模型进行对比,实验结果表明,基于组件的虚拟化方法能够产生较少的网络流量。     

Modeling the user's conceptual knowledge in BGP-MS,a user modeling shell system1

The paper describes the modeling of a user's conceptual knowledge in the general user modeling shell system BGP-MS. On the one hand, BGP-MS is a workbench for the develment of a user model in a particular application domain. It supports the definition of the architecture of the individual user model, and of the architecture and the contents of user stereotypes. A rich representation language for conceptual knowledge, a partition mechanism, and flexible graphics-based interfaces are at the disposal of the user model developer. On the other hand, BGP-MS is a runtime user modeling tool aimed at fulfilling central tasks of a user modeling component in an application system. In this mode, the system offers a functional interface for accessing and updating the model of the current user, as well as basic domain-independent inference mechanisms, support for inferences defined by the developer, and a customizable stereotype management utility. The usefulness of BGP-MS will be demonstrated by illustrating how it can support the user modeling of various recently developed application systems.     

基于MVC模式的Web用户界面建模

分析了企业信息系统的Web用户界面开发特性,研究了当前主流前端框架的MVC(模型-视图-控制器)设计模式应用,针对Web前端开发需求及最佳实践方法,提出了一种符合MVC用户界面开发最佳实践的组件化Web用户界面建模方法.设计一套抽象和描述Web用户界面组件的UML(统一建模语言)概要文件,从界面数据模型、界面组件模型到界面交互模型等3个方面完成Web用户界面建模.以一个装修行业定制型ERP(企业资源计划)系统为例,通过用户界面建模实践,验证了本建模方法的可行性、易用性和有效性.     

一种支持模型驱动开发的Web用户界面建模方法

针对Web应用的特点,提出了一种基于XML和界面模板技术的界面建模方法。该方法以图形化的方式在模型层展示了Web用户界面的直观样式,能够对模型驱动的软件开发提供有力的支持。     

Improving accessibility with user-tailored interfaces

The first stage in the design of a user interface is the quest for its ‘typical user’, an abstract generalization of each user of the application. However, in web systems and other scenarios where the application can be used by dozens of different kinds of users, the identification of this ‘typical user’ is quite difficult, if not impossible. Our proposal is to avoid the construction of interactive dialogs during the design stage, building them dynamically once the specific cognitive, perceptual and motor requirements of the current user are known: that is, during the execution stage. This is the approach used by GADEA, an intelligent user interface management system (UIMS) able to separate the functionality of an application from its interface in real time. The system adapts the components of the interface depending on the information stored in a user model which is continuously updated by a small army of data-gathering agents.     

RIA模式下电子商城的设计

RIA（RichIntemet Application,丰富互联网应用程序）模式是一种新的软件设计方式,它为电子商城平台的发展注入了新的力量。电子商务平台共同存在以下缺点：购物流程复杂,顾客很可能半途就会放弃购买商品;传统平台技术不能开发更丰富互动和友好的用户界面．不能提高客户满意度。RIA模式将C／S桌面型应用软件的最佳朋户界面与B,S应用程序的低成本部署以及互动多媒体通信的优点集于一体,使得应用系统具备了用户体验好、响应速度快以及跨平台等优点。     

Medicine expert system dynamic Bayesian Network and ontology based

The paper proposes an application framework to be used for medicine assisted diagnosis based on ontology and Bayesian Network (DBNO). There are two goals: (1) to separate the domain knowledge from the probabilistic information and (2) to create an intuitive user interface. The framework architecture has three layers: knowledge, uncertainty model and user interface. The contributions of the domain experts are decoupled, the ontology builder will create the domain concepts and relationships focusing on the domain knowledge only. The uncertainty model is Bayesian Network and the probabilities of the variables states are stored in a profile repository. The diagnostician will use the user interface feeded with the domain ontology and one uncertainty profile. The application was tested on a sample medicine model for the diagnose of heart disease.     

Integrating PHIGS and User Interface Systems

The past five years has seen an explosion of rich and effective user interface management systems and toolkits and an increase in the expectations regarding application portability. Nearly a decade old, the PHIGS input model is inadequate in the face of this variety. "Fixing PHIGS" input would be a long and arduous task. Instead, PHIGS should be adapted to cooperate, not compete, with user interface systems. This can be done in two ways. An application can use both PHIGS input and input from a user interface system to accomplish its goals. Alternatively, an application can use input only from a user interface system, but in this case it needs utilities in PHIGS to gain access to information only PHIGS can supply. Specifically the utilities are needed for application-initiated picking and for coordinate mapping.     

Framework and authoring tool for an extension of the UIML language

This paper presents a framework for the design of User Interfaces (UIs). By applying model transformations, the framework allows different UIs to be generated for different computing platforms. The tool presented in this work helps designers to build an abstract user interface which is later transformed into a concrete user interface by means of transformation techniques based on graph grammars. These techniques can be used to generate implementation code for several UI platforms including desktop applications, dynamic websites and mobile applications. The generated user interfaces are integrated with a multi-tier application by referencing external services and communicating with the application core over Web Service protocols. Our tool also allows the concrete interfaces to be enhanced before generating the final UI. The approach uses an adaptation of UIML (User Interface Markup Language). The adaptation focuses on defining a data model and a services model, and it also introduces a navigation model that allows data communication from one UI to another. The obtained UIs together with Web Services can conform complete applications instead of just being prototypes.     

基于MVC的协作多用户交互接口设计与实现

针对目前CSCW环境中用户端设备的多样性、用户个性化需求特点，通过对协作多用户接口特性、支撑结构和实现方法的分析，提出了一个便于裁剪、面向用户的MVC结构的协作多用户交互接口模型。在此模型中，充分利用MVC结构视图与控制分离的特点．将协同工作环境中共享信息集中存放于共享空间中，维持一致性：而信息显示和人机交互的语义部分复制在分布的用户接口视图中，使得参与协同工作的多个用户可以采用不同的设备或裁剪自己的显示界面。     

面向对象的用户接口管理系统NDUIMS的设计与实现

本文介绍的ＮＤＵＩＭＳ是为转炉炼钢控制专家系统设计的一个面向对象的用户接口子系统，它提供了完整的用户界面支持和从应用模块到设备的接口，其窗口管理机制和窗口构件构造简捷，易于扩充，底层图形设备接口支撑面广，设备独立性强，具有灵活，高效，便于移植等特点，可作为一个实用的用户接口嵌入到不同的应用系统中使用。     

一种基于弹出式STN的用户界面描述模型

在研究了已有的几种用户界面描述模型后,利用面向对象的概念及弹出式STN的概念,提出了一种新的用户界面描述模型——弹出式STN模型。该模型利用面向对象的概念将弹出式STN的概念和基于事件的描述模型有机地结合起来,互相取长补短,获得了很好的效果。文中给出了弹出式STN描述模型中用户界面各对象的定义。在该模型中,用户界面被看成是一个复杂的对象——STN,用户界面的所有组件均被描述为相应的对象,该模型已在SGI图形工作站上实现,并已应用于系统的开发,取得了很好的效果。     

Implementing interactive applications in C++

This paper presents an object-oriented approach for the implementation of interactive systems. This approach applies the model-view-controller (MVC) paradigm, which is modified for the C++ environment. The modified paradigm is called MVC++. In this approach the design of interactive applications starts by constructing an object model that represents the key concepts of the problem domain. This object model does not contain any user interface elements. According to the MVC++ approach, the object model is called the model part of the application. Only after the model part has been created, is the user interface designed. A collection of user interface classes is called the view. The classes that connect the model and the view form the controller, which is designed to communicate with both the model and the view. The approach presented in this paper provides a number of benefits. Advantages of the original MVC approach are obtained in a standard C++ environment, the structure of applications becomes clear and stable, and reusability as well as readability of the classes increases. Reusability is achieved by employing a mechanism called ‘abstract partners’. The approach presented in this paper is being applied in the development of a large network management system with over one million lines of C++ code running in the XII environment.     

Micro—UIDT：用户界面的开发工具

本文将介绍用户界面的开发工具:Micro-UIDT。该系统为用户界面的设计者提供交互式设计环境,所提供的进行用户界面设计的设计语言为一种非过程、图示语言。其中,进行用户界面的人-机对话控制部分的设计使用了状态转换图说明技术;而对应用数据显示部分的描述则通过直接作图和定义对该图的控制同应用数据间的关系来实现。Micro-UIDT还可将使用上述图示语言设计的用户界面变换为C语言处理程序。     

工作流系统过程建模与应用生成环境研究

提出一个“带有条件约束的有向图”的过程模型和利用“页面模板”实现应用生成环境的方法。在模型中显式地引入“消息节点”。对工作流系统用户界面的开发方法进行了探讨，提出了利用"页面模板"进行基于Web的工作流系统人机交互界面开发的新方法。并给出了基于这一模型与方法的系统原型框架。     

GI—一个图形交互用户接口生成器

用户接口管理程序UIMS是一类软件开发工具。GI是根据VLSI/CAD软件用户接口的特点而设计和实现的一个图形交互式UIMS。它基于简化事件响应模型,以使用简便为主要目标,由用户说明而自动生成相应的应用程序用户接口。它支持菜单、 键盘、窗口等输入方式,以异步并行方式为应用程序服务。它不仅有较好的交互性能,还保持了应用程序的独立和完整性。