磁性液体纳米磁性颗粒磁场诱导链状结构研究

研究了磁性液体在有、无外加磁场作用时磁性液体中纳米磁性颗粒的微观排列结构, 发现无外加磁场作用时磁性颗粒随机均匀分布在载液中, 有外加均匀磁场作用时, 磁性颗粒沿磁场方向排列成均匀链状结构。当外加均匀磁场强度为11.1 kA/m, TEM照片清晰显示磁性颗粒排列成一条链状结构, 随着外加均匀磁场强度逐渐增强到28.6 kA/m, 更多磁性颗粒沿磁场方向紧密排列成链状结构。在外加梯度磁场作用下, 铁芯中心处磁场强度为28.7 kA/m时, 大量磁性颗粒聚集于线圈中心轴附近形成复杂链状团簇结构; 沿r轴方向磁场强度较弱的地方, 较少磁性颗粒排列成链状结构。当磁场梯度从1.73 kA/m²逐渐增加到5.11 kA/m²时, 磁场梯度轴线上的磁性颗粒团簇结构由稀疏逐渐变成为密集。磁场诱导磁性颗粒链状排列结构的研究对磁性液体在机械工程、生物工程、热力工程等领域的应用有重要意义。     

磁场辅助电弧焊接旋转等离子体行为的数值模拟

目的 研究外加纵向磁场对倾斜电极TIG焊接的电弧温度分布、流动模式和工件所受热力作用的影响.方法 建立磁场-电弧复合焊接热、电、磁、流动的三维数学模型.通过数值模拟和高速摄像实验,揭示倾斜电极电弧在外加磁场作用下的流动、形貌及温度演化机制.结果 外加纵向磁场后,电弧流动速度明显增加,流动模式由沿电极方向喷射变为近似沿竖直方向旋转向下的流动模式;电弧对工件的热作用均匀性提高,热作用中心向电极正下方靠近,但在焊接横向方向上存在偏离;工件受到表面的电弧旋转拖拽力和内部的旋转洛伦兹力作用,最大洛伦兹力可达50000 N/m3.结论 基于所建立数学模型的模拟结果与实验电弧形貌吻合良好,结果表明,外加纵向磁场能够显著改变电弧的形态及流动模式,提高电弧热流密度的均匀性,并能够对熔池产生有效的搅拌作用.     

The Variation of Surface Magnetic Field Induced by Fatigue Stress

Experimental and theoretical studies on the metal magnetic memory effect have been carried out. The normal component of the surface magnetic field intensity, Hp(y), was measured during rotary bending fatigue experiments. The results showed that the normal component Hp(y) varied greatly after application of stress, then became stable after several cycles. And magnetization under tensile stress was different from that under compressive stress. Based on dislocations pile-up and the influence of stress on the ferromagnetic domain, these results were discussed.     

直流磁场辅助铜-钢TIG焊接头组织和性能

采用直流磁场辅助TlG焊进行铜-钢异种材料对接试验,分析了直流磁场对TlG焊接头微观组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:当磁场强度B=10 mT时,接头外观形貌良好且焊缝无气孔等缺陷.随着磁场强度的增大,接头的抗拉强度呈先上升后下降的趋势.当B=10 mT时,接头抗拉强度最高,达到194.6 MPa,相比无磁场时增加了25.79％,接头熔合区的显微维氏硬度提升了8.8％.接头由钢母材、钢侧热影响区、钢侧熔合区、焊缝区、铜侧热影响区和铜母材组成.其中熔合区组织由球状大颗粒(Ⅰ层)与带状小颗粒(Ⅱ层)的铜-钢固溶体组成.当B=10 mT时,Ⅰ层球状富铁相出现明显团聚现象且其中包含的铜颗粒增多,旋涡状的(α+ε)双相组织变多且旋度增加,铁基体由网状变为小条状;Ⅱ层富铁相消失且(α+ε)双相组织的厚度变薄.熔合区(α+ε)双相组织旋度增加与富铁相的团聚起到机械咬合和增强第二相强化的效果,这是接头强度与硬度提升的原因.     

Electric Field Assisted Improving the Quality and Magnetic Properties of Electrodeposited FeCo Films

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism - We reported an electric field-assisted deposition process for the improvement of the quality of FeCo film. The films were fabricated by...     

Magnetic structure of the modulated martensite phase in Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

The magnetic structure of the seven layered (7 M) modulated martensite phases in Mn-rich Ni-Mn-Ga alloys was studied using Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Mössbauer results clearly demonstrate that in contrast to the non-modulated tetragonal structure two new magnetic sublattices exists for the 7 M orthorhombic martensite phase. Based on the unit cell symmetry and atomic coordination, the additional magnetic sublattices have been assigned to the Ni site. The variation in the magnetic properties of the martensite phases has been related to the underlying magnetic structure.     

Acoustic Spectroscopy of Superfluid 3He in Aerogel in the Presence of a Magnetic Field

We have constructed a silver alloy cell to investigate low frequency sound propagation in ³ He-filled aerogel at various magnetic fields. In this apparatus, two sound modes were observed in the superfluid phase. We observed both the first sound-like mode (fast mode) which is a compression wave also seen in the normal state and the second sound-like mode (slow mode) which is attributed to the out-of-phase oscillation of the superfluid and normal components of ³ He clamped to the aerogel matrix. The values of T_c and _s can be extracted from the analysis of these two modes. In addition, a Helmholtz resonance provides an in-situ signature of the bulk superfluid transition and allows us to also determine the bulk _s. By measuring these quantities over a range of applied magnetic fields we hope to explore the P, T, H phase diagram of ³ He in aerogel.     

Weldment Nondestructive Testing Using Magneto-optical Imaging Induced by Alternating Magnetic Field

This paper introduces an innovative Nondestructive testing (NDT) approach by using dynamic magneto-optical imaging (MOI) system to diagnose weld defects. MOI mechanism was explained by Faraday magneto-optical effect and magnetic domain theory. Two Q235 specimen MOI experiments based on excitation of permanent magnet and alternating electromagnet (alternating current driven electromagnet) were performed, thus the feasibility of MOI system for weld defects detection was verified and the relation between alternating magnetic field (AMF) and dynamic MO images was discussed as well. In this research, AMF of welded high-strength steel (HSS) weldment was excited by an alternating electromagnet, and dynamic MO images of HSS seam were acquired for weldment NDT. Finally, a pattern recognition method including three steps was proposed. Dynamic MO images were fused periodically and the features of fused images were extracted by principal component analysis. A classifier based on error back propagation (BP) neural network was established to identify these weld features. It proved that typical weld features such as incomplete penetration, sag, crack and no defect can be classified by the proposed method with an accuracy of 93.5%.     

磁场诱导有序排列和自组装的研究进展

磁场是一种无接触的、新型的物理场,粒子受到这种物理场的作用会发生取向形成有序结构,从而赋予材料新颖的光、电、磁等特性.综述了在磁场作用下粒子有序排列和自组装的研究进展.     

超高速碰撞产生瞬态磁场的时间尺度特征

在超高速碰撞的早期阶段会产生瞬态等离子体云,等离子体云能以某种机理产生电流和磁场。在靶板表面的等离子体云中产生的非线性电子温度和电子密度梯度将产生磁场,场的持续时间从10-6s到约60s,依赖于弹丸的碰撞能量。本文利用超高速碰撞产生等离子体诱生磁场的一维理论模型,理论推导了喷出物诱生磁场的峰值,得到了碰撞喷出物膨胀过程中磁场增强、磁场衰减的时间尺度特征及磁感应强度峰值。结合超高速正碰撞实验,给出了碰撞喷出物膨胀等离子体云中瞬态磁场的时间尺度,并与理论时间尺度进行了比较,结果基本一致。     

镶嵌粒子周围应变场的实验和数值模拟研究

采用电子束云纹法对陶瓷粒子嵌入316L不锈钢表面后粒子周围应变场进行了实验测量,分析了镶嵌粒子周围应变场的分布规律;运用LS-DYNA对嵌入粒子周围及内部应变场进行了有限元模拟,并与实验结果进行比较;同时对2个粒子嵌入情况进行了有限元模拟,分析了粒子之间的距离对应变场及残余应力场的影响。结果表明:距嵌入粒子边缘距离越小,塑性应变越大,随着距离的增加,塑性应变逐渐减小,最后趋于零,x方向的最大塑性应变为10.75%,y方向的最大塑性应变为11.33%;实验结果和数值模拟结果吻合较好,最大误差为10.8%;粒子之间的距离越近,对应变场及残余应力场的分布范围影响越大,而对最大残余应力值的影响较小。     

Electric Field Induced Suppression of the Magnetoresistance of Dilute Magnetic Semiconductor Trilayers

In semiconductor spintronic devices, the semiconductor is usually lightly doped and nondegenerate, and moderate electric fields can dominate the carrier motion. We recently derived a drift-diffusion equation for spin polarization in the semiconductors by consistently taking into account electric-field effects and nondegenerate electron statistics and identified a high-field diffusive regime that has no analog in metals. Here high fields are argued to substantially reduce the magnetoresistance observable in a recent experiment on magnetic-semiconductor–nonmagnetic-semiconductor–magnetic-semiconductor trilayers.     

A Magnetic Field Suppresses Plastic Strain Jumps during Low-Temperature Deformation of Two-Component Alloys

Technical Physics Letters - The motion of dislocations during low-temperature deformation of two-component alloys has been studied. The condition is found under which the appearance of a region...     

Characterisation of Indentation‐Induced Pattern Using Full‐Field Strain Measurement

Abstract: In this study, digital image correlation (DIC)‐based strain analysis software was successfully developed. Its strain resolution lies in the order of 2.3 × 10^?4–3.1 × 10^?4. Full‐strain field measurement was used to study indentation‐induced plastic patterns around the spherical indenter for a polycrystal and a single crystal of pure aluminium. During indentation, the pure aluminium specimen of the single crystal revealed a symmetric indentation pattern of von Mises strain. The piling‐up around the residual impression was successfully and directly characterised by examining the sign of strain ?_X and ?_Y in the X and Y directions. However, the inward, out‐of‐plane movement results in an error in calculating in‐plane strain referred to as a ‘distortion strain’ using two‐dimensional DIC.     

The Memory Wffect of Magnetoelectric Coupling and Related Phenomena Induced by Anisotropic Strain Field

正In perovskite manganites,the strong coupling among charge,orbital,spin and lattice leads to vari-ous novel physical phenomena such as double exchange coupling,colossal magnetoresistance,met-al-insulator transition and phase separation.It is known that electron-phonon coupling could induce the split of eg electron energy level and result in a distortion of Mn O6octahedral,i.e.Jahn-Teller dis-     

磁诱导下氧化亚铜晶体的制备及表征

在恒定磁场的诱导下，恒电流电沉积制备了氧化亚铜（Cu2O）晶体。X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）的测定结果表明，电沉积制备的氧化亚铜（Cu2O）为纯净、立方晶系的Cu2O晶体；扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析结果表明，有无磁场电沉积时，氧化亚铜均表现为多面体聚集，但电结晶行为表现不同，在磁诱导下Cu2O电结晶径向生长的速率明显优于轴向生长，并出现孔洞现象。