基于Kano模型的户外净水器改进设计研究

目的 根据用户需求对当前市场户外净水器进行改进设计,可大幅提高用户对产品的满意度。方法 通过调研分析用户对当前户外净水器的使用感受及需求,基于Kano模型按照必备质量、期望质量以及魅力质量对用户需求进行划分,根据分类结果进行用户诉求分析,深度挖掘用户潜在需求,获取需求重要度排序及现有产品的不足,以确定提高用户满意度的核心需求。结论 从“体积小型化”及“补充能量”两方面对户外净水器进行改进设计。设计净水器拉伸结构及营养素补充结构,满足用户核心需求,提高户外运动饮水品质。     

基于Kano需求模型的户外茶具设计研究

目的 为增添消费群体在户外活动中的饮茶乐趣,在满足实用性的前提下,构建基于Kano模型的户外茶具设计开发流程,以快速定位用户需求。方法 采用抽样调查和案例分析法对目前户外茶具的问题进行深入剖析,明确用户对产品的使用感受;为进一步挖掘设计目标,通过建立用户体验旅程图将饮茶体验过程进行可视化表达;以功能属性、外观属性和安全属性3个设计维度为导向,基于Kano模型和用户满意度系数（SI）与不满意度系数（DSI）,实现需求的层次性分类与重点改良方向;借助3D打印技术和用户测评验证产品方案的可用性,对用户测评的反馈期望进行设计修正与完善。结果 在前期基础性研究之上,通过用户研究方法、Kano模型与3D打印的结合,构建以用户魅力型质量需求、期望型质量需求和必备型质量需求为主的茶具设计模式。结论 通过Kano模型的拓展研究,在户外茶具设计分析中,可实现茶具设计的整体构思,有利于推动概念产品的市场转化。     

基于用户需求分类与重要度评价的产品创新方法研究

目的为了提升用户需求驱动的产品创新设计满意度,提出一种基于用户需求分类与重要度评价的产品创新方法。方法通过Kano模型分析方法实现用户需求分类,利用四象限模型识别重要用户需求。建立用户满意度与产品质量之间的函数关系并定义调整系数,从而获取用户需求重要度,并结合重要用户需求实现产品创新。结论以家用电动洗车器的用户需求分析为例,对于基于Kano模型的用户需求分类和重要度评价方法进行了验证。     

基于Kano模型的老年人智能手机APP用户界面设计研究

目的为老年人智能手机APP用户界面设计提供有益的方法借鉴。方法采用Kano模型,对APP用户界面设计属性进行分类,区分出设计属性中的魅力属性、期望属性、基本属性、无关属性和逆向属性,结合用户满意度提升指数SII与用户不满意度降低指数DDI,有针对性地对老年人智能手机APP用户界面进行设计,最大程度地提高老年人对智能手机APP用户界面的满意度。结论 Kano模型能很好地运用于老年人智能手机APP用户界面设计上,更有效率地提高老年人对APP用户界面的满意度。     

天津市井文化意象元素的提取与创意设计研究

目的 准确探究出用户对市井文化产品的创新设计偏好与需求,进行天津市井文化意象元素创意设计研究。方法 运用文化三层次理论对天津市井文化的意象元素进行拆分探究,结合Kano模型对文化属性进行品质要素分类,对应消费者偏好满意度分析,挖掘出用户对市井文化创意产品的需求要素,将需求要素对应的目标意象进行可视化表达,明确可用于设计的意象元素。结果 得出天津市井文化元素属性中的形态、色彩、情感共鸣、审美价值情趣是魅力型需求;实际生活使用需求、具有故事联想性、互动体验性是期望型需求,当创意产品满足这几项设计要素可以提高用户满意度。结论 通过文创产品的文化功能属性确定,优选天津市井文化意象元素,完成文化元素有效应用于生活,从而为市井文化创意产品的创新设计提供参考。     

基于Kano模型的颈颅电磁治疗仪造型设计

目的 深入了解医患双方需求,提高医疗器械产品的设计水平和医患双方对于医疗器械产品的满意度.方法 以Kano模型为基础调研医患双方对于医疗器械产品的需求,并对医患双方的需求进行对比和分析.专家团队对医患双方的需求进行筛选,设计师根据选择后的需求进行医疗器械产品造型设计.通过用户体验测试验证设计方案,并对用户体验测试中的不足进行修改并完善设计.结果 医患双方在经颅电磁治疗仪的设计需求上存在差异,在造型设计、交互设计需求上的差异较小,在功能设计需求上的差异较大.结论 通过Kano模型调研医患双方的用户需求、专家分析、用户体验测试三种方法的结合,以经颅电磁治疗仪造型设计为例进行研究,验证了该方法的可行性,为提高医疗器械产品的用户满意度提供了设计参考.     

产品机能转化需求层级的设计方法研究

目的用一种基于产品机能分析及Kano模型的设计方法来优化产品设计与开发流程。方法通过机能分析,得到产品各机能及次机能,并将次机能转换成为用户需求,通过Kano模型对用户需求进行分类,得到不同层级的用户需求后转化成不同层级的设计特征,以无线路由器的设计为案例,探讨本方法在产品设计流程中的有效性。结论该方法能够直观地体现用户对产品不同层级的需求,有利于优化产品设计流程,制定机能设计规范,明确设计目标,提高用户满意度。     

基于Kano-TRIZ的中老年户外腰背按摩器设计研究

目的 分析户外腰背按摩器的用户需求,在此基础上对其进行分类并完成优先级排序,以找到提高用户满意度的需求项,进而为户外腰背按摩器的创新设计提供新的参考。方法 通过文献分析法和访谈法得出户外腰背按摩器的用户初始需求项;运用KJ法归纳用户需求;结合调查问卷和Kano模型进行筛选,得出中老年人对户外腰背按摩器的四个需求属性类别及排序;借助TRIZ理论分析工具进行设计实践。结果 户外腰背按摩器的基本型需求和期望型需求主要体现在产品操作简单,结构简单稳固及滚轮防滑;魅力型需求主要体现在腰背部按摩、提供按摩滚轮、按摩器高度可调节的功能方面。结论 通过对中老年人的需求属性分析,为今后户外健身器材提供新的设计思路与参考。     

基于Kano模型的用户需求指标体系研究

用户需求是产品设计的源头,设计的目的是为了开发出满足用户需求的产品.本文基于产品的质量指标体系,用Kano模型对用户需求项目进行研究,分析消费者对产品在时间、质量、经济性、服务、社会性等方面的需求,制订了基于Kano模型的用户需求指标体系,为用户需求的知识获取、QFD方法应用及智能设计打下基础.     

基于Kano模型的办公桌功能改进设计研究

目的 针对现有办公桌功能繁多却不能较好满足用户需求的问题,运用Kano模型分析用户对办公桌的功能需求属性,辅助评判相关功能对用户满意度的影响,以此为依据引导办公桌的功能改进设计。方法 首先通过桌面研究与用户访谈的方法采集用户反馈,提炼用户对办公桌的功能需求点;其次根据功能需求点编制收集Kano问卷,借助Kano评价结果对功能属性进行筛选与归类;最后结合Better-Worse系数分析,构建四分位图,明确用户对功能需求的优先级。结果 准确定位办公桌的功能设计要素,对办公桌进行功能改进设计,以此提高用户体验与满意度。结论 从用户需求的角度出发,运用Kano模型分析法能够直观展现用户对办公桌各项功能的需求程度,为办公桌改进设计指明重点方向,也为类似产品的用户需求研究提供参考。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...