熔锥光纤耦合器的应变研究

本文利用悬臂梁对单模熔锥光结耦合器的耦合比与应变的关系进行了研究。实验表明耦合器的耦合比不但对应变敏感,而且变化有单调性,因此,熔锥形单模光纤耦合器是一种有潜力的光纤应变传感器。     

熔锥型熊猫光纤耦合器附加损耗分析

从熊猫光纤在火焰中熔融拉伸的实际变形过程出发,通过数值计算和实验分析了应力区、偏振主轴间存在角度误差及熔融拉锥工艺参数等因素对附加损耗的影响机理,并指明应力区是影响熔锥型熊猫光纤耦合器附加损耗的主要原因.数值计算和实验结论对熔锥型熊猫光纤耦合器的工艺改进具有一定的指导意义.     

用超模理论分析光栅耦合器型滤波器的特性

从实际测量的耦合器的形状出发,运用耦合的超模理论分析了在普通2×2光纤耦合器的熔锥区写入光栅制作滤波器的特性,并对不同类型的耦合器进行了比较。研究表明,即使在普通的耦合器上写入布拉格光栅,同样可以获得波长选择滤波器,并且存在最佳光栅位置和光栅长度。同时提出了获得窄线宽、边带抑制的滤波器的新方法,即在熔锥区写入非线性啁啾光栅。     

熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器分光比的依赖性研究

基于耦合模理论,推导了熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器快慢轴耦合系数的关系式。通过对标准3 dB保偏光纤耦合器的偏振依赖性、波长依赖性、温度依赖性、双折射依赖性所引起的分光比变化的分析,得出了不同依赖因素对标准3 dB耦合器分光比稳定性影响程度的大小。分析结果表明,保偏光纤耦合器的双折射依赖性十分显著;波长依赖性和温度依赖性其次;在一定的工艺条件下,偏振依赖性可以忽略。另外,耦合器的固有双折射越大,分光比波动越大。所得结论对制作熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器的光纤选择、拉制工艺、封装工艺的优化和改进有重要意义。     

熔锥型光纤器件微观结构对光学性能的影响

针对熔锥型光纤耦合器存在的性能一致性差、损耗高和隔离度低等问题,利用耦合模方程,通过Matlab软件计算发现,光纤折射率0.02的变化可以使耦合器的分光比变化1个周期;基于分子振动理论,得出了光纤玻璃红外光谱特征峰与Si-O-Si键角的本质关联,并推导了键角、分子体积和折射率间的关系表达式;通过显微红外光谱测试发现,光纤耦合器熔锥区的折射率分布不均匀,其锥区的折射率最小,熔区次之,裸光纤最大,并且拉锥速度变化50 μm/s,折射率大约变化0.002,这将严重影响耦合器的光学性能.     

熔锥型光纤耦合器的制备与测试

论述了熔锥型光纤耦合器的功率耦合理论，利用熔融拉锥法制得了3dB单模光纤耦合器。利用可调谐光源和光谱分析仪组成的光学测试系统，测试了熔锥型光纤耦合器的附加损耗、方向性与均匀性等光学性能。实验表明，该方法具有制作简单、较低的附加损耗和良好的方向性等优点。利用扫描电子显微镜观察了光纤耦合器的表面，发现在光纤耦合器的锥区存在微裂纹，并且拉伸速度越快，微裂纹越明显；在光纤耦合器的耦合区．光纤表面存在微小晶粒，且拉伸速度越慢，晶粒越粗大。     

一体式高功率光纤泵浦耦合器及其制作技术

一种自行研发的的高功率光纤泵浦耦合器,采用一种光纤点熔技术制作,耦合区完全熔融为一体,该耦合器预定用于高功率光纤激光器和光纤放大器,泵浦耦合效率大于95%,插入损耗小于0.28dB,功率耐受能力不小于16.6W,结构稳定,可靠性高。     

熔锥型单模光纤耦合器模型的优化研究

在弱导和弱耦合近似条件下,对光纤耦合器的几何形状做近似处理,并采用连续函数进行描述.根据Snyderd的局部模式理论,采用三角波与高斯波的变系数叠加函数对光纤耦合器纵向各区域的光模场分布进行描述.利用局部模耦合理论和变分法计算分析光纤耦合器纵向各区域的传播常数和耦合系数,讨论耦合系数与结构参数和波长的关系.计算表明:光纤耦合器熔锥区对光纤耦合器中的光功率耦合行为的影响不可忽略,光纤纤芯半径和包层半径对耦合区和熔锥区的耦合系数的影响成相反趋势.因此,可以通过合理控制耦合器的结构参数,制作出宽带平坦光纤耦合器.     

熔锥型光纤侧面泵浦耦合器的研究

该文采用泵浦光纤预拉方法得到一款泵浦耦合效率82%,信号光通过率98%,信号输入与泵浦输入隔离度33 dB,泵浦光反向隔离度24 dB的高效熔锥型侧面泵浦耦合器。将该耦合器应用于自制的20 W脉冲激光器,实现了峰值功率为7 kW的稳定激光输出。研究结果表明,所研制的熔锥型光纤侧面泵浦耦合器在高功率光纤激光器和光纤放大器中具有很好的应用前景。     

熔锥型光纤耦合器折射率传感特性研究

构建了熔锥型光纤耦合器微米量级下的波导结构模型。利用光束传播法对光功率在熔锥型光纤耦合器模型中的分布变化进行了数值模拟,分析得到了在不同折射率环境下耦合器输出光谱响应图的变化规律。依据微米量级光纤倏逝场耦合模理论,搭建基于熔锥型光纤耦合器结构模型的传感实验系统,研究了其透射光谱与外界蔗糖溶液折射率的变化关系。理论模拟和实验结果表明,当外界环境溶液折射率在1.3330～1.4000范围内变化时,传感结构透射光谱的漂移与折射率变化呈现良好的线性关系,响应灵敏度能够达到2272.7569 nm/RIU。该折射率传感结构测量范围宽,响应速度快,结构紧凑,传感光路搭建操作简单。     

光纤耦合器及其应用

光纤耦合器是一种定向耦合器,是光纤通信系统中重要器件之一．虽然目前光纤耦合器的大部分应用还只涉及到它的线性特性,但是耦合器中的非线性效应自1982年起就开始研究,其中一个重要应用是全光开关．介绍了光纤耦合器的基本结构及工作原理,重点对光纤耦合器进行了线性与非线性理论分析,具体介绍了几种光纤耦合器的应用实例．     

Experimental network synchronization via plastic optical fiber

In this paper, network synchronization of coupled Chua’s circuits in star configuration is experimentally studied. In particular, plastic optical fiber (POF) is used in the network like communication channels among chaotic nodes to achieve synchronization. The master signal is sent to multiple slaves through a fiber optical coupler with corresponding electrical/optical and optical/electrical stages. An application to encrypted chaotic communication to transmit analogical signal and image messages to multiple receivers is also given.     

工艺参数对光纤耦合器性能影响的实验研究

以六轴光纤耦合机为实验平台,利用电子表面扫描显微镜观察了光纤耦合器的微观结构形貌,研究了熔融拉锥光纤耦合器的工艺参数、性能以及微观结构三者之间的相关规律。     

光纤耦合器与速度干涉仪的灵敏度

通过改进光纤定向耦合器的结构,可以显著提高光纤速度干涉仪的灵敏度.该文从熔融拉锥型光纤定向耦合器的数学模型出发进行研究,详细分析了2×2和3×3型光纤定向耦合器在全光纤速度干涉仪(AFVISAR)中的具体作用,并对此两种结构的光纤速度干涉仪的性能(主要是灵敏度)的优劣进行了对比分析,表现出3×3型光纤定向耦合器构成的两端探测系统的优越性.最后提出采用N×N型光纤定向耦合器可能带来的光纤速度干涉仪性能的提高和适用局限性.     

Microstructure analysis in the coupling region of fiber coupler with a novel electrical micro-heater

Fused-tapered fiber coupler is widely used in optical-fiber communication, optical-fiber sensor and optical signal processing. Its optical performance is mainly determined by the glass properties in the coupling region. In this study, the effect of fused biconical taper (FBT) process on glass microstructure of fiber coupler was investigated by testing the microstructure of the cross-section of coupling region. The fiber coupler is fabricated with a novel home-designed electrical heater. Our experimental results show that the boundary between fiber core and fiber cladding become vague or indistinct after FBT under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Ge²⁺ in fiber core diffuses into fiber cladding. Crystallizations are observed in coupling region under scanning electron microscope (SEM) and microscopic infrared (IR), and the micro crystallizations become smaller with the drawing speed increasing. The wave number of fiberglass increases after FBT and it is in proportion to the drawing speed. The analysis of the microstructure in the coupling region explored the mechanism of the improvement in the performance of fiber couplers which can be used for the guidance of fabrication process.     

布拉格光栅辅助型上下话路滤波器的实验制作

采用波长为248nm的紫外光,在由标准单模光纤和自制的高掺锗光敏光纤熔融拉锥制作的2×2光纤失配耦合器上写入光纤光栅,实现了全光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)辅助失配耦合器型上下话路滤波器,并测试了器件的传输特性,器件的插入损耗和回波损耗分别为6.74dB和-18.84dB。用10Gbps的光信号进行了传输实验,分别测试了下话路前、后信号的眼图。与输入信号相比,下话路信号的信噪比从10.04dB降低到了9.27dB,信号的消光比从8.89dB降低到了4.68dB。     

Development of miniature optical fiber hybrid WDM coupler employing the FBT technology

An innovative technique for fabricating the optical fiber hybrid wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) coupler is presented. The device is comprised of two components, a wavelength division multiplexer and an optical fiber coupler, in a miniature stainless steel tube. The outstanding features of the ultra-low polarization dependent loss (PDL) under 0.05 dB and the compact size of ∅3.5 × 65 mm for bare-fiber type of package are accomplished by using the pioneering methodology combining the main techniques of twisted and parallel fusion processes in the fused biconical taper (FBT) technology. Besides, its miniaturization is more competitive in both of the applications of optical communication and sensing systems where a compact-sized package is required for extending the flexibility of installation.     

基于3dB光纤耦合器构成的Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪稳定控制系统

Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪（MZI）是一种利用光干涉原理制成的仪器,具有体积小、重量轻、结构紧凑、抗电磁干扰和灵敏度高等优点。但是,Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪是一种非平衡并行结构,易受环境等因素影响导致其性能不稳定。因此,高性能测量系统和通信系统对光纤干涉仪的稳定工作提出了严格的要求。提出了一种基于3 dB光纤耦合器构成的Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的稳定控制系统,其目的是通过对探测器的输出信号进行调制,并反馈到光纤干涉仪的一臂上进行偏置控制,从而实现Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪的稳定工作。该方法实现简单,克服了现有3 dB光纤耦合器构成的Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪不能稳定工作的问题。     

Tunable time delay in active fiber Bragg grating coupler

Slowing down velocity and controlling time delay of optical pulses in fiber have many potential applications in optical com-munication systems,and a number of theoretical and experimental studies have been done.In this paper,the transmission spectrum and reflective spectrum of active fiber Bragg grating(FBG)couplers are studied,and the analytic expressions of dispersion and time delay are obtained.By changing the detuning and gain coefficient,different dispersions and time delays in active fiber Bragg grating coupler are obtained.The results show that different detunings and gain coefficients can result in various time delays,and thus tunable time delay could be achieved by changing signal frequency or gain coefficient.     

Selective fused couplers consisting of a mismatched twin-core fiberand a standard optical fiber

This paper demonstrates a novel selective fused coupler consisting a mismatched twin-core fiber and an ordinary optical fiber. Selective coupling of over 99% has been achieved between the high NA core of the twin-core fiber and the ordinary optical fiber core with insertion loss as low as 0.04 dB. The coupler can be made easily on a standard fused coupler rig. We also studied the principle of the device. The device opens a variety of applications so far limited by the difficulty in simultaneous accessing the both cores of a mismatched twin-core fiber