腐植土层镍红土矿常压硫酸浸出

对采用常压硫酸浸出工艺处理镍红土矿沉积物中的腐植土矿层进行了研究.本工艺包括浸出腐植土矿料、中和浸出矿浆和从母液中沉镍.为了确定试验条件,进行了一系列试验.试验结果表明,根据腐植土矿样的镍沉淀物的定量分析,镍的总回收率可达80%以上.本研究中最简单最经济的沉镍方式是使用石灰作为沉淀剂.也可采用一些别的沉镍方法,以使沉镍产物满足市场需要.     

不同基底非晶态镍钨合金电沉积中氢的作用

研究了三种材质基底上非晶态镍钨合金电沉积过程中阴极析出氢的影响。结果表明，玻璃碳中氢的吸收不可能发生，钯中氢的扩散和吸收是迅速的，镍的行为介乎其间。在玻璃碳上可以生成平整的、厚度较大的、有金属光泽的镍钨镀层，镍是也发现了沉积物，而钯上没有任何新相沉积，由此肯定了氢在镍钨合金诱导共析过程中的重要性。     

从不锈钢酸洗废液中回收金属的试验研究

实验室研究了利用晶种诱导沉积不锈钢酸洗废液中的有价金属,以期对废酸液进行资源化利用。应用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和激光粒度仪等检测手段对沉积物进行结果进行表征。结果表明结晶产物为FeF3·3H2O和CrF3·3H2O的混合物,试验中没有发现镍的沉积物;同时研究了温度,废酸液中HF浓度及晶种加入量对金属沉积的影响。结果显示温度越低,废酸HF越高,越利于金属沉积;晶种添加量对金属沉积影响不大。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定云南昆阳磷矿黑色页岩中钒钼镍

黑色页岩中碳含量较高,共存元素较多。碳质残渣因消解不完全会堵塞仪器进样系统,同时吸附钒、钼、镍,导致结果偏低。为了消除碳对钒、钼、镍测定的干扰,对黑色页岩进行了高温灼烧预处理试验。同时进行了不同酸度的盐酸介质对钒、钼、镍谱线强度的影响、共存元素的干扰等条件试验。确定采用在750℃马弗炉中灼烧除碳后,经硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解处理样品,盐酸酸化提取定容后,选择 V 311.071nm、Mo 202.031nm、Ni 231.604nm为分析谱线,选取耐氢氟酸雾化器进样,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定钒、钼、镍,从而建立了云南昆阳磷矿黑色页岩中钒、钼、镍的分析方法。在仪器最佳工作条件下,各元素校准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.9995;方法检出限为1.2~8.1μg/g。方法应用于云南昆阳磷矿黑色页岩样品中钒、钼、镍的测定,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.91%~5.1%,各元素的加标回收率为96%~102%。按照实验方法测定水系沉积物国家标准物质(GBW 07306、GBW 07311、GBW 07312)中钒、钼、镍,测定值与认定值基本一致。     

在镍基合金上化学气相沉积钽涂层的研究

应用五氯化钽氢还原的化学气相沉积的方法,研究了镍基合金上涂钽。讨论了钽的沉积速度、沉积物的显微结构和沉积条件的关系。讨论了反应过程动力学及机理、确定速度限制性环节为表面化学反应。对涂层物进行耐腐蚀实验,结果较好。     

碱熔-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定海洋沉积物中铝铁锰钛

准确测定海洋沉积物中Al、Fe、Mn、Ti,对寻找金属矿产资源有着重要意义,因此有必要建立一种快速、低成本的分析方法.样品加入1.0 g NaOH,选择镍坩埚在700℃下熔融15min,用5％HNO3溶解后,加入25 μg Cd内标克服仪器漂移带来的影响,选择各元素的分析谱线为Al 396.152 nm、Fe 238....     

从含镍废物中回收镍的工艺简介

介绍了从含镍废水中回收镍、从含镍电池中回收镍、从含镍催化剂中回收镍、从含镍合金中回收镍等4种工艺。从含镍废物中回收镍,可扩大镍资源、降低生产能耗、节约基建投资、减少环境污染等,具有显著的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。     

高压粉末制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定海洋沉积物中28种组分

常规粉末压片制样是一种简单、高效的绿色环保制样技术,但是应用于某些沉积物样品制备存在样片表面粗糙和粉末容易脱落的问题。实验采用高于常规的压力进行样品制备,建立了X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)分析海洋沉积物样品中包括硫、氧化钠、氧化镁、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅、五氧化二磷、氧化钾、氧化钙、二氧化钛、氧化锰、三氧化二铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钒、铬、镓、铌、锆、钇、锶、铷、铅、钡、镧、钕和铪在内的28种主、微量组分的方法。探讨了压力为300 kN和1 600 kN时的制样效果,并尝试引入BP神经网络模型利用其非线性拟合能力校正主量组分的基体效应。结果表明,采用1 600 kN压力制备的样片,表面致密、光滑、不龟裂和不掉粉,制样重复性和测试精密度也有较大提高。以55个有证标准物质中17种组分的数据集为训练样本,建立了海洋沉积物样品中主、微量组分的遗传算法-BP神经网络预测模型。按照实验方法对各组分含量相对较低的实际样品连续测试12次,计算得方法的检出限在 0.63～634 μg/g之间;精密度试验结果表明,各组分测定值的相对标准偏差(RSD, n=7)为0.16%～25.1%。方法用于海洋沉积物实际样品分析,其分析结果与国标法的测定结果吻合,能够满足海洋沉积物样品中多种组分准确分析的要求。     

重量法测定纯镍、镍铁合金、烧结镍中硫含量的研究

本文通过条件试验形成了氧化铝色层分离硫酸钡重量法测定纯镍、镍铁合金、烧结镍等镍原料中硫的分析方法,经加标回收和精密度试验证实：本方法具有较高的精密度和准确度,从而建立了新的镍、镍铁合金、烧结镍中硫的分析方法。本方法已呻报起草国家标准方法。     

关于高冰镍的分离

一、前言从炼镍转炉中产出的高冰镍,它主要是镍、铜和硫的熔体,还有少量的铁、钴及贵金属,以及其它杂质。冷却后,铜以硫化亚铜,镍以硫化镍的形式存在于高冰镍中。高冰镍中的硫化镍与硫化铜的分离,有如下几种方法:     

天山北山成矿带铜矿控矿因素及找矿远景分析

斑岩型铜矿、铜镍硫化物铜矿、沉积型铜矿和海相火山型铜矿石天山北山地区重要的通矿床类型。该区构造演化非常的复杂,前寒武纪基底演化与早古生代大陆裂解以及古生代洋壳演化以及晚古生代板块等构造演化阶段和铜矿成矿有着密切联系。地层对铜矿的成矿主要影响是作为矿源层与特定沉积建造;大地构造环境和区域性的大断裂和韧性剪切带以及火山机构等是重要的控矿构造。另外该区强烈的岩浆活动对铜多金属矿的形成非常密切。     

Application of bacterial-chemical oxidation for processing of nickel-containing raw materials

The results of investigations into processing the nickel-containing ores and concentrates (the sulfide copper-nickel ore of the Shanuch deposit, the nickel-pyrrhotine concentrate of the Talnakh processing plant, and the silicate nickel ore) with the use of microorganisms of immobilized bacteria as surfactants for autoclave leaching and bacterial iron-containing solutions for the utilization of sulfur-containing gases of pyrometallurgic production are presented. The influence of the presence of flotation reagents and nickel ions on the oxidizing activity of biomass is investigated. The combined production flowcharts of processing nickel-containing raw materials applying the bacterial-chemical oxidation are developed.     

Electrowinning of Nickel from Aqueous Sulphate Bath in the Presence of Metallic and LIX64N Impurities

The effects of common metallic and LIX64 organic solvent impurities on nickel electrodeposition have been investigated for an economical and viable process development for different raw materials. Variations of bath pH. temperature and current density at different LIX64N concentration were studied to observe the effects on current efficiency, physical appearance of the deposit, deposit contamination, crystallographic orientation intensities and deposit morphology.     

Effect of thiourea during nickel electrodeposition from acidic sulfate solutions

The effect of thiourea on the cathodic current efficiency (CE), deposit quality, crystallographic orientations, surface morphology, and polarization behavior of the cathode was investigated during nickel electrodeposition from acidic sulfate solutions for 2 hours at 60 °C. A slight decrease of 3 to 4 pct in the CE was observed, when the concentration of thiourea was increased from 2 to 40 mg dm⁻³. The nickel deposit quality deteriorated significantly at higher thiourea concentrations; the surface morphology deteriorated and the contamination of the nickel deposits increased. The presence of thiourea affected the peak intensities of the crystal planes. Cyclic voltammetric studies on nickel deposition at 25 °C revealed depolarization behavior of the cathode at lower thiourea concentrations, ≤10 mg dm⁻³; however, a mixed behavior is observed at higher thiourea concentrations. These changes were also observed in the exchange current density (i ₀) values.     

Prediction of morphology development from nucleation and plating overpotentials in nickel electrodeposition

Evaluation and measurement of the influence of changes in conditions and electrolyte composition during early stages of a growing metal electrodeposit are crucial to predict changes in developing morphology. A galvanodynamic polarisation technique was developed to reliably measure overpotentials for nickel electrodeposition from sulphate electrolyte. The validity of these polarisation parameters as indicators of the relationships between changes in the electrolyte and resulting deposit morphology was evaluated for electrolytes of varying composition. Findings indicate that nucleation and plating overpotentials measured by the described technique can be used as indicative tools for monitoring, evaluating and ultimately improving control of the electrodeposition of nickel from sulphate electrolytes. The results predict that nickel deposits of desirable quality and morphology are obtained when plating overpotentials are higher than 700?mV vs. Ag/AgCl and nucleation overpotential is less negative than plating overpotential.     

Zinc,nickel and lead in copper deposited from copper(II) ammine sulphate electrolytes

The influence of electrolytic variables on the content of Zn, Ni and Pb in copper deposited cathodically from ammine solution has been investigated. Solutions spiked with zinc or nickel sulphate were studied using a rotating cylindrical titanium cathode and a lead anode.The nickel and zinc contents in the cathodic deposit increase with increasing current density and their concentration in the electrolyte. A rise in the rotation speed of the cathode increases the lead and nickel contents but diminishes the zinc content in the deposit.To explain these results an attempt has been made to schematically reconstruct polarisation diagrams for each metal. Direct potential measurements are subject to considerable experimental error in the system studied. Polarisation measurements performed on a simplified system were in good agreement with the hypothetical diagram.     

Simulation of the kinetics of the autoclave dissolution of copper and nickel sulfides in the presence of oxygen

Kinetic regularities of the oxidative autoclave dissolution of iron, copper, and nickel sulfides when leaching the ore of the Shanuch deposit are investigated in controllable experimental conditions. It is shown that the dissolution rate of sulfides is limited by the oxygen absorption.     

Extraction of Nickel from Oxidized Nickel Ores by Heap Leaching

Metallurgist - A characteristic feature of serpentine oxidized nickel ores (ONO) of the Serov deposit (≈ 1 wt.% Ni) is the increased content of iron and magnesium. The main nickel-containing...     

“湿型”红土镍矿选矿设计探讨

针对湿型红土镍矿的矿床特征,从选矿角度提出了需要回收这部分有用矿物时必须采用破碎设备才能实现的观点。阐述了红土矿选矿的一般工艺流程及特点,重点提出了红土镍矿在选矿设计流程中破碎、洗矿方面需要特别注意的问题。从设计角度出发论述了破碎设备、破碎系统配置优化、洗矿设备选择及其改进措施等内容。     

黑龙江省萝北县大金顶子镍矿矿床地质特征及成因探讨

介绍了萝北县大金顶子镍矿的地质特征,通过对资料的分析,推测该矿可能是一硫化镍矿,突破了原以为是风化壳型矿床的观点,为该矿床的进一步勘查工作提出了新的思路。