含钛和稀土高炉渣光催化降解活性艳红X-3B

实验制备了含钛高炉渣／稀土渣复合光催化剂，负载于玻璃表面，通过对水溶液中活性艳红X-3B的降解实验，研究了含钛高炉渣／稀土渣复合光催化剂的光催化效果，评价了含钛高炉渣／稀土渣复合光催化剂性能与溶液的pH值、不同光源、空气流量及热处理温度的影响关系，并与纯TiO2光催化剂进行了对比实验。结果表明：经600℃处理的催化剂具有最好的光催化性，酸性条件、适当空气通人量、提高紫外光强度均有助于染料的降解。     

含钛炉渣制光催化剂催化降解罗丹明B废水的研究

用含钛炉渣制备了光催化剂GN,通过催化降解罗丹明B废水,分析了催化剂投加量,废水pH值等因素对脱色率的影响.实验结果表明:催化剂GN具有较高的光催化活性,选取适当的催化剂投加量以及合适的废水pH值有助于罗丹明B的降解,GN最佳投加量为0.25g·L-1,适宜的废水pH值为2.当罗丹明B废水浓度为25mg·L-1时,在最佳条件下,光催化反应1h后,罗丹明B废水的降解率达95％以上.     

蒽醌染料废水的多相光催化降解

具有蒽醌结构的染料是不易被降解的,活性艳兰KN-R是蒽醌型染料的典型代表.本试验采用自制的纳米二氧化钛为光催化剂,以含有活性艳兰KN-R的模拟废水为降解对象,在一定的光源条件下成功的降解掉染料废水中的污染物.对影响活性艳兰KN-R废水溶液的光催化降解的各种条件(pH值、光源、溶液的初始浓度、催化剂的用量)进行了摸索,描述了催化剂降解低浓度活性艳兰KN-R的动力学规律,并对催化剂的回收再利用进行了可行性研究.     

钙钛矿SrNiO3光催化降解染料的研究

用柠檬酸络合法制备钙钛矿型复合氧化物SrNiO3,并以其为光催化剂对水溶性染料进行光催化降解实验.讨论了光催化反应时间、催化剂投加量、光照强度、pH值、以及外加氧化剂(H2O2)等因素对光催化活性的影响.实验结果表明:在催化剂投加量0.4 g,降解时间180min,pH值为2,光照强度200 W,H2O2的投加量5 mL时,大红染料的降解率可达99.47%.     

纳米二氧化钛光催化降解染料酸性红B的实验研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法自制TiO2光催化剂,采用悬浮体系,研究偶氮染料酸性红B的光催化降解过程,考察了活化温度、活化时间、溶液初始pH值、催化剂投加量、染料浓度等因素对光催化降解效率的影响。实验表明:自制的二氧化钛具有良好的光催化性。当催化剂用量为1.0g/L、pH值为3、酸性红B染料初始浓度20mg/L时,120分钟降解率可达85%,180分钟基本降解完全。     

影响光催化超滤膜反应器降解Acid Blue 7的因素研究

设计研制了一种光催化超滤膜反应器,并选用一种颗粒状纳米级TiO2作光催化剂,对染料Acid Blue 7光氧化降解进行了研究。影响染料降解的因素包括：错流速度、催化剂浓度、染料初始浓度、溶液的pH值以及曝气条件。研究结果发现,光催化超滤反应器对染料废水处理具有较高的处理效果,且颗粒状光催化剂能够实现良好分离。     

高钛渣作为光催化村料降解邻硝基酚的实验研究

通过以高钛渣为光催化材料降解邻硝基酚溶液的实验,研究了反应时间、添加强氧化剂H2O2、外加电场、溶液pH值对其光催化性能的影响.结果表明高钛渣对邻硝基酚具有较好的光催化效果.邻硝基酚的降解率随反应时间的增加而增大.强氧化剂H2O2能提高光催化材料降解率,在100 ml含3 mg的邻硝基酚溶液中,H2O2加入量为2 ml时最佳,光催化剂的光催化性能因外加电场的存在而有所提高,外加电场达到20 V后,其光催化性能显著提高.光催化效果最佳的pH值为6.     

纳米TiO2光催化降解直接冻黄染料的研究

以纳米TiO2作为光催化剂,紫外灯为光源,对印染废水中的直接冻黄G染料进行了光催化降解实验.讨论了COD的初始浓度、光照时间、纳米TiO2投加量、初始pH值和外加催化剂Fe3＋的用量等五个因素对COD和色度去除率的影响.正交实验结果表明：初始pH值和光照时间是影响光催化氧化反应的关键因素;在初始COD为144.67mg/L、Fe3＋投加量为6.72mg/L、纳米TiO2投加量为100mg/mL、pH6的条件下,经6h的照射,COD的去除率达到80%,色度的去除率达到98.5%.     

光催化氧化处理含油污水的研究

制备了纳米级TiO2半导体光催化剂。以中压汞灯为光源，考察了催化剂晶体结构，粒度，用量，pH值以及与Fe^3 或H2O2并存在对含油污水中油的光催化降解效果。结果表明，纳米级光催化剂TiO2具有较高的光催伦降解油的活性，催化剂粒度小，锐钛矿型晶体结构含量高时，光催化降解油的活性较强；催化剂用量过少和过多时，油的光催化降解程度都较低。污水初始pH值越小，油的降解率越高；当TiO2与Fe^3 或H2O2共存时，相同光照时间条件下。油的去除率可提高5%-16%，光催化处理油田采油污水获得了良好效果。油的去除率达到98%以上。     

PW_(12)/PANI/ZnO复合材料光催化降解亚甲基蓝

以PW12/PANI/ZnO为光催化剂。在紫外灯辐射下,研究了模拟染料废水亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化降解的反应,讨论了催化剂投加量、染料浓度、溶液的pH值对亚甲基蓝降解率的影响。结果表明,亚甲基蓝溶液光催化降解的最佳条件为:pH=3,催化剂投加量为0.012 5 g,染料浓度为5 mg/L,经30 W紫外灯照射90 min后,其降解率为85.84%。     

水溶液中纳米二氧化钛光催化降解甲基橙的影响因素

用沸腾回流直接水解法制备了粒径为25～35 nm纯锐钛矿型纳米二氧化钛(TiO2).用X射线衍射和透射电镜表征材料的结构与形貌.用该催化剂催化降解甲基橙,研究了催化剂用量、甲基橙的起始浓度、溶液pH值、光强度、溶液中添加金属离子的影响.结果表明:在较强紫外光照射下,当甲基橙的起始浓度为0.02 g/L,TiO2用量为1.0g/L,光催化效率最高.酸性条件有利于光催化降解甲基橙.掺加Fe3 或Zn2 的光催化效率显著增加.掺加Mn2 或Ca2对光催化活性没有影响.在紫外光区域(366 nm),样品对催化降解水溶液中甲基橙的活性较高.     

TiO_2溶胶光催化降解活性橙K-GN

以钛酸正丁酯为前驱体,乙醇为溶剂,盐酸为催化剂在20℃制备具有光催化活性的TiO2溶胶。在40 W,波长253.7 nm紫外光灯照条件下,研究了活性橙K-GN染料溶液被TiO2溶胶光催化降解的可能性。研究了水的摩尔比、pH值、光照时间、染料初始浓度对降解率的影响,并且比较了TiO2溶胶与添加H2O2的溶胶的光催化活性。结果表明,当溶胶中钛酸丁酯∶水(摩尔比)为1∶100,pH值为1.0,光照时间80 min,染料初始浓度为20 mg/L时,降解率达到98%。HO可以促进TiO溶胶的处理效果,添加量为0.03%时促进效果明显。     

Microwave photocatalysis II: novel continuous‐flow microwave photocatalytic experimental set‐up with titania‐coated mercury electrodeless discharge lamps

BACKGROUND: A continuous‐flow microwave photocatalytic reactor was set up consisting of a glass tube equipped with microwave powered mercury electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) coated with thin films of nanoporous titanium(IV) oxide. The effect of operational parameters on photocatalytic degradation of aqueous mono‐chloroacetic acid (MCAA) by a TiO₂/UV/MW process was investigated. RESULTS: Studies were carried out at a relatively high concentration of MCAA (0.1 mol L^?1), and revealed that reaction temperature and light intensity of the EDLs depend inversely on the flow rate, but that the 366 nm line intensity of EDL is directly proportional to the reaction temperature. The photodegradation of MCAA was enhanced by heating and significantly enhanced by air bubbling of the reaction mixture in the glass reservoir at laboratory temperature. The photocatalytic efficiency increased with the number of titania‐coated EDLs inserted in the glass tube reactor. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the operational parameters (i.e. flow rate, reaction temperature, number of titania‐coated EDLs, and air bubbling) had important effects on degradation efficiency. The photocatalytic degradation of MCAA on thin films of titanium(IV) oxide in the continuous‐flow microwave photoreactor can be enhanced in the TiO₂/UV/MW system. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

LDO负载纳米二氧化钛复合物的制备及其光催化性能研究

以碳酸根型镁铝层状双氢氧化物(LDH)为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法利用酞酸丁酯水解负载纳米TiO2于LDH片层获得TiO2/LDH前驱体,通过低温焙烧前驱体获得纳米二氧化钛/层状双金属氧化物复合物(TiO2/LDO).以亚甲基蓝溶液模拟染料污染物,在波长291 nm紫外光条件下测定吸光度,评价了光催化剂不同投加量,体系pH值以及光照时间条件下对亚甲基蓝降解率的影响,研究了TiO2/LDO的光催化性能.结果表明:通过溶胶-凝胶法可以获得高分散纳米级(<10 nm)TiO2负载型TiO2/LDH复合物,TiO2/LDH中TiO2负载率达8.01wt%(质量分数);TiO2/LDO的光催化性能较纯LDO高,TiO2负载于LDO层板对亚甲基蓝具有协同催化作用;在pH值为9的80 mL亚甲基蓝溶液(浓度为5 mg/L)中投入0.20 g TiO2/LDO,催化反应8 h后降解率高达81.7%,TiO2/LDO对亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化反应符合一级动力学方程.     

悬浮态TiO_2光催化降解腐殖酸的影响因素研究

在悬浮态TiO2光催化体系中,探讨了光催化氧化降解腐殖酸的规律,考察了催化剂投加量、腐殖酸溶液初始浓度、初始pH值、光强、反应时间等因素对腐殖酸去除效果的影响。结果表明,光催化氧化法降解腐殖酸的效率比直接光解法有显著提高,腐殖酸的去除率从34.73%增加到65.61%(反应时间为3 h);TOC的去除率也大幅度提高,直接光解反应对TOC几乎无去除作用,而光催化氧化对TOC的去除率达37.5%;腐殖酸的初始浓度增加,初始pH值降低,光强增大,光照时间延长均能提高腐殖酸的降解率,其中pH值和光强的影响较为显著。另外,催化剂的投加量存在一个最佳值。     

Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye under UV/solar light using ZnO nanopowder synthesized by solution combustion route

Nano-sized ZnO powder with crystallite size in the range 12 to 50 nm were prepared by solution combustion route. The product was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RB) dye was carried out with ZnO nanopowder. The effect of parameters such as the crystallite size, amount of catalyst, concentration of the dye, pH and irradiation on photocatalytic degradation of RB is studied. The results reveal that the maximum decolorization (more than 95%) of dye occurred with ZnO catalyst in 8 min of stirring at basic pH under solar light irradiation. It was also found that chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction takes place at a faster rate under solar light as compared to that of UV light. The results suggest that, the ZnO solar photocatalytic irradiation is better than the calcined ZnO/solar and UV light irradiation.     

Parameter effect on photocatalytic degradation of phenol using TiO2-P25/activated carbon (AC)

P25 powder embedded and TiO₂ immobilized on activated carbon (TiO₂-P25/AC) was prepared by P25 powder modified sol-gel and dip-coated method. The photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, SEM and their photocatalytic activities were evaluated through phenol degradation in a fluidized bed photoreactor. The addition of P25 in the photocatalysts could significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity, and the optimum loading of P25 was 3 g L^?1. The operating parameter results indicated that the optimum pH for phenol degradation was 5.2; the effect of air flow rate gave an optimal value of 2 L min^?1; the increasing of UV light intensity led to an increase of degradation efficiency due to more photons absorbed on the surface of the photocatalyst. The kinetics of the phenol degradation fitted well with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics model. Finally, the photocatalytic ability of TiO₂-P25/AC was reduced only 10% after five cycles for phenol degradation.     

ILs-TiO_2光催化性能及其降解苯酚废水动力学研究

以低浓度模拟苯酚废水为处理对象,研究了自制ILs-TiO2光催化剂的光催化活性,考察了苯酚废水的初始浓度、光催化剂投加量、紫外光照强度等条件对降解效率的影响,并初步探讨了其反应动力学。结果表明,ILs-TiO2光催化剂对苯酚的光催化降解反应符合一级动力学方程,光催化降解速率随苯酚的初始浓度增加而降低,催化剂的最佳投加量为300 mgTiO2/L,随着光照强度的增加,降解速率增高。     

Investigation of photocatalytic degradation of clindamycin antibiotic by using nano-ZnO catalysts

The photocatalytic degradation of clindamycin (CLM) was studied by a batch reactor using UV irradiation and ZnO catalyst. The effects of several parameters such as pH, catalyst loading, light intensity and irradiation time were evaluated in the removal process. The results showed that the degradation of CLM was effective in alkaline conditions. The optimum catalyst loading in an aqueous solution containing 25 mM of CLM and UV lamp of 50 W was observed at 3.0 g/L of catalyst loading. The process followed pseudo-first order kinetics, and the apparent rate constant (k) decreased with increasing the initial concentration of CLM. The photocatalytic process had higher removal efficiency in synthetic than actual wastewater in optimum conditions.     

混晶纳米二氧化钛光催化剂处理印染废水的研究

以混晶纳米二氧化钛为光催化剂,研究了pH值、光催化反应时间、纳米二氧化钛的用量及晶型、光源等因素对活性大红BES模拟印染废水和实际印染废水COD降解的处理效果.结果表明,对30 mL活性大红BES模拟印染废水,在溶液pH值为4、催化剂添加量为0.090 g时,紫外灯照射1 h,COD去除率可达到86%;对30 mL实际印染废水,在溶液pH值为9、催化剂添加量为0.150 g时,紫外灯照射1 h,COD去除率达到57%.