32磷-玻璃微球治疗裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤的透射电镜观察

32磷-玻璃微球(32P-GMS)是一种新型的放射性抗癌微球制剂[1].目前,应用放射性微球治疗肝癌已受到了极大重视,但是关于32P-GMS局部注射给药治疗实验性肝癌的研究甚少,超微结构研究尚未见报道[2-4].为此,我们建立了裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤模型进行电镜观察.     

IgA肾病的超微结构研究

目的：探讨ＩｇＡ肾病（ＩｇＡＮ）超微结构病变的病理学意义及在本病演化进展中的作用。方法：对１２２例肾活检组织,进行系统的超微结构观察,以半定量的方法对各项超微结构病变进行分级,并和肾小球损伤程度及免疫学类型相对照,进行统计学处理。结果：紧示系膜旁工区大量沉着、基膜内皮下或上皮下沉着、系膜基质溶解、旁区病变、基膜异常以及系膜细胞插入,都是肾小于不病变进展过程中较早期的超微病变,其出现频率均和肾小球损     

心脏黏液瘤的超微结构研究

对8例心脏黏液瘤进行了临床病理总结，着重进行了超微结构的研究，结果表明黏液瘤细胞有4种超微结构表现：（1）原始间叶细胞；（2）纤维母细胞样；（3）肌纤维母细胞样；（4）上皮样。提出心脏黏液瘤细胞起源于原始间叶细胞，有纤维母细胞、肌及上皮样分化。并且提出瘤细胞参与黏液瘤基质的形成。     

羊膜上皮程序性细胞死亡的超微结构研究

细胞凋亡可分为自发和诱导两大类 ,胚胎发育过程中某些细胞出现自发凋亡 ,又称程序性细胞死亡 ( PCD) [1] 。本文研究足月胎盘羊膜上皮 PCD的超微结构 ,以了解 PCD的过程和改变特点 ,着重观察张力微丝的改变。材料与方法新鲜足月胎盘 ,剥离胎儿面羊膜 ,0 .2 5 %胰酶处理 ,收集细胞悬液 ,离心 ,2 .5 %戊二醛固定 ,制样 ,作透射电镜检查 ,单细胞悬液作流式细胞仪 DNA组方图检查。结果羊膜细胞超微结构 :正常羊膜上皮细胞 ,呈椭圆形 ,表面有微绒毛 ,胞浆丰富 ,有少数线粒体 ,内质网较发达。细胞核椭圆形 ,核膜均匀饱满无皱褶 ,染色质细匀 …     

人肾旁神经节小强荧光(SIF)细胞超微结构观察

目的：观察人SIF细胞超微结构。方法：荧光组化法和透射电镜技术。结果：小强荧光细胞与主神经元超微结构有较大区别,其突出特点是胞质中可见大量膜包的密芯颗粒泡,直径在50－200nm间。结论：SIF细胞质中含有的密芯颗粒泡可能为分泌颗粒。     

森林脑炎病毒感染小鼠的超微结构观察

森林脑炎 (ｒｕｓｓｉａｎｓｐｒｉｎｇ ｓｕｍｍｅｒｅｎｃｅｐｈａｌｉｔｉｓ) ,又称蜱传脑炎 (ｔｉｃｋ ｂｏｒｎｅｅｎｃｅｐｈａｌｉｔｉｓ)、春夏型脑炎、苏联远东脑炎 ,是由森林脑炎病 (简称森脑病毒 )引起的 ,以中枢神经系统病变为特征的稳性传染病 ,也是一种自然源性传染病。伐木工人、到森林旅游的游客常被蜱叮咬而感染[1] 。我国也时有该病发生的报道。典型临床症状为高热、意识障碍、脑膜刺激特征及瘫痪等。后遗症较重 ,病死率较高 ,但愈后有稳定的免疫力。目前该病的发病机理尚不很明确 ,本实验观察了实验性森林脑炎病毒感染小…     

An ultrastructural study of age-related changes in mouse olfactory epithelium

Transmission and scanning electron microscopic examinations were undertaken to detail changes in the olfactory epithelium (OE) resulting from the ageing process. Samples were prepared from 3% glutaraldehyde/1% formaldehyde perfused mice aged 6 months and 29-30 months. Compared to OE from young adults, a number of striking changes were apparent in tissue from older animals. The most obvious of these were extensive local accumulations of large inclusion bodies, totally disrupting the normal morphology of such affected areas of olfactory epithelium. Even in areas where these deposits were absent, other significant signs of ageing were noted in the seemingly unaffected OE of all older mice studied. Quantitative analysis of semi-thin resin sections revealed that the OE of aged mice was significantly reduced in thickness, and with significantly fewer olfactory sensory neurons, irrespective of whether or not inclusions were present. In addition, pale cells, which have been suggested to be a form of degenerating cells, were more abundant in aged OE. The straight, sharp boundary between respiratory and olfactory epithelia which is seen in young adults became irregular and disrupted with age due to an intermingling of the respiratory and olfactory cells. Such structural alterations may parallel olfactory dysfunction reputed to occur in older mammals.     

Culture prior to transplantation preserves the ultrastructural integrity of monkey pancreatic islets

Transplantation of pancreatic islets represents a promising way of curing type I diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus). Culture enables the survival of endocrine tissue awaiting islet transplantation and reduces islet immunogenicity prior to xenografting. In this study, attempts were made to preserve the monkey islets in culture for 7 days and to study the ultrastructure by electron microscopy. The islets were isolated from monkey pancreas by the collagenase digestion method and were separated from acinar cells by dextran density gradient centrifugation. These islets were preserved in a humidified atmosphere of 5% carbon dioxide and 95% air for 7 days. The culture medium used was CMRL-1066. After 7 days of culture the islets were processed for light and electron microscopic studies, which revealed that the cultured islets were intact and maintained their structural integrity. Semi-thin sections of the cultured islets showed morphology with occasional structural alterations at the periphery. Dithizone staining of the cultured islets showed crimson red colour, proving that the islets were pure and without any exocrine contamination. Electron microscopy showed that the cultured islets had well-preserved alpha-, beta- and delta-cells. Different cell types of the monkey pancreatic islets were identified by the presence of their characteristic secretory granules. The ultrastructural characteristics present in hormone-synthesizing cells, i.e. rough-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and secretory granules, were observed as in native islets.     

大鼠急性出血坏死性胰腺炎时肾损害的超微结构研究

胰胆管内逆行注射5%牛磺胆酸钠建立大鼠急性出血坏死性胰腺炎（AHNP）动物模型,用光镜和电镜动态观察肾脏在不同时期的病理形态学变化,从形态学的角度探讨AHNP所引起的肾脏损伤机制;结果发现AHNP时肾脏的病理形态学改变表现为不同程度的肾小球毛细血管腔内红细胞堆积以及血小板和纤维素的析出粘集,毛细血管基底膜增厚,足细胞的足突融合,肾间质血管内新鲜血栓形成,以及肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死,小管内出现蛋白管型或红细胞管型等.本实验结果提示在AHNP时可伴有明显的肾脏微循环损伤,微循环障碍可能是引起或加重AHNP相关肾损害的重要原因之一.     

傅氏凤尾蕨成熟精子超微结构的研究

主要采用透射电镜对无配子生殖蕨类傅氏凤尾蕨（Pteris faurieiHieron.）游动精子的超微结构进行了研究。傅氏凤尾蕨游动精子呈带状,螺旋形旋转约3.5圈。带状游动精子主要由片层带、微管带、顶脊、背冠、环状线粒体等运动细胞器和高度浓缩的细胞核构成。其中微管带是游动精子的基本骨架,微管带上部与片层带和背冠相连,下部包被细胞核,并与核膜形成复合结构。微管带的背面具有鞭毛带,其上共着生约70~80个鞭毛。游动精子的线粒体显著,环状线粒体与片层带相连,附属线粒体衬于微管带内侧。本研究还比较了傅氏凤尾蕨游动精子与其它蕨类成熟精子超微结构的异同。     

二氧化钛纳米颗粒对小鼠单核巨噬细胞超微结构影响的电镜研究

目的：应用电镜观察二氧化钛纳米颗粒（nano-TiO2）对小鼠单核巨噬细胞超微结构的影响。方法：将不同浓度的nano-TiO2溶液加入小鼠单核巨噬细胞（Rawcell）中,在37℃、5%CO2的细胞培养箱中孵育4h,收集细胞,制样后在透射电镜下观察小鼠单核巨噬细胞超微结构的改变。结果：电镜下,nano-TiO2的粒径为20～35nm。致密的nano-TiO2通过内吞进入细胞,当浓度超过200μg/mL时,细胞胞质空泡内吞噬有大量成簇的致密颗粒,细胞核固缩,染色质浓缩、边集,出现早期细胞凋亡改变。     

长吻鮠(Leiocassis longirostris)精母细胞染色体的超微结构研究

长吻 (Ｌｅｉｏｃａｓｓｉｓｌｏｎｇｉｒｏｓｔｒｉｓ)又名“江团” ,是我国嘉陵江水系中一种珍稀无鳞鱼类。因肉质细嫩味鲜美闻名于世。但由于过度捕捞 ,造成资源的枯竭 ,已被国家列为珍稀保护动物。为了有利于鱼类资源保护以及进行人工驯化繁殖 ,有必要对其遗传和细胞生物学特性进行深入的了解。材料和方法试验用鱼为 3～ 5月捕自嘉陵江的雄性成鱼。经本校暂养池饲养数天 ,直接取出精巢。将不同部位精巢组织分别放入经预冷的 3%戊二醛固定液(0 1ｍｏｌ ＬＰＢＳ配制 )中 ,于室温下前固定 0 5ｈ。然后小心地取出组织块 ,在 4 %戊二醛…     

光动力疗法对荷瘤鼠杀伤作用的组织形态学实验研究

目的：探讨光动力疗法恶性肿瘤杀伤作用的机制。方法：应用光动力疗法对接种H22肝癌的40只昆明小鼠作肿瘤杀伤的对比实验研究。结果：通过组织形态学和抑瘤检测证实，光动力疗法能选择性杀伤癌细胞。结论：在治疗后24小时内就可以见到癌细胞出现空泡变性、核固缩、溶解、坏死，随着时间推移坏死更加明显。同时还证实这种光动力疗法对正常细胞和组织没有损伤。     

Toxic effects of inhaled manganese on the olfactory bulb: an ultrastructural approach in mice

Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom reported by patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Despite the knowledge gathered about the pathology of these diseases, little information has been generated regarding the ultrastructure modifications of the granule cells that regulate the information for odor identification. Swollen organelles and nuclear invaginations identified the exposed mice. Necrosis was evidenced at 4th week of exposure, whereas apoptosis arose at 8th week of exposure. A ruffled electron-dense membrane changes were also found. The changes observed could be explained by the reactive oxygen species generated by manganese and its effects on the membrane's structure and on the cytoskeleton's function. This study contributes to correlate metal air pollution and neurodegenerative changes with olfactory affection.     

线粒体肌病超微结构特征研究

目的：结合线粒体肌病超微结构变化的特征，探讨该病的病因和可能的发病机制。方法：对2例线粒体肌病患者腓肠肌活检组织进行光镜和电镜超微病理观察。结果：发现病变肌纤维超微结构变化丰富，线粒体内类结晶包涵体形态独特，肌纤维间存在脂滴沉积，糖原颗粒聚集和异形吞噬体。结论：线粒体内不同形态的类结晶包涵体可能代表了不同种蛋白质的堆积，或是同一种蛋白质异常合成的不同时期的表现；脂滴沉积和糖原颗粒的异常增多，是继发于线粒体功能的障碍所致，进而出现形吞噬体的自我保护性反应。     

An experimental study of the influence of boundary conditions on the Gunn effect

The electrical characteristics of long inhomogeneous bulk negative differential mobility (NDM) semiconductor elements (n-GaAs and n-InP) exhibiting various modes of current instabilities at low microwave frequencies have been experimentally observed. Measurements were made of the time-dependent sample current and voltage and of the prethreshold electric-field distribution within the sample. The measurements were made under conditions in which the configuration of the circuit, the properties of the boundary of the NDM element, the sample geometry, the temperature, and the magnetic field were varied. We have obtained excellent agreement between the experimental results and a model in which the sample is assumed to have an assigned value for the electric field at the cathode boundary. Different modes of instability may be accurately modeled by choosing an appropriate value for this field. Three regions of behavior may be identified which correspond to three regions for the cathode boundary field. These regions are 1) cathode boundary field Ecless than the threshold electric field Epfor the onset of NDM; the samples are likely to operate as bulk oscillators, 2)E_{c} > E_{p}but less than the electric field Evcorresponding to the onset of the saturated electron-drift velocity; the samples operate in the Gunn domain mode with a peak-to-valley ratio determined by Ec, and 3)E_{c} > E_{v}the samples yield saturating current versus voltage curves and only weak oscillations are possible.     

子宫内膜癌的超微结构研究

对２１例子宫内膜癌进行超微结构观察。其中子宫内膜腺癌１６例,子宫内膜乳头状癌２例,透明细胞癌２例,鳞腺癌１例。子宫内膜腺癌以形成腺腔及微绒毛为特征,随着肿瘤分化程度的降低,癌细胞异型性增加,并出现篮网状核仁。子宫内膜乳头状癌见分支管道状腔及纤毛细胞。透明细胞癌的形态学特点是细胞浆内多量糖原降集。研究显示,子宫内膜癌的主要形态学特征是腺腔形成,同时因保留了其来源于苗勒氏管上皮多方向分化的潜能而分化出纤毛细胞、粘液细胞及鳞状上皮细胞,进而形成不同组织学类型的子宫内膜癌。     

蝗虫消化系统的超微结构

蝗虫 (ｌｏｃｕｓｔｓ)是中国的主要农业害虫之一。近年来 ,全球性气候变暖等诸多原因导致了蝗灾的不断发生 ,对此 ,很多学者对蝗虫进行了生理、生态、形态等方面的研究。本文着重对蝗虫的消化系统进行了超微结构研究 ,以探讨蝗虫的食性与消化系统的关系。蝗虫的消化道分为三大段 :前肠、中肠及后肠。前肠及后肠是由外胚层内凹而成 ,故前肠和后肠的内壁都覆有几丁质内膜 ,在取食少时 ,前肠向肠腔内形成波浪形内褶 ,当前肠充满食物时 ,肠壁几乎拉直了。细胞层外为环肌和纵肌 ,由于它有磨碎食物的功能故肌肉很厚 ,肌肉的横纹、明暗带十分清晰(…