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苯介质毒性较高,可致癌,输送苯介质管道普遍存在于炼化行业中。苯介质管道在设计、安装和检验过程中,不同行业、不同规范对苯的毒性级别有不同的要求。从苯的毒性和危害出发,根据苯介质的状态、含量、温度、压力、存在场所、输送条件等参数,分析了含苯介质的管道级别应如何进行划分,以及苯介质管道选材的建议原则,苯在管道中的毒性级别应根据具体使用环境条件确定,避免人为的高估或低估其危害程度,造成损失。 相似文献
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为了解决天然气处理厂密闭装车系统装车过程中由于苯的低温凝固特性导致含苯蒸汽无法直接采用常规方案实现油气回收的问题,文章通过研究温度对含苯蒸汽组分及冷凝特性的影响,基于国内外常规轻烃回收工艺原理,针对含苯油气的低温凝固的特殊性,以单位液态产品能耗为优化目标建立了油气回收工艺参数的优化模型,并依据现场设备的特殊性提出了回收方案。方案实际应用表明:苯单独装车时,该回收方案苯的收率为80.7%,苯与植物油抽提溶剂同时装车时,苯的回收率可达到94.3%,解决了含苯油气回收问题,同时减少了回收过程的能耗。 相似文献
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《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2019,(20):181-182
天然气长输管道放空管线主要用于管道检维修、应急事件处置时的天然气放空作业,为确保天然气放空作业的安全开展,当前长输管道设计均在放空火炬(立管)前安装了阻火器,但在实际应用中,因天然气气质、管道施工质量、粉尘等因素的影响,使阻火器在放空作业时产生了较大的安全隐患。因此,结合现场实际,对阻火器在天然气长输管道上的应用问题进行分析,有利于天然气长输管线放空系统的设计优化,有利于降低阻火器给放空作业带来的安全风险。 相似文献
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介绍了焦炉煤气粗苯回收工艺中设备的选型:粗苯回收时,洗苯塔填料多选用轻瓷填料和不锈钢填料来取代原塑料花环填料;浮头式列管换热器已逐渐被淘汰,螺旋板式换热器适于粗苯工段的贫富油换热,波纹板式热器是目前广泛采用的一种高效换热器;脱苯塔由不锈钢泡罩塔取代了原来的铸铁泡罩塔;输送粗苯多用屏蔽泵,输送贫富油宜选用化工泵;高温的油或苯管道材质选用上,建议选择加厚的Q235-A碳钢管或304材质的不锈钢管,而低温管道则可选用普通Q235-A碳钢管。企业应根据自身特点,合理选型,以保证系统的安全稳定高效运行。 相似文献
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含苯废气的净化处理一直是国内外的研究热点。冷凝法可用于含苯废气的回收处理。含苯废气冷凝回收系统制冷系统的设计内容主要包括冷凝过程中冷凝温度的确定和水蒸汽的结霜问题。基于Aspen Plus中的灵敏度分析工具,本文提出了一种优化的三段式冷凝回收工艺,即设定预冷段、中冷段和深冷段温度分别为1℃,-60℃和-110℃。通过Aspen HTFS对含苯废气冷凝回收系统中的板式蒸发器进行了优化设计。结果表明:在20℃及常压下,当进入冷凝回收系统的含苯废气-空气混合气的流量为100 m3/h时,该冷凝系统的预冷段、中冷段和深冷段的板式蒸发器的换热面积分别为1.4 m2、1.4 m2、1.5 m2,换热板片数分别为11、13、11。 相似文献
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烟气轮机是催化裂化装置能量回收系统的核心设备,烟气管道设计水平将直接影响烟气轮机能否正常运行。文章从烟气轮机对烟气管道的要求出发,介绍烟气轮机人口管道设计要点,包括典型流程、布置方式、膨胀节选用和支吊架设置等。提出了烟气管道的设计原则,分析了设计中应注意的问题。 相似文献
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通过对尿素生产装置进行增设清污分流和环保回收槽、蒸发系统尾气洗涤水的改造、配备取样回收、造粒系统污染物的综合治理等相关改造,同时对生产操作法进行有效优化,采取无污染排塔方案,实现了"零污染,零排放"的环保管理目标,彻底解决了尿素生产过程中排放废水废气污染环境问题。 相似文献
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河南龙宇煤化工有限公司正在运行的1套壳牌煤气化装置和正在安装的2台五环炉煤气化装置共产生煤泥220 t/d(设计排放量),该公司采用高压、高浓度、长距离、全封闭的管道输送方式,将煤泥输送到公用工程锅炉内进行二次焚烧,以实现大型煤气化装置生产资源的综合利用。简述了煤泥综合利用系统的工艺设备和工艺流程;论述了该系统的创新特... 相似文献
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Batch bubble-aeration experiments were performed in a tank of aqueous solutions of benzene, solutions of toluene, and solutions of benzene and toluene mixed together. The volumetric overall mass transfer coefficients for benzene were found roughly to be the same as those for toluene. Also, they were not different from those obtained from solutions with the respective single solutes. Henry's law constant for benzene (or toluene) was also found not to be affected by the presence of toluene (or benzene). A considerable hysteresis was observed between the adsorption of the liquid-phase benzene and toluene on the tank's plastic walls and its desorption process. @KEYWORDS Bubble aeration, Stripping, Benzene, Toluene, Adsorption, Desorption 相似文献
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Continuously Conducted Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexene in a Four‐Phase System
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Currently, the production of nylon 6 and nylon 6.6 is based on the complete hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane over nickel or platinum catalysts and its subsequent oxidation at very low conversions to a mixture of cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone. This mixture is further reacted to ?‐caprolactam or adipic acid. Alternatively, the reaction can be carried out by selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene and subsequent hydration with acidic catalysts to cyclohexanol. A laboratory method for the selective hydrogenation of benzene in a continuous stirred‐tank reactor (CSTR) using a gas/liquid/liquid/solid system is presented. 相似文献
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This paper describes a model of the unsteady filling process that occurs when liquid entraps air in sealed lank vented by a vertical round tube. A mathematical model is developed to predict the pressure fluctuation of the closed tank and the rate of transfer of liquid into the tank. A drift-flux model is used to describe the two-phase effects in the tube with particular attention being focused on the boundary condition at the bottom of the tube. The experimental setup consists of flow of water from a constant head reservoir into a sealed tank through a single vertical tube. The pressure in the sealed tank is measured using a pressure transducer. Experiments are run with tubes of varying diameter and lengths. The agreement of the theoretical model with the experimentally measured pressure fluctuation is quite good. 相似文献
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This paper describes a model of the unsteady filling process that occurs when liquid entraps air in sealed lank vented by a vertical round tube. A mathematical model is developed to predict the pressure fluctuation of the closed tank and the rate of transfer of liquid into the tank. A drift-flux model is used to describe the two-phase effects in the tube with particular attention being focused on the boundary condition at the bottom of the tube. The experimental setup consists of flow of water from a constant head reservoir into a sealed tank through a single vertical tube. The pressure in the sealed tank is measured using a pressure transducer. Experiments are run with tubes of varying diameter and lengths. The agreement of the theoretical model with the experimentally measured pressure fluctuation is quite good. 相似文献
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LNG低温储罐压力安全系统设计 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
介绍LNG低温储罐压力安全系统设计的基本思路,并针对不同情况讨论LNG低温储罐超压时BOG气体泄放量和产生负压时空气补充量的计算,为LNG低温储罐的安全阀、真空阀及紧急泄放系统提供设计基础。 相似文献