一种新型圆形智能天线阵的分析与设计

采用新型同轴直排印刷振子天线结构,易于提高增益和组阵,具有良好的一致性.对优化算法、矩量法、有限元法相结合的方法进行了研究,设计了高效的圆形智能天线阵.验证了其高效性.实验天线为3G通信的研发提供了有效的指导作用,并具有很强的实用性.     

Simulation and analysis of node throughput using smart antenna in wireless mesh networks

Smart antenna technology is introduced to wireless mesh networks. Smart antennas based wider-range access medium access control (MAC) protocol (SWAMP) is used as MAC protocol for IEEE 802.11 mesh networks in this study. The calculation method of node throughput in chain and arbitrary topology is proposed under nodes fairness guarantee. Network scale and interference among nodes are key factors that influence node throughput. Node distribution pattern near the gateway also affects the node throughput. Experiment based on network simulator-2 (NS-2) simulation platform compares node throughput between smart antenna scenario and omni-antenna scenario. As smart antenna technology reduces the bottle collision domain, node throughput increases observably.     

智能天线与空时编码技术的性能分析

为了研究智能天线自适应波束形成和空时编码技术(等效于MRRC最大比合并分集技术)这两种无线通信系统的关键技术在3G系统中的选择使用或结合使用的可能性及理论依据，比较了它们各自分别在其适用条件下所能达到的对输入信噪比的最优改善性能，得到了从对平均信噪比的改善的广义角度上讲它们是等效和一致的，它们对信噪比的改善都等于做波束形成的阵元数(或相应的分集支路数)的结论．     

MARS: a multiple access scheme with sender driven and reception first for smart antenna in ad hoc networks

The deployment of directional antennas offers many advantages, such as transmission range extension, co‐channel interference reducing, the increasing of spatial reuse degree, throughput improving of networks, and transmission power saving. Hence, many ad hoc MAC protocols with directional antennas have been proposed. However, these protocols do not provide significant improvement of network performance due to the lack of supporting multiple transmissions and receptions simultaneously. With the adaptive beam‐forming system (Smart Antenna), a newly designed MAC protocol (MARS) that enables nodes with multiple transmissions and receptions is proposed. Simulation results show that our MARS do exploit the advantage of space division multiple access. In terms of total number of data forward and complete sessions in bottleneck nodes, MARS achieves three times better than Novel and nine times better than IEEE 802.11. In addition, the end‐to‐end delay keeps very short. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

无线通信系统中的MEMS天线

本文分析了常见的MEMS天线及其应用,包括多对称锥形弯曲缝隙微带天线、用于WLAN中的微尺度宽频天线、开关式微机械毫米波天线、微机械自适应贴片天线等,对这些天线的结构原理、制造方法及其性能做了分析。这些天线设计简单、可用CMOS工艺制造、利于集成,兼有宽频、高辐射效率、小尺度等优点。但相对普通天线而言,这些制造工艺明显复杂、尺度更微小,增加了实现难度,要实现MEMS天线批量应用,还需要在基础理论及其微细工艺进行研究。最后,对MEMS天线在无线通信系统中的应用作出展望。     

Comparison of self‐adaptive dynamic differential evolution and particle swarm optimization for smart antennas in wireless communication

In this paper, ultrawide band (UWB) communication systems with eight transmitting and receiving ring antenna arrays are implemented to test the bit error rate and capacity performance. By using the ray‐tracing technique to compute any given indoor wireless environment, the impulse response of the system can be calculated. The synthesized beamforming problem can be reformulated into a multiobjective optimization problem. Self‐adaptive dynamic differential evolution (SADDE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to find the excitation current and the feed line length of each antenna to form the appropriate beam pattern. This pattern can then reduce the bit error rate and increase the channel capacity and receiving energy. Numerical results show that the fitness value and the convergence speed by the SADDE are better than those by the PSO. Moreover, the SADDE had better results for both line‐of‐sight and nonline‐of‐sight cases. In other words, compared with PSO, SADDE has improved more effectively the main beam radiation energy and reduced the multipath interference.     

DS-CDMA系统中基于盲分离的DOA估计

针对异步DS-CDMA系统的多用户环境,提出了一种适用于过载状态(路径总数大于天线阵元数)下的DOA估计算法.该算法首先基于最小输出能量(MOE)准则分离出感兴趣信息,此时,感兴趣信息中包含的路径数小于天线阵元数;然后采用计算简便的矩阵点除算法高效地解析出各DOA信息.算法具有计算量小,估计精度高等优点.仿真实验验证了算法的有效性.     

面向新一代移动通信的智能天线技术

第三代移动通信系统,最重要的技术特征将是智能移动通信技术,即系统的各功能模块将由智能化处理单元来实现,作为智能化处理单元重要组成部分的智能天线,其在新一代移动通信系统中的开发和应用研究已成为当今移动通信界的热点。本文就其技术思想、研究成果及现有水平进行了讨论,并就其进一步的发展进行了简要论述。     

一种圆形智能天线阵列与校正网络的设计

论述了一种用于智能天线系统的新型圆形天线阵列与校正网络的设计方法.设计了一种具有良好一致性和高增益全向特性的新型直排印刷振子天线结构,并采用奇偶模分析方法,实现了一种1:8威尔金森功分器/合路器与平行耦合线定向耦合器相结合的校正网络.实验结果证明,研究结果对于3G通信具有很高的实用价值.     

时空联合解扩重扩智能天线研究

提出了一种时空联合解扩重扩智能天线.该智能天线在每个阵元输出带有时域均衡器,可以在多径环境下有效消除多径干扰和多用户干扰,提高信噪比.仿真结果表明,该方案的性能优于传统的解扩重扩智能天线.     

智能天线中一种新的三维波束形成方法

提出了用分布于 x?y?z 三轴上的三个阵元估计扩频信号各条多径的来波方向(DOA)的方法,以及用由 x?y 均匀平面圆阵和 z 轴直线阵组成的阵列天线形成 3 维波束的方法。根据 CDMA 信号模型和多径信道模型,用 最大似然(ML)法分别估计出信号到达 3 个阵元的复信道响应,并利用复信道响应的幅角来估计各条多径信号 的 DOA;然后在已有最小均方误差(MMSE)法和最小二乘(LS)法的基础上生成带限制条件的扩展 MMSE(EMMSE)法形成 3 维波束。模拟表明,给出的 DOA 估计方法具有很高的精度,而 EMMSE 方法形成的波束主 瓣窄,旁瓣被抑制,有很高的输出信干噪比。     

移动通信中基于智能天线的抗多径干扰技术

本文首先概述了多径信道传输特性,在此基础上,重点讨论了基于智能天线抗多径干扰技术的理论,并对基于ＣＭＡ算法的智能天线抑制多径干扰进行了计算机仿真。     

智能天线对TD-SCDMA系统中小区干扰分布的影响

本文通过对TD-SCDMA系统上行链路进行系统级仿真,输出了不同场景下相邻小区和本小区干扰比均值,以此对比分析了智能天线和定向天线对小区间和小区内干扰的抑制情况,并给出有关工程措施建议,为TD-SCDMA系统组网提供指导性意见。     

WCDMA系统中智能天线PSALS-SDRMTA自适应算法

本文结合3GPP协议针对第三代移动通信WCDMA系统推导出了基于最小二乘准则的导频符号辅助解扰解扩重扩多目标阵列自适应算法,然后对此算法作了仿真,结果证明PSALS-SDRMTA算法是有效的。     

智能天线中导频符号辅助的载波频偏估计

首先定量分析了智能天线的阵元和导频符号数目增减对频偏估计性能的影响;然后借助于自适应阵加权结构,提出了一种存在共信道干扰(CCI)时,导频辅助估计频偏的新算法,该方法的自适应权只是中间变量,所以并不需要系统真正采用自适应结构,也不需要已知天线阵列流形.计算机仿真表明,该算法可以充分地利用多阵元和导频符号,有效抑制了CCI,使频偏估计性能接近于克莱美-罗界.     

遗传算法综合智能天线的赋形波束

余割赋形波束由于其在很宽的角度内有强度近于恒定的回波,被广泛应用于阵列天线中。建议在智能天线中引入余割赋形波束,采用遗传算法进行综合,并结合遗传算法和实验,得到了期望的结果。仿真和测试结果均表明了此方法的有效性。     

Energy efficiency of massive MIMO wireless communication systems with antenna selection

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) requires a large number (tens or hundreds) of base station antennas serving for much smaller number of terminals, with large gains in energy efficiency and spectral efficiency compared with traditional MIMO technology. Large scale antennas mean large scale radio frequency (RF) chains. Considering the plenty of power consumption and high cost of RF chains, antenna selection is necessary for Massive MIMO wireless communication systems in both transmitting end and receiving end. An energy efficient antenna selection algorithm based on convex optimization was proposed for Massive MIMO wireless communication systems. On the condition that the channel capacity of the cell is larger than a certain threshold, the number of transmit antenna, the subset of transmit antenna and servable mobile terminals (MTs) were jointly optimized to maximize energy efficiency. The joint optimization problem was proved in detail. The proposed algorithm is verified by analysis and numerical simulations. Good performance gain of energy efficiency is obtained comparing with no antenna selection.     

智能天线发射数字多波束形成方法研究

智能天线技术应用于第三代移动通信系统中具有可以减小因频率复用造成的共信道干扰（CCI）、提高频谱利用效率及增大系统容量、减小发射功率和空间电磁干扰、增加发射效率、对小区进行动态划分等优点。阵列天线的数字多波束形成技术是智能天线中的一项重要技术，关于接收数字多波束形成处理技术国内外相关文献报导较多，而对于发射数字多波束形成技术报导较少。文中主要讨论了两种发射数字多波束的形成方法，并通过计算机仿真试验验证该方法的可行性。此方法对蜂窝定位，空分多址系统的实现也有实用价值。     

弹载智能天线系统识别干扰源算法研究

基于弹载智能天线系统对阵列接收信号的分析处理,运用空间谱估计理论,首先估计出信号源数与信号源角度信息。同时与载机加载目标信号源信息进行对比,分离出干扰源。最后将上述估计信息应用于波束控制理论中,实现天线阵列的主波束控制和方向图零点控制,使天线阵列真正实现智能接收的能力。     

智能天线中的SVM应用研究

支持向量机(SVM)是一种新的机器学习方法。介绍了支持向量机的基本原理,通过使用SVM对接收信号的数据处理,得到波束形成器的最佳权向量解,达到存在干扰的情况下波束形成的理想效果。利用SVM求解AR模型中的系数,对波达方向的估计具有良好的稳健性。