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This paper presents the results of a transient analysis of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of two parallel cylinders in line contact with a non-Newtonian lubricant under oscillatory motion. Effects of the transverse harmonic surface roughness are also investigated in the numerical simulation. The time-dependent Reynolds equation uses a power law model for viscosity. The simultaneous system of modified Reynolds equation and elasticity equation with initial conditions was solved using the multigrid, multilevel method with full approximation technique. The film thickness and the pressure profiles were determined for smooth and rough surfaces in the oscillatory EHL conjunctions, and the film thickness predictions were verified experimentally. For an increase in the applied load on the cylinders or a decrease in the lubricant viscosity, there is a reduction in the minimum film thickness, as expected. The predicted film thickness for smooth surfaces is slightly higher than the film thickness obtained experimentally, owing primarily to cavitation that occurred in the experiments. The lubricant film under oscillatory motion becomes very thin near the ends of the contact when the velocity goes to zero as the motion direction changes, but a squeeze film effect keeps the fluid film thickness from decreasing to zero. This is especially true for surfaces of low elastic modulus. Harmonic surface roughness and the viscosity and power law index of the non-Newtonian lubricant all have significant effects on the film thickness and pressure profile between the cylinders under oscillatory motion. 相似文献
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《机械科学与技术》2017,(12):1823-1829
以织构化间隙密封液压缸为研究背景,利用平均雷诺方程对缸筒与活塞的配合处微织构流场进行数学建模,采用有限差分法对平均雷诺方程进行离散,分别对织构形貌为球缺面、圆柱面、圆锥面、抛物面、六面体和正方体进行数值模拟,获得最优微织构形貌,同时探讨了表面粗糙度,表面方向参数和面积占有率对表面摩擦因数的影响。结果表明:六种不同形貌的微织构均能在活塞表面产生动压润滑效果,圆柱形微织构表面动压润滑性能最好;粗糙表面的粗糙峰在运动过程中能够形成动压承载力,圆柱形表面的摩擦因数随粗糙度的增加而增加,微织构的摩擦因数随表面方向参数的增加而减小,随着面积占有率的增加而减小。 相似文献
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Non-linear transient stability analysis has been performed to study the sub-synchronous whirl stability of a rigid rotor supported on two symmetric hydrodynamic bearings with rough surfaces subjected to a unidirectional constant load. A Reynolds type equation for finite hydrodynamic bearings, with different models of rough surfaces, has been solved using the stochastic finite element method. The trajectories of the journal center have been obtained by solving the equations of motion of the journal center by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. Results show an increase in the stability with transverse roughness and a decrease in the stability with isotropic roughness. A small improvement in stability is obtained with longitudinal roughness. 相似文献
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库仑-阿蒙顿定律表明摩擦系数只取决于材料性质。现有研究表明,摩擦系数不仅与温度、相对运动速度、表面光洁度等有关,还与正压力有关。文章以圆柱与刚体平面接触为研究状况,使用分析软件,计算出摩擦系数解析式与物体的材料特性无关,适用性广。 相似文献
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采用ANSYS的APDL语言编程通过参数化变量方式实现了薄膜粗糙表面有摩擦接触问题的整个建模与分析过程,其中包括参数化生成满足高斯分布的随机粗糙表面与计及摩擦因数和薄膜/基体弹性模量比变化情况下的自动有限元分析过程。计算结果表明:当摩擦因数一定时,随着薄膜/基体弹性模量比的增大,应力分布逐渐向基体深处扩展,粗糙表面上各点接触压力一致减小,接触压力峰值减小的最大幅度为9.0%;当弹性模量比一定时,摩擦因数的变化对基体部分应力分布的影响不大,然而随着摩擦因数的增加,粗糙表面上各点接触压力增大,接触压力峰值增加的最大幅度为13.2%,可见摩擦因数和弹性模量比对薄膜粗糙表面的接触应力有明显影响。 相似文献
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基于二维数字滤波法模拟高斯粗糙表面,建立考虑高斯粗糙表面形貌及热效应的角接触球轴承微弹流润滑模型,采用多重网格积分法求解弹性变形,采用Gauss-Seidel及Jacobi迭代法迭代求解压力,采用逐步扫描法求解油膜能量方程,采用渐进网格加密法求解强耦合非线性微弹流润滑方程组。结果表明:当x、y方向自相关长度相同时,随着粗糙表面均方根值的增加,油膜压力及温度明显增加,膜厚显著减小;反之,油膜压力及膜厚在自相关长度较小的方向出现明显的纹理特性,且当纹理特性与润滑油流动方向相同时,油膜温度显著减小。 相似文献
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Powder lubrication has been studied using a plane contact tribometer. Four kinds of powders—polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphite, MoS2, and ball-like copper—were used during the experiments. The results show that powder can be introduced into frictional clearance without any special treatment. The powder's physical properties significantly influence the tribological characteristics in the powder lubrication. The friction coefficient and wear are obviously decreased when the powders are PTFE, graphite, and MoS2, which are excellent solid lubricants. At lower load capacity, powder lubrication using ball-like copper had certain antifriction effects, but it rapidly became worse with increasing load capacity. Observation with optical microscopy showed that the lubricant film is dynamically formed on the rubbing surfaces in most experiments. 相似文献
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Analyses are presented for cracking or delaminating problems of thin coatings on dissimilar thick substrate materials under a normal and a tangential force. Based on the energy principle associated with the consideration of substrate deformation, an analytical expression has been proposed to predict the critical load of an adherent stiff thin coating on a compliant substrate. The critical load has been shown to depend on the hardness, the coating thickness, the surface energy of adhesion, the coefficient of friction, contact areas of a scratch track, and elastic moduli of coatings and substrates. Experimental observations of microscratch testing on a CrN coating deposited on a soft coating, labeled as SC-I, over a Cu/Zn alloy substrate have shown that buckling and cracking in a semicircular arc ahead of an indenter are the predominant failure modes, thereby confirming the assumption of the theoretical calculation. Using Beuth's solution, a simple fracture model describing the cracking of thin coatings has been developed over a range of practical elastic mismatches and applied to solve cracking problems of compliant coatings in this work. Microscratch results from another soft coating, labeled as SC-II, on a Cu/Zn alloy substrate have revealed that cracks first occur along the edge of the circular contact area in the rear of the indenter due to the tensile stress. The stress formulae of Hamilton and Bower and Fleck are therefore introduced into this model to compute the critical load required to initiate a crack in the coating and the stress intensity factor of the coating. 相似文献
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多缸大功率船舶主机在一缸熄火后继续工作,将偏离设计工况,工作性能参数将发生较大变化。通过构建多体动力学计算模型,对比分析船舶主机在额定工况与一缸熄火工况下的主轴承润滑状况。在4#缸熄火状况下,其两侧主轴承MB4与MB5在其正常发火时刻,即曲轴转角188°附近载荷变化较大,由下瓦受力变成了上瓦受力;此时两轴承油膜压力分布也随之发生变化,高油压区分布于上瓦;轴承间隙高度与油膜压力相对应地变化;两轴承轴心运动轨迹出现明显改变,皆有剧烈的离心和向心运动,若长时间运行,轴承有发生穴蚀破坏的危险。 相似文献
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Kristian Tønder 《摩擦学汇刊》2013,56(3):326-333
The lubrication of area-distributed isotropic rough surfaces is studied by a Monte Carlo method. Small square elements of isotropically rough bearing surfaces are considered. Inside such an element, the film height values have a prescribed probability density distribution, but are generated in a random sequence. Mean unit flow and friction in the elements are determined by applying Reynolds' and solving it numerically by a finite-difference technique. The boundary conditions are provided by generating typical pressures along the elements edges. Accuracy in the computations is ensured by describing each basic valley-ridge trace by a minimum of 16 point values. The results demonstrate that isotropic roughness enhances pressure flow (compared with smooth bearings of the same nominal profile). A rough moving surface enhances shear flow while stationary roughness reduces it. However, quantitatively the results deviate from all current theories, including the one previously put forward by the author. The findings of the present analysis are readily expressible in a modified Reynolds' equation. 相似文献
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The hydrodynamic effect of viscoelasticity in bearing performance was investigated experimentally by measuring the pressure distribution of viscoelastic liquids and Newtonian liquids in a simulated plain journal bearing. The pressure distribution of the viscoelastic liquids was somewhat different from that of the Newtonian liquids, showing a flattening of the pressure profile and a shift of the circumferential position of the peak pressure. Such a difference contributes to a small recovery of the loss of the load-carrying capacity due to the non-Newtonian viscosity for viscoelastic liquids. It may also contribute to a further reduction of friction beyond the effect of shear thinning. The difference of cavitation on the divergent region of the bearing for these two different kinds of liquid was evident. The viscoelastic liquids showed less extent of cavitation. The experimental conditions conform closely to those used in the classical hydrodynamic lubrication theory. The experimental data indicate that the full fluid film occupies half a bearing starting at 0° and ending at 180°, and the subatmospheric pressure in the divergent region is leveled off at a certain negative pressure. Based on this boundary condition, a computer solution in solving the Reynolds equation for a finite bearing gives very good agreement with experiment. 相似文献
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弹性接触中的表面微滑问题及数值求解 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
研究法向载荷和切向载荷耦合作用下的三维弹性点接触问题.当切向载荷不足使接触体发生整体滑动时,接触面产生微滑区域.对于异质物体的接触,即使仅有法向载荷作用,由于变形的不协调,接触面同样会产生微滑区域.运用半解析的方法求解微滑接触问题,影响系数通过Green函数得到解析解,压力和切应力的求解基于共轭梯度法和快速傅里叶变换法.算法仅在关心的接触区域划分网格,缩短计算时间.通过对比光滑同质物体接触的数值解和解析解来验证算法.分析正弦异质表面接触的压力分布、切应力分布、粘着区域.结果显示,由于粗糙峰的存在,粘着区域为多个不连通的区域.随着切向力的增加,压力分布沿着切向力相反的方向倾斜,切应力τx逐步变为正值,粘着区域沿着切向力相反的方向移动并逐渐变小. 相似文献
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Adhesion can cause energy losses in asperities or particles coming into dynamic contact resulting in frictional dissipation, even if the deformation occurring is purely elastic. Such losses are of special significance in impact of nanoparticles and friction between surfaces under low contact pressure to hardness ratio. The objective of this work is to study the effect of adhesion during the normal impact of elastic spheres on a rigid half-space, with an emphasis on understanding the mechanism of energy loss. We use finite element method for modeling the impact phenomenon, with the adhesion due to van der Waals force and the short-range repulsion included as body forces distributed over the volume of the sphere. This approach, in contrast with commonly used surface force approximation, helps to model the interactions in a more precise way. We find that the energy loss in impact of elastic spheres is negligible unless there are adhesion-induced instabilities. Significant energy loss through elastic stress waves occurs due to jump-to-contact and jump-out-of-contact instabilities and can even result in capture of the elastic sphere on the half-space. 相似文献