脉动热管传热性能的实验研究

对脉动热管的运行进行了可视化实验,分析了影响脉动热管运行性能的因素,并且在不同的充液率、传热量和不凝性气体含量的条件下,对脉动热管的运行进行了测试,实验结果表明:脉动热管的整体热阻受充液率、传热量、不凝性气体的影响,存在最佳的充液率,在一定的条件下脉动热管的运行达到最佳。     

单回路脉动热管传热特性研究

试验研究了单回路紫铜-水脉动热管在3种充液率下的传热性能,理论分析了不同加热功率和充液率下工质的干度、流速、显热和潜热及其份额的变化特性。结果显示:较小传热功率时,减小充液率或增大加热功率会提高热管的传热性能;而较高传热功率时,充液率和加热功率对热管的传热性能影响较小。增加传热功率或减小充液率,会提高管内工质的流速及流量,提高热管的潜热传热量及潜热传热份额;显热量随加热功率和充液率的增加而增大。     

脉动热管运行可视化及传热与流动特性的实验研究

对脉动热管的运行进行了可视化实验 ,在不同的充灌率、倾角、截面形状、加热量条件下对脉动热管的运行进行了测试 ,实验结果表明 :脉动热管是一种十分有效的散热技术 ;脉动热管存在传热极限 ;在最佳充灌率 (5 0 % )和最佳倾角 (5 0°)下运行的脉动热管传热极限最高 ,高热流密度下的传热热阻最低 ;当热流密度较小时 ,三角形通道的脉动热管要优于正方形通道的脉动热管 ,但当热流密度较大时 ,通道形状对热阻和单位截面传热极限影响不大 ;通道大小对热管的热性能影响很小     

下冷式脉动热管太阳能集热器传热性能实验研究

实验研究和分析了一种新型下冷式脉动热管太阳能集热器的传热特性。与传统太阳能集热器相比,下冷式脉动热管太阳能集热器水箱位于底部,真空玻璃管不盛水并嵌于水箱上,脉动热管作为传热元件,一部分置于真空玻璃管内,另一部分封于水箱中。实验过程中通过调整脉动热管冷热段间的比例,研究不同情况下集热器启动、运行特性及传热性能。结果表明,在集热器倾角为70°、脉动热管充液率为55%的情况下,脉动热管的当量导热系数随冷热段比例的减小而先升后降;当冷热段比例为47%时,脉动热管的启动温度最低、传热性能最优。     

脉动热管的研究综述

自从上世纪九十年代初期脉动热管问世以来,对它的研究主要是建立数学模型的理论研究,还有关于运行机理的可视化,以及充液率、管径、加热端与冷却端相对位置、工质、不凝性气体等参数对脉动热管的热性能影响的实验研究。对于脉动热管优化和设计的完整方案还需要进一步的研究。文中主要介绍了有关脉动热管研究的近期进展,并对脉动热管的进一步研究和在电子冷却中的应用做了展望。     

氨工质平板式环路热管的传热性能研究

为了解决平板式蒸发器环路热管面对高集成电子元器件在较长传热距离下的散热能力不足等问题,本文采用更大面积的毛细芯和蒸发器,研制了一个传热距离达到1.6m的氨-不锈钢环路热管系统并进行了大量实验.实验过程中,加热壁面温度控制在70℃以下.实验结果表明,在热沉温度为-10℃的情况下,该环路热管可以在2.5W到180 W的热负...     

矩形和圆形槽道脉动热管传热性能的实验研究

为了探讨不同截面形状的脉动热管在复杂工况下的传热性能,本文设计了矩形和圆形两种截面形状的脉动热管,采用对比实验的方法探究不同截面形状的脉动热管在水平、竖直工况下,不同功率对其传热性能的影响。实验结果表明:水平工况下矩形脉动热管表面温度和最大温差均低于圆形管;随着功率负荷增加,两种脉动热管表面温度及最大温差均增大,在高功率区,圆形管最大温差明显高于矩形管;竖直工况相比于水平工况,脉动热管表面温度及最大温差均降低。因此,矩形脉动热管相比于圆形脉动热管更适合在电子芯片散热领域中应用。     

开式热管传热特性的实验研究

对新型换热元件开式热管的传热特怀进行了实验研究，结果表明开式热管存在两个传热转折点。其实际工作的最佳范围应在两个传热转折点之间。本文给工度经、小孔直径及小孔位置变化工式热管传热能力的实验结果。为合理设计开式热管理提供了参考实验数据。     

长距离环路热管传热性能实验研究

基于航空航天等领域对环路热管长距离传热的需求,设计制造了一套传热距离8.1m的圆柱型蒸发器环路热管,试验了不同加热功率、不同冷凝温度下该环路热管的启动和变工况运行性能,并对其热阻及最大传热能力进行了分析。研究结果表明：当其他条件一致、初始气液分布相同和不同时,加热功率由100W增大至160W后,本研究中的环路热管启动时间和启动温升均发生一定程度的下降;加热功率100W时,冷凝温度由10℃降低至-10℃使得环路热管启动时间增加,加热功率160W时,冷凝温度由10℃降至-10℃对环路热管的启动时间影响不大。在冷凝温度0℃下,该环路热管在100~500W范围内均能稳定运行,且200W时环路热管传热效率最高,传热温差最小,稳定运行温度最低;另外,由于系统传输距离较长,每个工况达到稳定所需要的时间也较长,分布于1000至3500S内。随着加热功率的增大,环路热管热阻先减小后逐渐增大,该环路热管传热热阻最大不超过0.09℃/W,最小为0.024℃/W;随着传热距离的增大,管路的热损失增加,总压降和热阻也变大。当传热距离基本相同时,蒸发器容积的大小、冷凝器的冷凝能力及气液管线的布置形状均在一定程度上影响环路热管的最大传热能力。     

氧化石墨烯对脉动热管传热性能的影响

实验选用外径为4mm、内径为2mm的铜质脉动热管研究了氧化石墨烯对以去离子水和体积分数为50%的乙醇溶液为工质的脉动热管传热性能的影响。实验分别采用加有少量氧化石墨烯的去离子水溶液(简称氧化石墨烯水溶液)和体积分数为50%的乙醇溶液(简称氧化石墨烯乙醇溶液),氧化石墨烯质量分数均为0.03%。实验发现：氧化石墨烯对以去离子水为工质的脉动热管传热性能具有强化作用,对以体积分数为50%的乙醇溶液为工质的脉动热管传热性能的影响较差,但都和脉动热管的加热功率密切相关。对于以去离子水为工质的脉动热管,在加热功率低于20W时,氧化石墨烯对脉动热管的强化作用较弱;当加热功率在30～60W之间时,氧化石墨烯对脉动热管的强化作用较强,在3.71～11.33%之间,且强化作用随加热功率的增大呈逐渐增强趋势;但随着功率继续增大,氧化石墨烯的强化作用逐渐减弱,当加热功率达到80W后,热管传热性能减弱,原因可能是氧化石墨烯颗粒出现了沉降现象。     

Experimental research on heat transfer of pulsating heat pipe

Experimental research was conducted to understand heat transfer characteristic of pulsating heat pipe in this paper, and the PHP is made of high quality glass capillary tube. Under different fill ratio, heat transfer rate and many other influence factors, the flow patterns were observed in the start-up, transition and stable stage. The effects of heating position on heat transfer were discussed. The experimental results indicate that no annular flow appears in top heating condition. Under different fall ratios and heat transfer rate, the flow pattern in PHP is transferred from bulk flow to semi-annular flow and annular flow, and the performance of heat transfer is improved for down heating case. The experimental results indicate that the total heat resistant of PHP is increased with fill ratio, and heat transfer rate achieves optimum at filling rate 50%. But for pulsating heat pipe with changing diameters the thermal resistance is higher than that with uniform diameters.     

Experimental study on rack cooling system based on a pulsating heat pipe

A rack cooling system based on a large scale flat plate pulsating heat pipe is proposed. The heat generated from IT equipment in a closed rack is transferred by the rear door pulsating heat pipe to the chilled air passage and is avoided to release into the room. The influence of the start-up performance of the heat pipe, the load of the rack and the load dissipation to the temperature and the velocity distribution in the rack are discussed. It is found that the temperature would be lower and the temperature distribution would be more uniform in the rack when the pulsating heat pipe is in operation. Also, the effect of rack electricity load on temperature distribution is analyzed. It is indicated that higher velocity of chilled air will improve heat transfer of the rack.     

利用流体脉动强化换热的试验研究

通过管内流体脉动的试验研究，分析脉动流体的水力参数和脉动特性对强化换热的影响规律。采用自行研制的自激振荡腔作为流体产生脉动的装置，并通过改变自激振荡腔的腔室长度和后喷嘴长度来达到调节流体脉动特性参数的目的。结果表明：流体的水力参数和自激振荡腔结构对流体脉动强化换热都有显的影响，随着流量或自激振荡腔腔室长度的增加，换热效果将增强；而后喷嘴长度则存在一个最优尺寸，在此处，换热效果最好。     

An experimental investigation on heat transfer performance of nanofluid pulsating heat pipe

The effect of SiO2 particles on heat transfer performance of a pulsating heat pipe(PHP) was investigated experimentally.DI water was used as the base fluid and contrast medium for the PHP.In order to study and measure the character,there are SiO2 /H2 O nanofluids with different concentration and applying with various heating powers during the experiment investigation.According to the experimental result,the high fraction of SiO2 /H2 O will deteriorate the performance of PHP compared with DI water,i.e.the thermal resistance and the temperature of evaporation section increases.It is in contrary in the case of low fraction of SiO2 /H2 O.Finally,the comparison of the thermal performances between the normal operation system and the static settlement system is given.It is found that both the thermal resistance of nanofluid PHP and the temperature of the evaporation section increase after standing for a period,and it is the same trend for the temperature fluctuation at the identical heating power for PHP.     

Experimental study of flow patterns and improved configurations for pulsating heat pipes

A series of experiments were performed on three types of closed loop pulsating heat pipes(PHPs),intending toinvestigate various kinds of flow patterns,and to develop some improved configurations for the PHPs.Opticalvisualization results indicated that there might exist three flow patterns,i.e.bubble-liquid slug flow,semi-annularflow and annular flow,corresponding to different working conditions.For a given geometry and an adequate fillratio,the PHPs had the self-adjusting characteristic for the flow patterns(from slug flow to semi-annular and thento annular flow)to meet the demands of the increasing heat input.Two special configurations,one with alter-nately varying channel diameter,the other equipped with one section of thicker tube,were found to be advanta-geous in establishing and maintaining reliable circulation of the working fluid.The thermal performance of thePHPs was examined over a range of working conditions.Comparing with the normal PHP with uniform diameter,either of the improved PHPs exhibited higher thermal performance.     

Experimental investigations on operating characteristics of a closed loop pulsating heat pipe

The operating mechanism of the pulsating heat pipe (PHP) is not well understood and the present technology cannot predict required design parameters for a given task. The aim of research work presented in this paper is to better understand the operation regimes of the PHP through experimental investigations. A series of experiments were conducted on a closed loop PHP with 5 turns made of copper capillary tube of 2 mm in inner diameter. Two different working fluids viz. ethanol and acetone were employed. The operating characteristics were studied for the variation of heat input, filling ratio (FR) and inclination angle of the tested device. The results strongly demonstrate the effect of the filling ratio of the working fluid on the operational stability and heat transfer capability of the device. Important insight into the operational characteristics of PHP has been obtained.     

平行流热管管内流动与传热的数值模拟研究

为研究平行流热管的工作机理,本文基于Fluent软件中的VOF模型编写了蒸发冷凝相变的UDF程序,对不同功率下平行流热管管内两相流动和传热过程进行了数值模拟研究。模拟结果显示了初始阶段平行流热管管内的气液分布,启动阶段管内包括泡状流、弹状流、环状流等复杂流型的转变过程,稳定工作阶段工质在各并联管路中互激振荡流动。在高加热功率下,管内工质的互激振荡流动更为剧烈,热量输送距离更远。研究结果为平行流热管换热器的优化设计提供了参考依据。     

脉动热管用于空调排风余冷回收的试验研究

设计加工1台脉动热管式换热器,用于夏季工况空调排风的余冷回收。通过实验,分析了风速、新排风温差等因素对余冷回收效率的影响,以及两侧压力损失随风速的变化情况。结果表明,余冷回收效率随新风、排风温差增大而升高,随风速的增大而降低。该换热器具有一定的优势,但还需进一步改进结构,以提高其效率。