TiZrNiCu钎料钎焊Ti53311S高温钛合金接头界面结构及性能

采用TiZrNiCu钎料实现了Ti53311S高温钛合金的钎焊连接,通过SEM、EDS、微区XRD等方法分析了接头界面的微观组织结构,重点研究了钎焊温度对接头界面结构及力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,钎焊接头的典型界面结构为:Ti53311S/α+β/(Ti,Zr)2(Cu,Ni)化合物/α+β/Ti53311S;随钎焊温度的升高,(Ti,Zr)2(Cu,Ni)化合物数量不断减少,当钎焊温度超过α+β→β转变温度时,钎缝及钛合金母材均形成片层状α+β组织;接头抗拉强度随钎焊温度升高逐渐增加后趋于稳定,当在1010℃/10 min条件下钎焊时,接头平均抗拉强度最大为912.8 MPa,断口分析表明,断裂发生于钎缝处,为脆性解理断裂。     

钎焊温度对Ti53311S高温钛合金接头界面结构及力学性能的影响

以Ti53311S高温钛合金接头为研究对象,分析了Ti53311S高温钛合金接头钎焊前后的界面结构和力学性能。结果表明,随着钎焊温度的升高,(Ti,Zr)2(Cu,Ni)化合物带逐渐消失,初生α相全部转换为β相,最终转变成为片状结构的(α+β)两相组织。     

TC4/Ti60合金钎焊接头界面组织及力学性能

采用TiZrNiCu非晶钎料实现了TC4和Ti60异种钛合金的真空钎焊连接,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等分析手段研究了钎焊工艺参数对接头界面组织结构及力学性能的影响. 结果表明,TC4/TiZrNiCu/Ti60钎焊接头的典型界面结构为:TC4/α-Ti+β-Ti+(Ti,Zr)2(Ni,Cu)/Ti60. 随着钎焊温度升高或保温时间延长,片层状α+β相逐渐填充整条钎缝,(Ti,Zr)2(Ni,Cu)相含量减少且分布更加均匀. 接头室温抗拉强度随钎焊温度或保温时间的增加均先增大后减小,在990 ℃/10 min钎焊条件下所获接头抗拉强度达到最大为535.3 MPa. 断口分析结果表明,断裂位于钎缝中,断裂方式为脆性断裂.     

TiZrNiCu非晶钎料钎焊TiB_w/TC4复合材料和Ti60合金（英文）

使用TiZrNiCu非晶钎料成功实现了TiB_w/TC4复合材料和Ti60合金的钎焊连接。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪及万能材料试验机表征钎焊接头的组织及性能。在940°C保温10 min下,钎焊接头的典型界面组织为Ti Bw/TC4复合材料/β-Ti+Ti B晶须/(Ti,Zr)_2(Ni,Cu)金属间化合物层/β-Ti层/Ti60合金。钎焊过程中元素向母材中的扩散过程直接影响接头界面结构。钎焊温度的升高使(Ti,Zr)_2(Ni,Cu)金属间化合物层的厚度减小,当钎焊温度超过1020°C时,(Ti,Zr)_2(Ni,Cu)金属间化合物层消失。钎焊温度较低时,生成的脆性相(Ti,Zr)_2(Ni,Cu)不利于接头性能。接头剪切强度随钎焊温度的升高呈先增加后降低的趋势,在1020°C下获得最大的剪切强度368.6 MPa;而当钎焊温度达到1060°C时,接头强度降低,这是由于形成了粗大的层状(α+β)-Ti组织。     

TC4/TNM钎焊接头界面组织及性能

采用Ti-25.65Zr-13.3Cu-12.35Ni-3Co-2Mo(wt.%)非晶箔带钎料在900 ℃~1020 ℃/10 min工艺下真空钎焊连接TC4和TNM合金,并系统研究了TC4/TNM钎焊接头的界面组织和形成机理以及钎焊温度对界面组织和剪切强度的影响规律。结果表明：钎焊温度900～980 ℃时接头的组织为TC4/细小网篮状(α+β)-Ti/γ-(Ti,Zr)2(Cu,Ni) + α-Ti/Ti3Al/TNM,随钎焊温度升高,钎缝中硬脆的γ相减少、韧性的α-Ti增加。钎焊温度1000 ℃和1020 ℃时,接头的界面反应层由三层演变成两层且对应的物相分别是韧性差的粗针状(α+β)-Ti和Ti3Al,粗针状(α+β)-Ti随温度升高进一步粗化。钎焊接头剪切强度随温度升高先增加后减小,钎焊温度980 ℃时剪切强度达到最大值494.83 MPa。剪切测试的钎焊接头均脆性断裂于TNM侧的钎缝中。     

TC4合金与SiO2复合材料钎焊接头界面结构及性能

采用AgCu-4.5Ti钎料直接钎焊TC4钛合金与SiO2复合材料,研究了接头界面组织结构及形成机理,分析了不同工艺参数下界面变化对接头抗剪强度的影响。研究表明：接头界面典型结构为SiO2复合材料/TiSi2/Cu4Ti3+Cu3Ti3O/ Ag(s,s)+Cu(s,s)/TiCu/Ti2Cu/α,β-Ti/TC4;钎焊温度的升高可促进两侧母材界面反应层厚度的增加,同时钎缝中部的AgCu共晶组织消失,化合物相增多;随着接头界面结构的变化,接头抗剪强度表现出先升高后降低的趋势：当钎焊温度为850 ℃,保温10 min时,接头室温最高抗剪强度达到7.8 MPa     

钎焊温度对TC4/Ti60接头组织及性能的影响

为研究钎焊温度对TC4/Ti60接头组织及力学性能的影响,采用纯铜箔作为中间层对TC4与Ti60合金进行接触反应钎焊,钎焊温度范围为970~1 010℃.采用SEM,EDS,XRD,拉剪试验对接头组织及力学性能进行研究.结果表明,接头的典型界面组织为TC4/α-Ti+Ti_2Cu/Ti_2Cu/Ti Cu/Ti_2Cu/α-Ti+Ti_2Cu/Ti60.随着钎焊温度的升高,基体侧的反应扩散层厚度增加,钎缝厚度及Ti-Cu金属间化合物含量逐渐减少,钎缝成分趋于均匀化.接头抗剪度随钎焊温度的升高先增加后减少,当钎焊工艺为1 000℃保温10 min时,接头抗剪强度最高为130 MPa.断口分析表明,接头断裂于钎缝与扩散反应层之间,断裂方式为准解理断裂.     

钛合金TC6与TC11高频感应钎焊工艺

以B-Ti57CuZrNi-S为钎料,在氩气保护气氛下对TC6/TC11钛合金进行高频感应钎焊工艺实验研究。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱分析(EDS)等测试方法,分析气体保护流量、流态以及工艺参数对焊接界面形貌、接头组织及元素分布的影响,并测试接头的抗拉强度。结果表明,钎焊界面主要由富Ti的β-Ti固溶组织和Cu-Ti、Ni-Ti以及(Cu,Ni)Ti/Zr组成的金属间化合物相组成。钎焊接头的抗拉强度随钎焊温度的升高或保温时间的延长,呈现先升高后降低的趋势,接头最高强度可达433MPa。TC6/TC11钛合金高频感应钎焊优化工艺参数带为:焊接温度910℃~930℃,保温时间120~150 s,Ar气保护流量1 MPa。     

钛及钛合金电弧钎焊及接头强度

用Ti—Cu—Ni，Ti-Cr-Zr钎料在TIG电弧加热条件对TA2和Ti—6Al—4V钛合金进行钎焊。结果表明：用Ti—Cu—Ni钎料钎焊TA2和Ti—6Al—4V钛合金的搭接接头强度分别是418．3MPa和439．6MPa；用Ti—Cr—Zr钎料钎焊TA2和Ti—6Al—4V钛合金的搭接接头强度分别是575．2MPa和656．1MPa。对Ti-Cu-Ni钎料／母材界面分析认为固液异分化合物η相((Cu，Ni)Ti2)生成时呈笋状生长，嵌入钎缝对钎缝的强度提高有利。对Ti-Cr-Zr钎料／母材界面分析，认为主要是固溶体β-Ti(Cr)存在提高了钎缝强度。     

TiAl与Ni基合金接触反应钎焊接头界面组织及性能

以Ti为中间层实现了TiAl与Ni基合金的接触反应钎焊。采用扫描电镜和电子探针等手段对钎焊接头的界面结构及生成相进行分析,并对接头剪切强度进行测试。结果表明:当钎焊温度为960℃时,钎缝主要由Tiss和Ti2Ni组成;当钎焊温度从960℃升高到1000℃时,钎缝中生成Ti-Al及Al-Ni-Ti化合物,典型界面结构为:GH99/(Ni,Cr)ss/Ti2Ni+AlNi2Ti+TiNi/Ti3Al+Al3NiTi2/Ti3Al+Al3NiTi2/TiAl;钎焊温度继续升高,Ti3Al和Al3NiTi2变得粗大,导致接头性能下降。当钎焊温度为1000℃,保温10min时,接头剪切强度达到最大值233MPa。随钎焊温度的升高,钎缝厚度先增加后减小。     

Associative Memory Content-ADDRESSED Memory Fault-TOLERANCE Multiple Associative Recall Adjustable-PRECISION Memory Binary Mappings Information Retrieval Address-BASED Memory High-CAPACITY Memory Interference

This paper presents an approach to design of a neural architecture for both associative (content-addressed) and address-based memories. Several interesting properties of the memory module are mathematically analyzed in detail. When used as an associative memory, the proposed neural memory module supports recall from partial input patterns, (sequential) multiple recalls and fault-tolerance. When used as an address-based memory, the memory module can provide working space for dynamic representations for symbol processing and shared message-passing among neural network modules within an integrated neural network system. It also provides for real-time update of memory contents by one-shot learning without interference with other stored patterns.     

奇特的记忆合金

记忆是人类和某些动物才具有的本领,但有一种金属也具有"记忆"能力.对于非生物的金属材料来说,这显然是一种惊人的奇异功能.1961年的一天,美国海军研究所的一个研究小组,因工作需要领来一批弯弯曲曲的镍钛合金丝.为了好用,小组里的人把细丝一根一根地拉直.但在无意之中发现这些镍钛合金丝在接近火的时候,立即恢复到原来的弯曲形状.他们反复试验多次,证实这种现象是可以重复的,好象镍钛合金丝在温度升高的时候能记起自己原来的形状似的.     

奇妙的记忆金属

<正> 一辆精美的自行车遭到碰撞,变成歪歪扭扭的怪模样之后,骑之不能,弃之可惜,使人懊恼。但近年问世的记忆金属却可使这种懊恼烟消云散。用这种金属制成的车辆,即使撞得面目全非,只要拿到火上微微一烘,或放入热水稍稍一浸,即可     

一种新型的形状记忆合金记忆疲劳寿命衡量指标

本文提出一种新的观点 ,采用回复力衡量形状记忆合金的记忆疲劳寿命 ,与用回复率衡量记忆疲劳寿命相比 ,具有循环次数少、效率高且较精确等优点。     

Labelling Recursive Auto-associative Memory

In this paper, we propose an extension to the recursive auto-associative memory (RAAM) by Pollack. This extension, the labelling RAAM (LRAAM), can encode labelled graphs with cycles by representing pointers explicitly. Some technical problems encountered in the RAAM, such as the termination problem in the learning and decoding processes, are solved more naturally in the LRAAM framework. The representations developed for the pointers seem to be robust to recurrent decoding along a cycle. Theoretical and experimental results show that the performances of the proposed learning scheme depend on the way the graphs are represented in the training set. Critical features for the representation are cycles and confluent pointers. Data encoded in a LRAAM can be accessed by a pointer as well as by content. Direct access by content can be achieved by transforming the encoder network of the LRAAM into a particular bidirectional associative memory (BAM). Statistics performed on different instances of LRAAM show a strict connection between the associated BAM and a standard BAM. Different access procedures can be defined depending on the access key. The access procedures are not wholly reliable; however, they seem to have a good success rate. The generalization test for the RAAM is no longer complete for the LRAAM. Some suggestions on how to solve this problem are given. Some results on modular LRAAM, stability and application to neural dynamics control are summarized.     

Swan-like Memory Compressive Connector

Nonunion is a common complication after fractures of the diaphysis of the upper extremity. Conventional internal fixation cannot provide compressive stress at the fracture site, which is critical for fracture repair in nonweight-bearing bones. In order to overcome this problem, we developed a novel nitinol device that provides initial and continuous compression and three dimensional fixation, the swan-like memory compressive connector (SMC). A total of 188 cases (243 bones) of fractures and nonunions were treated by SMC over the course of 16 years. At follow-up, the nonunion sites were bridged by plate-like bone in 92 cases (106 bones) at an average of 3.8 months after surgery. In the fracture group, the fracture sites were bridged by plate-like bone in 93 cases (134 bones) at an average of 2.6 months after surgery. No infection or re-fracture occurred after removal of the SMC. There was no persistent joint dysfunction caused by the SMC.