含硅铸铝合金的化学氧化着色

介绍了含硅铸铝合金的化学氧化着色工艺，分析了氧化过过程中发生的化学反应及对氧化着色的影响，并指出了获得优良膜层的工艺控制因素。     

铝合金无铬化学氧化研究进展

采用铬酸盐溶液对铝合金进行化学表面处理,形成的表面膜含有高污染且不易沉降的铬离子,这不仅给作业人员的健康造成危害,而且还污染环境,因此世界各国都在研制开发对环境无害的铝合金防腐蚀处理方法。对国内外铝合金无铬化学转化处理的研究现状进行了综述,分析了其发展前景。     

铝及铝合金电镀新技术

本文综述了国内近几年对铝及铝合金龟镀新技术的应用，改进预镀工艺，优化中间镀层，研究阳极氧化与电沉积相结合处理法。     

浅论铝及铝合金的表面处理技术

对铝及铝合金表面处理技术的研究状况进行总结。     

铝氧化标牌面板制作工艺

铝氧化标牌面板制作方法多种多样，在制作文字图形方面，丝网印刷起着重要作用。如平面氧化着色标牌用网印做防染保护层，二次氧化肯色标牌川网印做抗蚀层，组合工艺中用网印做抗喷砂层，多色印染标牌则网印渗透油墨在铝氧化膜上制作文字图形，也有用铝氧化染色做底色上面网印各色文字图形等等。下面介绍各种铝氧化标牌面板的制作方法，从中可以看到丝网印刷在这些制作方法中所起的重要作用。一　一次铝氧化法 １．铝本色亮字、黑底色标牌 工艺过程：开料落形→机械抛光→电解抛光或化学抛光→阳极氧化→丝网印刷→染色→去漆膜→封孔处理→…     

高级化学氧化工艺在制浆废水处理的应用

高级化学氧化 （ Ａｄｖａｎｃｅｄ Ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎ Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ , 简称 Ａ Ｏ Ｐｓ） 是一项新兴的现代水处理技术, 其在处理水中难生物降解毒性有机污染物等方面具有广阔的应用前景。该文简要介绍了几种典型高级化学氧化工艺的基本原理与特点, 综述了 Ａ Ｏ Ｐｓ 技术在制浆造纸工业废水处理方面的研究进展, 并就该技术在处理高浓难降解工业有机废水方面的优势、存在的问题及发展前景作了一些评述。     

铸造铝合金熔液的净化技术

介绍了铸造铝合金熔液的净化目的、原则及方法，阐述了吸附精炼的方法，精炼剂的组成与作用。     

粮仓谷物温度场数学模型的研究与应用

介绍了根据测量得到的有限个典型的离散温度数据,利用最小二乘法拟合出粮仓温度在其空间坐标上的分布函数,从而可以较精确地估计粮仓内任一点的温度值,该数学模型的应用大大节约了硬件资源,方便了测量工作.     

Photosensitized oxidation of substituted phenols on aluminum phthalocyanine-intercalated organoclay

Bentonite modified with cationic surfactant, cetyltri-methylammonium bromide (CTMA), was an effective sorbent for organic pollutants in water. To make the sorbent recyclable, aluminum phthalocyanine (AIPc), a representative photosensitizer for generation of singlet oxygen, was inserted successfully into the interlamellar space of CTMA-modified bentonite. Under visible light (lambda > 450 nm) irradiation, the composite catalyst exhibited a remarkable activity for degradation of the recalcitrant pollutants phenol, 4-chlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in an aerated aqueous medium. The initial rate of the heterogeneous photoreaction was found to increase with the initial amount of the substrate sorption onto the catalyst, the kinetics following the Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation. Loading of AIPc into the organoclay led to slight expansion of the clay basal spacings from 1.82 to 2.15 nm, but the sorption capacity was decreased notably. The optimal loading of AIPc was about 0.25 wt %. The result demonstrates thatthe surfactant-modified bentonite not only offers a hydrophobic zone for enrichment of organic contaminants but also provides a flexible environment for destruction of the sorbed pollutants by singlet oxygen generated in situ. It was noted, however, that during four repeated experiments, both the sorption and the degradation rate of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were gradually decreased, due to some intermediates formed and sorbed onto the catalyst surface.     

2010年南宁市面制食品铝污染状况调查及人群暴露量评估

目的调查南宁市面制食品中铝污染状况,并评估居民的铝暴露情况,为今后的监管提供依据。方法 2010年按分层抽样方法采集南宁市场早餐供应点及大型超市出售的六类面制食品共101份,按照国家标准方法检测面制食品中铝的含量。参考2002年广西居民膳食营养调查中面及其制品的摄入量,评估居民面制食品中铝的暴露量。结果南宁市面制食品铝含量的均值为336.7 mg/kg,对面制食品的铝平均暴露量为每人每周1.41 mg;南宁市面制食品铝含量的P90值为977.1 mg/kg,对面制食品铝暴露量的P90值为每人每周4.10 mg。南宁市居民的铝平均暴露量相当于FAO/WHO推荐的暂定每周容许摄入量(PTWI)的70.5%,而以面制食品铝P90含量计算的南宁市居民的铝暴露量相当于FAO/WHO推荐的PTWI的205%。结论目前南宁市居民面制食品的铝暴露量存在安全隐患,这主要与FAO/WHO降低铝的PTWI有关,但关键是需要切实加强面制食品的监督管理,降低面制食品中铝含量。     

食品接触用铝和铝合金材料及制品中铝元素的迁移及风险评估

目的 研究食品接触用铝和铝合金材料及制品中的铝在不同食品模拟物及迁移条件下的迁移规律,开展来源于食品接触用铝和铝合金材料及制品的铝的风险评估,评估其膳食暴露风险,提出安全性管理建议。方法 选择4%乙酸(体积分数)、5 g/L柠檬酸和人造自来水3种食品模拟物,分别在煮沸0.5 h后室温放置24 h和煮沸2 h两种迁移试验条件下开展3次迁移试验,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪检测铝迁移量,研究铝的迁移规律。结果 食品接触用铝和铝合金材料及制品中铝元素的迁移量在3次迁移试验中无明显规律,在4%乙酸(体积分数)及5 g/L柠檬酸中的迁移量远高于人造自来水;膳食暴露评估结果显示,通过铝和铝合金制品摄入的铝元素的估计膳食暴露量可达0.65～51.21 mg/(kg·BW·w),风险较高,应引起关注。结论 来源于食品接触用铝和铝合金材料及制品的铝膳食摄入存在一定风险,建议基于更为准确的膳食摄入量数据进一步开展膳食暴露评估,同时建议采取风险管理措施管控铝元素的迁移,并通过科普宣传和行业创新等手段控制铝元素的迁移风险。     

Critical evaluation of non-thermal plasma as an innovative accelerated lipid oxidation technique in fish oil

Food products enriched with healthier unsaturated fatty acids are more sensitive to lipid oxidation, leading to an overall quality deterioration and the development of unwanted aroma properties. To evaluate the oxidative stability a wide range of techniques has been described in literature, of which most are thermally based. These unrealistic test conditions result in the induction of deviating oxidation chemistry compared to that observed during ambient storage. Non-thermal plasma technology is capable to generate a wide range of highly reactive oxidative species (e.g. atomic oxygen, hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen) while maintaining ambient temperatures. For the first time, a DBD-plasma jet (Ar/0.6% O₂) is used on fish oil samples as a faster and more realistic accelerated lipid oxidation method. This paper critically evaluates both a thermal as a non-thermal plasma based accelerated oxidation protocol using naturally aged fish oil as reference. Experiments were done using both virgin, as alpha-tocopherol-enriched fish oil samples. Secondary lipid oxidation volatiles were measured using HS-SPME–GC–MS. Both accelerated oxidation techniques induced the formation of typical lipid oxidation markers (e.g. 2-propenal, (E)-2-pentenal, heptanal), however in both cases significant differences were observed compared to the naturally aged fish oil. On the other side, non-thermal plasma correctly predicted an antioxidative effect when 1000 μg/g alpha-tocopherol was added to the fish oil, while thermally based tests resulted in the induction of prooxidative chemistry. Despite the differences with naturally aged fish oil, several non-thermal plasma characteristics (reactor configuration, gas feed mixture, power source, …) can be fine-tuned to evolve towards a technology that is capable to accelerate lipid oxidation in a highly realistic manner.     

南宁市部分面制食品中铝含量调查

目的 了解南宁市区几种常见面制食品中铝的含量,探寻铝污染食品的影响因素,为监管部门制定防制措施提供依据.方法 在南宁市区酒店、学校和街头零售摊位随机抽取油条28份、糕点32份和膨化食品10份样品进行检测和评价.结果 3类常见面制食品铝含量范围为42.8 ～ 120 6 mg/kg,平均含量为336.7 mg/kg.油条中90％的样品铝含量在320～120 6 mg/kg之间;3类面制食品铝的总体超标率为60.0％,油条、糕点、膨化食品铝超标率分别为92.9％、46.9％、10.0％;酒店、学校和街头零售摊位的油条糕点类面制食品中铝超标率分别为65.8％(25/38)、53.8％ (7/13)、100.0％(9/9),现做现卖的油条糕点类面制食品比定型包装的膨化食品的铝超标率高.结论 南宁市面制食品中铝超标严重,建议进一步加强食品安全监管力度.     

毛精纺弹性产品和非弹性处理产品的工艺对比

文章介绍了毛精纺产品中弹性产品与正常产品在工艺设计方面的不同,主要分析了弹性产品中的莱卡产品和后弹性整理产品与正常产品的工艺对比.从生产加工的各个工艺流程分析对比,强调弹性产品在后整理工序的不同,以及莱卡产品在纺纱工艺中的不同.从生产实践来看,弹性产品比正常成品难控制,分别有各自的控制点.     

聚硅酸硫酸铝絮凝剂铝硅间的相互作用及其絮凝机理

从硅酸的聚合机理及铝盐性质出发,提出了铝盐与聚硅酸颗粒间的作用模型;并利用Zeta电位测定及红外技术对聚硅酸硫酸铝絮凝剂(简称PSAS)的絮凝机理加以分析探讨.结果表明在废水中絮凝剂与废水胶体颗粒间几乎不起化学反应,而主要以物理作用的形式相结合.