预紧高速角接触球轴承动力学特性分析

以弹性力学理论、滚动轴承动力学分析理论和沟道控制理论为基础,建立了预紧高速角接触球轴承的动力学方程,采用Newton-Raphson迭代法进行求解,对预紧高速角接触球轴承的动力特性进行分析。实例表明:随着预紧力的增加,内接触角减小而外接触角增大,球的离心力、陀螺力矩和旋滚比减小,球与内、外圈的接触变形、接触应力、接触载荷及轴承刚度增大;定压预紧轴承动力特性参数受预紧力变化的影响较大,而定位预紧轴承的接触变形、接触应力、接触载荷及刚度等动力特性参数值较大。     

成对角接触球轴承动刚度分析

为分析成对安装角接触球轴承的刚度特性,建立了角接触球轴承拟静力学分析模型。通过求解成对轴承的非线性方程组,计算成对轴承刚度矩阵。并以成对安装的7210C角接触球轴承为研究对象,分析在2种安装布局下转速、径向力、轴向力、预紧力对成对轴承刚度的影响,结果表明:2种安装布局下成对轴承轴向和径向刚度随转速增大而减小,背靠背安装时成对轴承角刚度远大于面对面安装时的角刚度;背靠背安装时成对轴承刚度随径向力增大而先减小后增大,面对面安装时成对轴承径向和轴向刚度随径向力增大而减小,角刚度逐渐增大;背靠背安装时成对轴承刚度随轴向力增大而先减小后增大,面对面安装时成对轴承径向刚度随轴向力增大而减小,轴向刚度先减小后增大,角刚度逐渐增大;2种安装布局下成对轴承刚度随预紧力增大而增大。     

多因素作用下航天轴承预紧力分析

针对复杂的空间环境,以航天机构驱动单元轴系的71807C角接触球轴承为研究对象,基于滚动轴承静力学建立了滚动轴承预紧模型。在预紧模型的基础上,建立了环境温度、工作载荷、安装过盈量和磨损量多因素作用下轴承预紧力计算模型,并以71807C型角接触球轴承为例,分析多因素作用下轴承预紧力变化规律。结果表明:在低温、小过盈工况下,预紧力随磨损深度增大而极易出现预紧失效;磨损初期,轴承工作在高温、大过盈量工况下,较易出现机构卡死;环境温度、安装过盈量、磨损量对预紧影响显著,径向载荷影响较小。     

预紧力对轴承接触状态及电主轴回转性能的影响

高速电主轴角接触球轴承的性能由转速、支承刚度、旋转精度和摩擦生热等因素决定,这些因素都直接关系到轴承在轴向预紧力作用下的接触特性。研究了轴承滚动体与滚道在轴向预紧力变化下的接触特性。提出了一种利用开尔文四线法测定轴承不同轴向预紧力下接触电阻的新方法。结果表明,随着轴承轴向预紧力的增大,接触电阻呈非线性减小。对于角接触球轴承,当轴向预紧力大于一定值时,接触电阻趋向平稳,形成"L"型曲线。进一步研究了轴向预紧力对背靠背角接触球轴承对作为大型电主轴一端支撑的旋转精度的影响。研究表明,轴承外圈径向跳动随着轴向预紧载荷的增大呈现"降-升-降"的波动趋势,反映了径向游隙变化以及背对背轴承对隔离挡圈平行度误差对轴承外圈姿态变化的综合影响。本研究为角接触球轴承作为小型电主轴和大型电主轴的支撑进行轴向预紧时预紧载荷的优化提供了技术支撑。     

高速电主轴角接触球轴承热-力耦合特性研究

在高速电主轴转子系统中,角接触球轴承的工作特性受温升的影响显著,极易产生胶合。为了得到更加精确的角接触球轴承瞬态温度场,建立了考虑自旋的角接触球轴承生热及传热模型,并利用MATLAB软件得到了轴承的生热量,随后建立了轴承的三维参数化模型,并基于显示动力学理论在LS-DYNA平台上进行了热-力耦合有限元仿真分析,且对影响轴承瞬态温度场的主要因素进行了研究。研究结果表明：转速与温升呈非线性正相关;高转速下轴承温升对预紧力更加敏感;生热量随预紧力的增加逐渐增大,当施加的预紧力大于最小预紧力时,温升随预紧力增加而变大。研究可为高速电主轴轴承的设计和稳定性分析提供理论参考。     

高速角接触球轴承动态刚度的分析与计算

在Hertz接触理论的基本上，结合Newton-Raphone法，针对定位、定压两种不同的预紧方式，分析计算了轴向力和径向力联合载荷作用下高速角接触球轴承的动态刚度，结果表明：定位预紧下轴向刚度和径向刚度随转速增加而增大；定压预紧下轴向刚度随转速增加而减小，径向刚度随转速增加而增大。     

轴承预紧力和跨距对主轴动态特性的影响

基于ABAQUS采用有限元分析法分析了主轴动态特性,主要研究了轴承预紧力和支撑跨距对主轴动态特性的影响,在同时考虑轴向预紧和主轴自重对轴承刚度的影响的情况下,计算得到不同预紧力和过盈配合下组配轴承的径向刚度,拟合了固有频率随轴承预紧力和支撑跨距变化的经验公式。结果表明:轴承预紧力相比过盈量对组配轴承刚度的影响更为明显。主轴系统的固有频率随轴承预紧力的增加而增大,相同的刚度下,轴承支承跨距的增加系统固有频率随之增大。     

滚动轴承运动稳定性分析

以角接触球轴承71807C为例,利用动力学仿真软件Adams分析预紧力对空间角接触球轴承运转的动态特性,通过仿真分析研究不同转速、预紧力对角接触球轴承动力学特性的影响。     

角接触球轴承刚度计算与分析

基于沟道控制理论的5自由度拟静力学模型对角接触球轴承进行建模分析,该模型综合考虑了钢球的离心力及陀螺力矩等因素的影响。在该模型的基础上针对轴承静刚度与动刚度采用不同的刚度解析法进行了理论求解,通过与参考值对比,验证了模型的正确性。并利用该模型详细分析了预紧力以及转速对轴承刚度的影响,为角接触球轴承的设计分析提供了参考。     

高速角接触球轴承刚度计算及影响因素分析

在Jones-Harris刚度模型的基础上,建立了一个基于沟道控制理论的五自由度角接触球轴承刚度模型,该模型综合考虑了高转速下球的离心力、陀螺力矩等因素对轴承刚度的影响,应用准静态模型的增量法计算轴承刚度矩阵,并将轴承刚度的计算值与文献中试验值进行对比,验证了该模型的可靠性。在此基础上分析了轴向载荷、径向载荷、轴承转速和安装过盈量等因素对轴承刚度的影响,结果表明:随轴向载荷增大,径向刚度、轴向刚度和角刚度均增大;随径向载荷增大,轴向刚度和角刚度逐渐减小,径向刚度增大;随轴承转速增大,径向刚度减小,轴向刚度和角刚度先减小后趋于稳定;随安装过盈量增大,轴承径向刚度增大,轴向刚度和角刚度先减小后趋于稳定。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.