基于改进DCP算法的水下机器人视觉增强

对水下机器人的视觉增强问题进行了研究,提出了基于改进暗通道优先（IDCP）的图像增强算法对单目视觉图像进行预处理．首先对水下图像的色偏与雾化等现象进行退化建模,然后通过计算亮暗通道的视差来获取图像的景深信息,以精确估计水体的背景颜色,同时计算得到相应的透射图．在此基础上,采取自适应比例因子选择策略对透射图进行后处理以得到具有更高对比度的图像恢复效果．此外,进一步采用颜色校正方法以去除残余色偏,并提高图像的整体亮度．针对水下多场景的实验结果表明,与常规方法相比,本文的IDCP方法能够在纠正色偏的前提下实现具有更高清晰度和亮度的视觉增强效果．     

分层色彩校正算法研究

提出了一种基于视网膜皮层理论和颜色视觉理论分层色彩校正算法：引入颜色视觉理论中的三色学说进行全局分类,使用广义高斯混合模型计算全局系数;简化分层色彩校正模型减少计算量;引用retinex理论对三通道分别进行处理,进行高光区域提取;使用对立学说进行色差计算,根据色度距离和空间距离设置系数权重,并根据系数校正像素;采用分层色彩校正模型整合图像。所提算法融合了颜色视觉理论和视网膜皮层理论,对现有的分层色彩校正进行了进一步的改进。实验验证该算法在模拟人类视觉系统色彩恒常性方面具有很好的合理性和实用性,实验表明该算法对非均匀多光源色偏图像有很好的校正效果。     

基于内容的图像染色方法

利用彩色图像对灰度图像进行染色时,色源图像质量的优劣是染色成功的关键.为此,提出基于纹理和颜色特征的图像染色方法.提取图像视觉内容特征中的纹理和色彩作为索引,计算色源图像与灰度图像的纹理相似度.搜索内容与灰度图像相近的色源图像,以提高染色的成功率.提取色源图像的颜色特征进行像素采样,以增强染色效果.实验结果表明,该方法的染色成功率较高,染色效果较好.     

基于视觉相似性的去色图像质量评估

针对基于结构相似性的去色图像质量评估算法没有充分利用图像的梯度特征且采用的对比度相似度特征会忽略图像连续颜色块的一致性导致算法与人类视觉主观判定有较大出入的问题,提出一种基于图像视觉相似性的去色图像质量评估算法--C2G-VSIM。该算法以彩色图像为参考图像,由不同去色算法产生的与之相关的去色灰度图像作为测试图像,对参考图像以及测试图像进行颜色空间转换,并且进行高斯滤波,充分考虑了图像亮度相似度和结构相似度特征,并在此基础上首先引入一种新的颜色一致性对比特征以促使C2G-VSIM对全局颜色对比度特征进行捕捉,其次引入梯度幅值特征至C2G-VSIM中以提高算法对图像梯度特征的敏感度,最后联合得到图像质量评估因子C2G-VSIM。在Cadík的数据集上的实验结果表明,C2G-VSIM与人类视觉主观评定的等级相关性在准确度和主观评判喜爱度上分别达到了0.8155和0.7634,相对于基于彩色图和灰度图的结构相似性（C2G-SSIM）评估算法在未增加较大耗时的情况下,准确度有明显提高。所提算法与人类视觉主观判定具有较高的一致性,且计算简单,在实际工程中能大规模且有效地对去色图像进行自动化评分。     

基于直方图均衡化与MSRCR的沙尘降质图像增强算法

针对沙尘天气下图像色彩偏移严重及对比度低等问题,提出一种基于直方图均衡化与带色彩恢复的多尺度视网膜（MSRCR）增强的沙尘降质图像增强算法。通过偏色校正和图像增强两个步骤进行图像恢复,将RGB图像各通道预处理后利用限制对比度自适应直方图均衡方法得到校正后的图像,对图像采用双边滤波进行降噪处理,通过MSRCR算法进一步解决色彩失衡问题。由于处理后的图像对比度较低,存在一定色偏,利用伽马校正和基于图像分析的偏色检测及颜色校正方法进行处理得到最终结果。对大量沙尘降质图像进行仿真实验,结果表明,该算法能够有效处理不同偏色程度的沙尘图像,不仅提高了图像的对比度,而且有效避免了图像颜色偏移现象,相比GCANet、MSRCR等算法,平均时间效率提升了46.2%~94.7%。     

多媒体网页中视觉图像色彩增强模型设计

为了解决显示屏亮度不统一所引起的多媒体网页图像色彩退化的问题,设计一种基于RGB模式的图像色形增强模型。根据RGB模式的要求,对视觉图像从照度和反射两个分量的角度进行光滑化处理,在此基础上,利用RGB格式的增强系数,建立视觉图像的色彩增强函数。通过增强多媒体网页中视觉图像的整体亮度、调整图像局部对比度,恢复图像色彩的方式,增强视觉图像的色彩。在Windows XP系统内进行图像色形增强效果的检测,结果显示,基于RGB模式的色彩增强模型能够切实增强图像的亮度、信息爛、饱和度。说明该模型具备有效性,较传统的直方图均衡模型的图像色彩增强效果好,符合实际推广应用标准。     

基于特征块匹配的图像检索技术

提出了一种基于特征块匹配的图像检索算法.首先,利用小波变换的多尺度特性检测出图像的特征点,特征点比较全面地反映了图像中的视觉兴趣点;用以特征点为中心的特征块的前三阶颜色矩来描述特征块的特征;进一步统计出两个图像中匹配的特征块数目,计算图像间的相似距离.实验表明,算法中所使用的特征块更全面、更精确地描述了图像的视觉信息,实现相似度计算的方法简单、高效.该检索算法不仅检索精度高,还具有较好的旋转、尺度及视觉角度不变性.     

通道修正均衡化的水下图像增强算法

水中介质和微粒的影响导致光波传播衰减和散射, 在成像过程中水下图像会出现模糊和色偏等情况, 这些 水下成像退化的情况给水下的目标识别、目标跟踪、特征提取等应用带来困难. 针对以上问题, 本文提出了一种基 于通道修正均衡化的暗通道先验(CCD)水下图像增强算法: 首先是对色偏的水下图像进行通道修正均衡化, 利用直 方图强度中心做一个映射, 并将映射的三通道信息融合到限制对比度自适应直方图均衡化中, 改善了图像色偏和对 比度不足的情况; 其次是通过暗通道先验算法进行去模糊, 通过水下增强图像数据集的实验表明, CCD比现有算法 更有效地应对了水下图像成像退化问题, 取得了更好的图像质量指标; 此外, 在特征检测预处理步骤中, 本文方法能 够将检测特征点数提高约1.88倍.     

一种基于色彩补偿的水下图像综合增强算法

针对退化的水下图像在高级视觉分析任务中无法进行有效的目标检测及识别的问题,提出了一种通过色彩补偿和对比度拉伸,HSV空间γ校正和亮度通道去模糊系列方法实现了对水下图像的色彩校正、色彩对比度、饱和度和细节清晰度的综合提高.其中,提出了基于高斯滤波的亮度通道去散射方法,并对典型水体水下图像综合增强参数进行了分析.实验对比了...     

基于视觉词典的单目视觉闭环检测算法

针对移动机器人单目视觉同步定位与地图构建中的闭环检测问题,文中设计一种基于视觉词典的闭环检测算法。算法对采集的每帧图像通过SURF进行特征提取,应用模糊K均值算法对检测的视觉特征向量进行分类,在线构建表征图像的视觉词典。为精确表征局部视觉特征与视觉单词间的相似关联,利用混合高斯模型建立视觉词典中的每一视觉单词的概率模型,实现图像基于视觉词典的概率向量表示,通过向量的内积来计算图像间的相似度。为保证闭环检测的成功率,应用贝叶斯滤波融合历史闭环检测与相似度信息来计算闭环假设的后验概率分布。另外,引入浅层记忆与深度记忆两种内存管理机制来保证算法执行的快速性。实验结果证明该方法的有效性。     

基于图像分析的偏色检测及颜色校正方法

采用一种基于等效圆的偏色检测方法,克服了传统方法在图像偏色检测中的局限性。为了对检测后的偏色图像进行校正,采用一种结合灰度世界和完美反射的颜色校正方法,弥补了传统方法的不足,从而得到更为"真实"的校正图像。实验结果表明,基于图像分析的偏色检测及颜色校正方法,提高了偏色检测的可靠性,取得了较好的颜色校正效果。该方法仅利用图像本身的特征进行分析,具有普遍的适用性。     

视频监控系统中阴影去除方法的研究

提出了一种基于颜色不变性和建立阴影高斯模型的阴影检测和消除的方法。首先对亮度小于背景的前景根据颜色特征的相近性进行划分,再利用阴影的光谱特性建立高斯模型,去除运动目标的投影。最后利用阴影的空间特性对图像进行后处理,完成阴影的检测与消除。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地检测和消除阴影。     

Physical models for moving shadow and object detection in video

Current moving object detection systems typically detect shadows cast by the moving object as part of the moving object. In this paper, the problem of separating moving cast shadows from the moving objects in an outdoor environment is addressed. Unlike previous work, we present an approach that does not rely on any geometrical assumptions such as camera location and ground surface/object geometry. The approach is based on a new spatio-temporal albedo test and dichromatic reflection model and accounts for both the sun and the sky illuminations. Results are presented for several video sequences representing a variety of ground materials when the shadows are cast on different surface types. These results show that our approach is robust to widely different background and foreground materials, and illuminations.     

基于归一化rgb彩色模型的运动阴影检测

提出了一种基于归一化rgb空间的运动阴影检测方法。首先推导了rgb彩色模型的光度测定不变性和它的相关重要性质;结合阴影区域在亮度和颜色上的特征,在rgb空间分割出候选阴影区域,利用区域的空间关系检测出真实的阴影。对大量不同光照条件和不同阴影投射表面的运动人视频的测试表明,该方法具有良好的适应性和鲁棒性。     

改进的雾霾天气交通标志图像去雾算法

现有去雾算法直接应用于交通图像时容易出现过渡区域明显、偏色严重,不能满足后续交通标志检测系统的应用要求,为此提出一种改进的基于暗原色先验的单幅交通图像去雾算法。首先利用改进的均值漂移算法对交通图像进行天空区域分割,并对分割后的天空区域采用直方图均值化算法去雾,对非天空区域使用基于快速双边滤波的暗原色先验算法去雾,最后通过图像融合得到最终去雾图像。实验结果表明,相比其他几种典型去雾算法,所提算法对交通标志图像天空区域的过渡区域和色彩失真现象有所改善,且具有较快的处理速度,通过定量分析可知去雾效果较好,能够满足后续交通标志检测系统的应用要求。     

Camera model identification based on the generalized noise model in natural images

The goal of this paper is to design a statistical test for the camera model identification problem. The approach is based on the generalized noise model that is developed by following the image processing pipeline of the digital camera. More specifically, this model is given by starting from the heteroscedastic noise model that describes the linear relation between the expectation and variance of a RAW pixel and taking into account the non-linear effect of gamma correction. The generalized noise model characterizes more accurately a natural image in TIFF or JPEG format. The present paper is similar to our previous work that was proposed for camera model identification from RAW images based on the heteroscedastic noise model. The parameters that are specified in the generalized noise model are used as camera fingerprint to identify camera models. The camera model identification problem is cast in the framework of hypothesis testing theory. In an ideal context where all model parameters are perfectly known, the Likelihood Ratio Test is presented and its statistical performances are theoretically established. In practice when the model parameters are unknown, two Generalized Likelihood Ratio Tests are designed to deal with this difficulty such that they can meet a prescribed false alarm probability while ensuring a high detection performance. Numerical results on simulated images and real natural JPEG images highlight the relevance of the proposed approach.     

一种基于区域的车辆阴影消除方法

该文给出了一种基于区域的车辆阴影检测方法。首先将运动前景像素检测出来,利用梯度特征分割运动前景的连通域获取投射阴影的方向,然后再结合区域内的角点及灰度相似性特征分割车辆和其阴影像素。实验结果表明该方法可以有效的检测阴影,并且能够满足实时性的要求。     

Real‐Time Human Shadow Removal in a Front Projection System

When a person is located between a display and an operating projector, a shadow is cast on the display. The shadow on the display may eliminate important visual information and therefore adversely affect the viewing experiences. There have been various attempts to remove the human shadow cast on a projection display by using multiple projectors. While previous approaches successfully removed the shadow region when a person moderately moves around or stands stationary in front of the display, there is still an afterimage effect due to the lack of consideration of the limb motion of the person. We propose a new real‐time approach to removing the shadow cast by a person who dynamically interacts with the display, making limb motions in a front projection system. The proposed method utilizes a human skeleton obtained from a depth camera to track the posture of the person which changes over time. A model that consists of spheres and conical frustums is constructed based on the skeleton information in order to represent volumetric information of the person being tracked. Our method precisely estimates the shadow region by projecting the volumetric model onto the display. In addition, employment of intensity masks that are built based on a distance field helps suppress the afterimage of the shadow that appears when the person moves abruptly. It also helps blend the projected overlapping images from different projectors and show one smoothly combined display. The experiment results verify that our approach removes the shadow of a person effectively in a front projection environment and is fast enough to achieve real‐time performance.     

Lattice estimation from images of patterns that exhibit translational symmetry

The analysis of regular texture images is cast in a model comparison framework. Texel lattice hypotheses are used to define statistical models which are compared in terms of their ability to explain the images. This approach is used to estimate lattice geometry from patterns that exhibit translational symmetry (regular textures). It is also used to determine whether images consist of such regular textures. A method based on this approach is described in which lattice hypotheses are generated using analysis of peaks in the image autocorrelation function, statistical models are based on Gaussian or Gaussian mixture clusters, and model comparison is performed using the marginal likelihood as approximated by the Bayes Information Criterion (BIC). Experiments on public domain images and a commercial textile image archive demonstrate substantially improved accuracy compared to several alternative methods.