一种绿色食用油墨制备工艺的优化

目的 优化食用油墨制备工艺,改善其存储稳定性。方法 将主成分分析法和隶属度综合评价法相结合,确定食用油墨4项性能指标的总分计算方法,以单因素试验结果为基础,以食用油墨总分为响应值,采用响应面分析法确定食用油墨的最佳制备工艺,并研究果绿染料含量、阿拉伯胶含量和乙醇含量对食用油墨性能的影响及彼此之间的交互作用。结果 当果绿染料质量分数为3.00%、阿拉伯胶质量分数为6.00%、乙醇质量分数为25.00%时,食用油墨的综合得分最高。结论 在优化条件下,可获得总分为0.955的食用油墨;实现了多因素多指标产品的客观评价,工艺和评价方法可用于指导生产。     

可食胶黏剂制备工艺优化

目的 为了优化可食胶黏剂的制备工艺。方法 将模糊综合评价法和主成分分析法相结合,确定可食胶黏剂4项性能指标的总分计算方法,然后在单因素试验的基础上,以可食胶黏剂总分为响应值,通过响应面分析确定可食胶黏剂的最佳制备工艺,并研究糯米粉质量分数、明胶质量分数和鱼鳔胶质量分数对可食胶黏剂性能的影响,以及各参数之间的交互作用。结果 在糯米粉有质量分数为30%,明胶质量分数为15%,鱼鳔胶质量分数为20%时,可食胶黏剂的综合得分最高。结论 在优化条件下,可获得总分为0.957的可食胶黏剂;优化后的工艺可用于指导生产。     

酱油渣与淀粉复合可食膜制备工艺

目的研究了以淀粉和酱油渣为主要原料的可食膜制备工艺与性能。方法以膜拉伸强度为指标,在单因素实验基础上利用响应面法分析最佳配方和制备工艺,并通过红外光谱和扫描电镜对复合膜相关结构进行表征。结果在干燥温度76℃、玉米淀粉质量分数6.5%、酱油渣质量分数1.5%、甘油质量分数27.0%时,制得的可食膜厚度为0.145 mm,拉伸性能最佳,强度为14.26 MPa,断裂伸长率为7.82%。结论添加适量酱油渣可以使淀粉膜的结构更加稳定,抗拉强度增大,并且可以溶解在水中,可以进一步应用于可食内包装袋。     

水溶性聚氨酯胶黏剂制备工艺优化

目的对水溶性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备工艺进行优化,以提高胶黏剂的粘度。方法采用响应面分析法优化水溶性聚氨酯胶黏剂制备工艺,研究预聚体、改性剂和增韧剂质量分数及其交互作用对胶黏剂粘度的影响,找出最佳配比工艺。结果在预聚物、改性剂、增韧剂的质量分数分别为47.24%,6.24%,5.84%,且余量为溶剂的条件下,水溶性聚氨酯胶黏剂的粘度理论预测值为2716.64 m Pa·s,实测值为2658.32 m Pa·s。结论响应面法可以用于优化水溶性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备工艺。     

玫瑰花、玫瑰茄复合饮料的制备工艺

目的通过正交试验确定玫瑰花、玫瑰茄多酚提取的最优方案;通过响应曲面优化试验确定制备玫瑰花、玫瑰茄复合饮料的最佳工艺条件。方法以产自云南的玫瑰花和玫瑰茄为原材料,研究浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比对玫瑰花、玫瑰茄多酚提取率的影响;以玫瑰花、玫瑰茄的浸提液为原汁,以综合感官评分为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上采用响应面法对玫瑰花、玫瑰茄复合饮料的配方进行优化。结果在浸提温度为90℃、浸提时间为50min、料液比(g/mL)为1∶70条件下,玫瑰花、玫瑰茄多酚提取率最高为(1.87±0.01)%;在添加浸提液的质量分数为40.50%、白砂糖的质量分数为14.10%、柠檬酸的质量分数为0.20%、蜂蜜的质量分数为2.10%的条件下,玫瑰花、玫瑰茄复合饮料的综合感官评分最高达到93.26±0.04。结论响应面法分析可以很好地对玫瑰花、玫瑰茄复合饮料制备工艺条件进行优化,制备的玫瑰花、玫瑰茄复合饮料呈红色、质地均匀、清澈透亮、酸甜适宜。     

电化铝烫印的质量控制措施

一、控制好印刷墨色质量关 可以说,印刷质量是烫印质量的源头环节。笔者在以往生产工艺实际中发现,印刷底色时,若油墨里的干燥剂用量过多的话,容易使印品墨层出现晶化现象,造成电化铝烫印不上;调墨时,若亮光浆、撤粘剂、调墨油、止干油、防粘剂等加入过量以及印刷油墨涂布量过多,都容易烫印不上或拉脱底色油墨层。印刷时也要注意适当控制好墨层的厚度,并尽量采用“深墨薄印”工艺,即把油墨色相调深一些,使印刷墨层相应减薄一点,这样既能符合印刷色相的要求,又有利于电化铝膜层的良好附着,实现顺利、牢固的烫印。此外,应尽量在墨层干燥、附着牢固的情况下进行烫印。     

纳米纤维素包装膜制备工艺优化

以纳米TiO_2质量分数、LiCl质量分数、凝固浴质量分数和凝固浴温度为自变量,研究其对纳米纤维素包装膜的机械性能的影响。在单因素试验结果的基础上,通过响应面分析法优化纳米纤维素包装膜制备工艺。结果表明,纳米纤维素包装膜制备的最佳工艺条件为:纳米TiO_2质量分数2%,LiCl质量分数11%,凝固浴质量分数16.5%,凝固浴温度7℃,该条件下制得的纳米纤维素包装膜的拉伸强度为29.35MPa。     

溶剂负载摩擦法评价UV胶印油墨印品固化程度

目的 UV油墨固化程度是印品质量的关键影响因素,开发新型UV油墨固化程度评价方法,用以准确、直观地判断墨层固化程度,指导印刷工艺条件优化。方法 通过调控墨层的UV固化光能量,制备系列不同固化程度的胶印印品,以间歇红外法测定墨层的双键转化率定量分析固化交联反应的程度,进一步以墨层在不同溶剂下的摩擦次数建立墨层固化等级的评价方法。结果 不同UV固化能量下的样品,具有不同的双键转换率,依据不同比例的乙醇与水混合溶剂下的印品耐磨次数可以判定出印品的固化程度。结论 采用溶剂负载摩擦法主观经验判定依赖性低,可实现对UV油墨印品的整体油墨固化程度进行判定,具有良好的生产应用价值。     

三氯蔗糖微胶囊的制备与工艺优化

为延缓三氯蔗糖甜味特性,采用微胶囊技术对三氯蔗糖进行包埋处理。选择大豆分离蛋白和海藻酸钠为壁材,三氯蔗糖为芯材,采用复合凝聚法制备三氯蔗糖微胶囊。以微胶囊产率为评价指标,利用单因素试验和响应面优化法确定最佳制备条件,并对其形态等进行表征。研究结果表明,微胶囊的最佳制备工艺：复凝聚pH值为3.01,芯壁质量比为1.27,大豆分离蛋白和海藻酸钠的质量比为3.01,壁材质量浓度为0.0304 g/mL。按此工艺条件制备的三氯蔗糖微胶囊呈完整球形,表面光滑平整,粒径约为50μm,产率可达75.19%。     

玉米秸秆纤维缓冲包装材料制备条件优化

针对制备玉米秸秆缓冲包装材料的11个工艺参数,以材料的强度为响应目标,采用Plackett-Burman(PB)与Central Composite Design(CCD)相结合的方法进行筛选优化。PB实验设计与分析表明:纤维粒度、纤维目数与胶粘剂含量为制备工艺的3个关键因素。经过CCD设计及响应面法优化分析得到的制备玉米秸秆纤维缓冲包装材料的最优条件为:纤维粒度224.62目,纤维体积分数22.78%,胶粘剂质量分数35%,材料强度可达1.758 MPa。     

Evaluation of Xanthan Gum in the Preparation of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets

The objective of this study was to evaluate xanthan gum as a matrix former for the preparation of sustained release tablets. Preliminary experiments indicated that a fine particle sue of xanthan gum produced the slowest and most reproducible release profiles. Based on single surface experiments and tablet erosion studies, it was concluded that release of a soluble drug (chlorpheniramine maleate) and an insoluble drug (theophylline) from tablets containing low concentraions of xanthan gum was mainly via diffusion and erosion, respectively. Drug release from tablets containing xanthan gum was slightly faster in acidic media due to more rapid initial surface erosion than at higher pH. After hydration of the gum, drug release was essentially pH-independent. The amount released was directly proportional to the loading dose of drug and inversely proportional to gum concentration in tablets. Release profiles of chlorpheniramine maleate and theophylline remained unchanged after three months storage of the tablets at 40°C/80% RH and 40°C. Model tablets containing 5% xanthan gum exhibited release profiles similar to tablets containing 15% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.     

玫瑰花山楂复合果酱加工工艺

针对当前果酱品种单一、营养成分匮乏的问题,以原料比、加糖量、加水量、黄原胶添加量为单因素,进行玫瑰花山楂复合果酱加工的单因素试验和正交试验,以获得复合果酱的最佳工艺配方。结果表明:山楂浆玫瑰花的质量比为80:20,白砂糖的质量分数为55%,水的质量分数为40%,黄原胶的质量分数为0.4%时,玫瑰花山楂复合果酱色泽鲜亮,口感细腻,酸甜可口,黏稠度较好,易于涂抹。复合果酱成品的理化指标和微生物指标均符合国家标准,为复合果酱的制作与生产提供新思路。     

环保微相油墨清洗剂的使用特性研究

研发了一种环保微相油墨清洗剂,具有良好的使用特性,清洗油墨彻底,对橡皮布和墨辊清洗后能够保持其良好的传墨性能,橡皮布和墨辊不会变形缩小,印品墨色均匀、网点清晰、层次丰富,图像和文字清晰饱满,印刷质量得到有效保证,橡皮布和墨辊的使用寿命得以延长。此环保型油墨清洗剂采用相转移法,将使用过的含有废油墨的清洗剂中的油墨等物质转化为固体收集起来,液体清洗剂可继续使用,直至饱和再进行更换,回收率可以达到83%。     

高速胶印水斗液使用性能的研究

在高速胶印生产中,水斗液的性能不稳定对印刷品的质量产生不良影响.介绍了水斗液的功能、分类及基本性能,并重点分析了水斗液的选择依据、配制要点和使用方法.有助于胶印生产企业充分认识并合理使用水斗液,从而稳定水斗液的性能,提高印刷品的质量.     

Fluidization of Aluminum Hydroxide Gels Containing Xanthan Gum

Suspensions of aluminum hydroxide dried gel interacted with xanthan gum to form a thick coagulum. Addition of low concentrations of deflocculants (sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, potassium phosphate dibasic) prevented coagulum formation. Sorbitol, 5%, was also effective. Suspensions made from a fluid aluminum hydroxide concentration did not become coagulated in the presence of xanthan gum.     

Selection of design parameters and optimization of operating parameters of soybean oil-based bulk liquid membrane for Cu(II) removal and recovery from aqueous solutions

The objectives of this work were to select suitable design parameters and optimize the operating parameters of a soybean oil-based bulk liquid membrane (BLM) for Cu(II) removal and recovery from aqueous solutions. The soybean oil-based BLM consists of an aqueous feed phase (Cu(II) source), an organic membrane phase (soybean oil (diluent), di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (D2EHPA) (carrier) and tributylphosphate (phase modifier)) and an aqueous stripping phase (sulfuric acid solution (H(2)SO(4))). Effects of design parameters (stirring condition and stripping/membrane to feed/membrane interface area ratio) of soybean oil-based BLM on the Cu(II) removal and recovery from aqueous solutions were investigated and the suitable parameters were selected for further studies. Optimization of the operating parameters (D2EHPA concentration, H(2)SO(4) concentration, stirring speed, temperature and operating time) of soybean oil-based BLM for maximum percentage (%) recovery of Cu(II) was then conducted using Response Surface Methodology and the optimum parameters were determined. A regression model for % recovery was developed and its adequacy was evaluated. The experimental % recovery obtained under the optimum operating conditions was compared with the predicted one and they were found to agree satisfactorily with each other.     

Development of polysaccharide-based colon targeted drug delivery systems for the treatment of amoebiasis

The main focus of this study is to develop colon targeted drug delivery systems for metronidazole (MTZ). Tablets were prepared using various polysaccharides or indigenously developed graft copolymer of methacrylic acid with guar gum (GG) as a carrier. Various polysaccharides such as GG, xanthan gum, pectin, carrageenan, β-cyclodextrin (CD) or methacrylic acid-g-guar (MAA-g-GG) gum have been selected and evaluated. The prepared tablets were tested in vitro for their suitability as colon-specific drug delivery systems. To further improve the colon specificity, some selected tablet formulations were enteric coated with Eudragit-L 100 to give protection in an acidic environment. Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) for 2 hr followed by simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) at pH 7.4. The dissolution data demonstrate that the rate of drug release is dependent upon the nature and concentration of polysaccharide/polymer used in the formulations. Uncoated tablets containing xanthan gum or mixture of xanthan gum with graft copolymer showed 30-40% drug release during the initial 4-5 hr, whereas for tablets containing GG with the graft copolymer, it was 70%. After enteric coating, the release was drastically reduced to 18-24%. The other polysaccharides were unable to protect drug release under similar conditions. Preparations with xanthan gum as a matrix showed the time-dependent release behavior. Further, in vitro release was performed in the dissolution media with rat caecal contents. Results indicated an enhanced release when compared to formulations studied in dissolution media without rat caecal contents, because of microbial degradation or polymer solubilization. The nature of drug transport was found to be non-Fickian in case of uncoated formulations, whereas for the coated formulations, it was found to be super-Case-II. Statistical analyses of release data indicated that MTZ release is significantly affected by the nature of the polysaccharide used and enteric coating of the tablet. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated the presence of crystalline nature of drug in the formulations.     

Development of Polysaccharide-Based Colon Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Amoebiasis

ABSTRACT

The main focus of this study is to develop colon targeted drug delivery systems for metronidazole (MTZ). Tablets were prepared using various polysaccharides or indigenously developed graft copolymer of methacrylic acid with guar gum (GG) as a carrier. Various polysaccharides such as GG, xanthan gum, pectin, carrageenan, β-cyclodextrin (CD) or methacrylic acid-g-guar (MAA-g-GG) gum have been selected and evaluated. The prepared tablets were tested in vitro for their suitability as colon-specific drug delivery systems. To further improve the colon specificity, some selected tablet formulations were enteric coated with Eudragit-L 100 to give protection in an acidic environment. Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) for 2 hr followed by simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) at pH 7.4. The dissolution data demonstrate that the rate of drug release is dependent upon the nature and concentration of polysaccharide/polymer used in the formulations. Uncoated tablets containing xanthan gum or mixture of xanthan gum with graft copolymer showed 30–40% drug release during the initial 4–5 hr, whereas for tablets containing GG with the graft copolymer, it was 70%. After enteric coating, the release was drastically reduced to 18–24%. The other polysaccharides were unable to protect drug release under similar conditions. Preparations with xanthan gum as a matrix showed the time-dependent release behavior. Further, in vitro release was performed in the dissolution media with rat caecal contents. Results indicated an enhanced release when compared to formulations studied in dissolution media without rat caecal contents, because of microbial degradation or polymer solubilization. The nature of drug transport was found to be non-Fickian in case of uncoated formulations, whereas for the coated formulations, it was found to be super-Case-II. Statistical analyses of release data indicated that MTZ release is significantly affected by the nature of the polysaccharide used and enteric coating of the tablet. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated the presence of crystalline nature of drug in the formulations.