Remote Patient Monitoring Within a Future 5G Infrastructure

Systems of wearable or implantable medical devices (IMD), sensor systems for monitoring and transmitting physiological recorded signals, will in future health care services be used for purposes of remote monitoring. Today, there exist several constraints, probably preventing the adoption of such services in clinical routine work. Within a future 5G infrastructure, new possibilities will be available due to improved addressing solutions and extended security services in addition to higher bandwidth in the wireless communication link. Thus 5G solutions can represent a paradigm shift regarding remote patient’s monitoring and tracking possibilities, with enhancement in transmitting information between patients and health care services. Some aspects of new possibilities are highlighted in describing a realistic scenario within a future 5G framework.     

基于无线传感器网络的远程体域网研究

针对非住院病人移动监测与紧急支援,提出了基于无线传感器网络技术的远程医疗监护系统,介绍了一种人体无线健康监测系统的设计方法。对无线监测节点、网关CDMA支持节点硬件电路、无线WEB服务器的电路结构、系统软件编程设计给出了详细论述。该系统实现了人体监测节点无线网络化,客户端浏览实时数据方便实用。研究结果表明系统利用Zigbee技术将人体信息采集系统集成为体域网,利用CDMA网络实现数据远程传输,有很大医学价值。     

ZigBee在室内环境监测系统中的应用

随着我国经济的快速发展,由室内环境问题而引起的人口健康问题越来越突出,已经引起广大人民群众的广泛关注。本文提出一种基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络在室内环境监测方案,对系统的软硬件进行了研究与设计。以CC2430芯片为无线节点的检测与信息处理核心,与现代传感器模块相结合,构成无线传感器网络终端检测子节点;采用RS232标准的方式与中心节点进行信息通讯,使现场循环检测数据能实时传送给中央监控计算机,实现室内环境的实时监测。结果表明,系统功能维护容易、扩展方便、布网灵活、施工成本低,为室内环境现代化管理奠定了基础。     

Patient monitoring using ad hoc wireless networks: reliability and power management

In the health care domain, a major challenge is how to provide better health care services to an increasing number of people using limited financial and human resources. Wireless patient monitoring has the potential to support these multiple and conflicting requirements. However, the current quality and reliability of patient monitoring have not been very satisfactory due to the unpredictable and spotty coverage of infrastructure-oriented wireless networks. Ad hoc wireless networks can be formed among mobile and wearable patient-monitoring devices for improving the coverage of patient monitoring when infrastructure-oriented networks are not accessible. In this article, we provide support for reliable wireless patient monitoring by presenting several protocols for power management of devices, assisted power control, and sleep strategy. The performance results show that high reliability of message delivery can be obtained while maintaining a level of power conservation.     

3GPP-无线监控技术在铁路运输的应用探讨

文中介绍以3G通信技术为基础组建新型铁路行车安保系统的基本原理、技术路线和实施设想。利用3G图像处理和无线监控技术组成行车安全监控系统,可以解决传统系统中监控信息不能向运动的机车实时传送而导致对突发情况猝不及防等重大问题。同时利用该系统还可以为客运列车的旅客提供多种信息和多媒体增值服务,使该系统建设有可能成为铁路客运服务升级换代的重要发展方向,并实现3G一网多用。     

Wireless technologies for telemedicine

Wireless telemedicine is a new and evolving area in telemedical and telecare systems. Healthcare personnel require realtime access to accurate patient data, including clinical histories, treatments, medication, tests, laboratory results and insurance information. With large-scale wireless networks and mobile computing solutions, such as cellular 3G, Wi-Fi mesh and WiMAX, healthcare personnal can tap into vital information anywhere and at any time within the healthcare networks. The recent introduction of pervasive computing, consisting of radio frequency identification (RFID), Bluetooth, ZigBee, and wireless sensor networks, further extends the potential for exploitation of wireless telecommunications and its integration into new mobile healthcare delivery systems. In this paper, snapshots of current uses and future trends of various wireless communications in the healthcare domain are highlighted. Special attention is given to the challenges of a telemedicine environment equipped with different wireless technologies and how the resulting issues might be addressed in medical services integration to provide flexible, convenient and economical medical monitoring, consultation and healthcare.     

具有巡逻和定位功能的WSN危险气体监测系统

危险气体的有效监测对生产安全和公共安全是十分重要的。针对传统的无线气体监测系统通常只设置固定节点导致节点类型单一化,发现险情滞后和险情排除速度慢等缺点,设计了一种具备巡逻和区域定位功能的无线气体监测系统。系统由两部分组成：下位机主要使用ZIGBEE并结合TGS813传感器,上位机包括客户端监控软件及数据库服务。系统特别设计了可灵活移动的巡逻员手持节点以解决传统气体监测系统灵活性的不足。具备低成本、低功耗、响应及时、灵活性高等特点。     

Pervasive, secure access to a hierarchical sensor-based healthcare monitoring architecture in wireless heterogeneous networks

This study presents a healthcare monitoring architecture coupled with wearable sensor systems and an environmental sensor network for monitoring elderly or chronic patients in their residence. The wearable sensor system, built into a fabric belt, consists of various medical sensors that collect a timely set of physiological health indicators transmitted via low energy wireless communication to mobile computing devices. Three application scenarios are implemented using the proposed network architecture. The group-based data collection and data transmission using the ad hoc mode promote outpatient healthcare services for only one medical staff member assigned to a set of patients. Adaptive security issues for data transmission are performed based on different wireless capabilities. This study also presents a monitoring application prototype for capturing sensor data from wireless sensor nodes. The implemented schemes were verified as performing efficiently and rapidly in the proposed network architecture.     

An automated patient monitoring using discrete‐time wireless sensor networks

In recent years, Internet of Things (IoT) devices are used for remote health monitoring. For remotely monitoring a patient, only the health information at different time points are not sufficient; predicted values of biomarkers (for some future time points) are also important. In this article, we propose a powerful statistical model for an efficient dynamic patient monitoring using wireless sensor nodes through Bayesian Learning (BL). We consider the setting where a set of correlated biomarkers are measured from a patient through wireless sensors, but the sensors only report the ordinal outcomes (say, good, fair, high, or very high) to the sink based on some prefixed thresholds. The challenge is to use the ordinal outcomes for monitoring and predicting the health status of the patient under consideration. We propose a linear mixed model where interbiomarker correlations and intrabiomarker dependence are modeled simultaneously. The estimated and the predicted values of the biomarkers are transferred over the internet so that health care providers and the family members of the patient can remotely monitor the patient. Extensive simulation studies are performed to assess practical usefulness of our proposed joint model, and the performance of the proposed joint model is compared to that of some other traditional models used in the literature.     

Lifetime Estimation of Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks Using Probabilistic Analysis

A framework is proposed for estimating the lifetime of wireless body area sensor network (WBASN) using probabilistic analysis and Monte Carlo simulation. WBASN implements real-time health monitoring by outfitting patients with wireless, wearable vital sign sensors. In health monitoring, the loss of critical or emergency information is a serious issue so there is a need to ensure quality of service. It is important to have an estimate of the lifetime of the network in order to replace or recharge the batteries because the loss of critical data is not acceptable. The lifetime of the WBASN is defined as the duration of time until the first node fails due to battery depletion. Heart rate and blood glucose are monitored at a central location in a managed health care environment for this evaluation of WBASN performance. A parametric model of a health monitoring network (HMN) is created with sets of random input distributions. Probabilistic analysis is used to determine the timing and distribution of node failure in the HMN.     

Wireless Technologies in Healthcare: Selected Papers from IEEE PIMRC 2011

The use of wireless technologies for medical device communication, health monitoring (at hospitals or homes) and mobile healthcare information delivery (i.e. m-Health) is one of the most rapidly growing areas in health-IT research today. The papers which appear in this special issue have been carefully selected from the best IEEE PIMRC 2011 conference. They are highlighting various challenging issues in using wireless technology for healthcare applications such as PHY & MAC innovations for wearable and implantable medical sensors, optical communication and location systems in hospital environments and interference mitigation issues.     

Design and Implementation of an Algorithm for Cardiac Pathologies Detection on Mobile Phone

The development and the design of telemedicine services have taken a great consideration and care in the domain of wireless communication nowadays. The set of these researches is concerned with old people and lack of infrastructures of reception for those who are at risk or tend to have deterioration in their health condition. Thus, several works of research contributed to develop telemedicine services. They notably focus on the conception and the development of communication architectures between the actors of these systems, monitoring and the development of human??s quality is based on the storage of the collected data at home and analytical tools, and processing of these large quantities of data. Therefore, it is useful to detect and prevent the occurrence of critical situations of a remote person, the transmission of the messages and alarms to concerned actors to be ready to intervene in a case of emergency. Many works and systems undertaken in this field carry out the complete analysis and synthesis of signals on large servers (great capacities, better resolutions??). Moreover, these systems would have required large means and a large infrastructure in their deployment (installation, configuration??), which generates the disadvantage of the excessive expenditure. In this paper, we suggest to introduce and implement this complete treatment for revealing critical situations and pathologies on a simple mobile phone by respecting theirs constraints. The principal objective is to permit a taking off for medical and social dependant people as aged ones, handicapped, in order to the adaptation with their environment domestically and make up their incapacities. In this case, it is indispensable to make a diagnostic in a real time and well manage the patient??s computerized data between the various medical actors with the permanent security insurance of highly risky patients. Furthermore, the need to make a speed diagnostic of patients and to detect their health state, their parameters (medical information) of analyses with efficacy, allows us to gain time while monitoring the cardiac patient. It concerns the implementation of services on mobile terminals for transferring medical information and results of ECG analysis (calculated parameters) in a real time with ensuring the mobility, the permanent security and the reliability insurance in covered zone by the mobile network, PLMN (GSM/GPRS??). Our attention has been focused on the choice of a relevant work. It concerns an application on a mobile terminal (MIDlet) for detecting some cardiac pathologies and monitoring patient in a non-hospital setting. This paper recalls a complete architecture of an economic wireless transmission system with the implementation of an effective algorithm, adapted to the mobile terminal, allowing to the doctor to have the results of the ECG analysis. Thus, the stakes of setting up such systems are numerous, so much for patients, medical staff and the society in general.     

自动导航电动车远程监控系统的研究

本文以可靠,实时,通用,低成本为目的研究出了一套基于无线网络的电动车远程监控系统。此系统采用C/S通信模式,利用winsock和GPRS无线网络实现通信。GPS导航以及各种传感器采集电动车的整体信息,工控机存储信息并将信息通过通信部分发送到监控端。操作人员通过监控界面显示的信息及时采取措施,从而实现对电动车的远程控制。     

A study on PVDF sensor using wireless experimental system for bridge structural local monitoring

Originated from aerospace area, smart material structures have been a research hotspot in the application of engineering. For structural health monitoring within the context of civil engineering, the research about high-performance sensing units are very important. As one of the piezoelectric materials belonging to smart ones, Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is widely regarded for its property advantages of low cost, good mechanical abilities, high sensibility, and corrosion resistance. In this paper, for the validation of PVDF sensors as sensing units for bridge structural local monitoring, wireless experimental systems of PVDF sensor for structural local monitoring on a bridge model and beam were built. Firstly, based on the operating mechanism, the measurement circuit and the characteristics of PVDF are introduced. Secondly, system framework of PVDF sensor for local monitoring is proposed, a bridge model is built, wireless sensor kits are then developed. Finally, Bridge damage monitoring experiments have been done for structural local health monitoring using PVDF sensors. The experimental results show that PVDF sensor can handle structural impact response monitoring and damage detection of civil engineering, and the developed wireless sensor experimental system can be easily implemented for use in practical monitoring engineering.     

A wearable point-of-care system for home use that incorporates plug-and-play and wireless standards.

A point-of-care system for continuous health monitoring should be wearable, easy to use, and affordable to promote patient independence and facilitate acceptance of new home healthcare technology. Reconfigurability, interoperability, and scalability are important. Standardization supports these requirements, and encourages an open market where lower product prices result from vendor competition. This paper first discusses candidate standards for wireless communication, plug-and-play device interoperability, and medical information exchange in point-of-care systems. It then addresses the design and implementation of a wearable, plug-and-play system for home care which adopts the IEEE 1073 Medical Information Bus (MIB) standards, and uses Bluetooth as the wireless communication protocol. This standards-based system maximizes user mobility by incorporating a three-level architecture populated by base stations, wearable data loggers, and wearable sensors. Design issues include the implementation of the MIB standards on microcontroller-driven embedded devices, low power consumption, wireless data exchange, and data storage and transmission in a reconfigurable body-area network.     

Wireless telemedicine systems: an overview

Rapid advances in information technology and telecommunications and, more specifically, wireless and mobile communications - and their convergence ("telematics") are leading to the emergence of a new type of information infrastructure that has the potential of supporting an array of advanced services for healthcare. The objective of this paper is to provide a snapshot of the applications of wireless telemedicine systems. A review of the spectrum of these applications and the potential benefits of these efforts is presented, followed by successful case studies in electronic patient record, emergency telemedicine, teleradiology, and home monitoring. It is anticipated that the progress carried out in these efforts and the potential benefits of emerging mobile technologies will trigger the development of more applications, thus enabling the offering of a better service to the citizen     

Design and implementation of a wireless sensor network architecture using smart mobile devices

Wireless sensor networks improve the quality of human daily life like ubiquitous city and healthcare services as well as the fundamental monitoring such as environment pollution, tunnel monitoring, earthquake diagnostic, and so on. To increase usability and feasibility of collected sensor data, a wireless sensor network should be required to apply a variety of mobile devices to give the information at anytime and anywhere to users. Thus, we present multi-sensor centric smart sensor network architecture using general mobile devices in order to provide more efficient and valuable sensor network application and services. The proposed system architecture is based on IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard with smart mobile devices. We also show some scenarios with on-demand request and real time event driven data to show the feasibility of the proposed architecture using five kinds of sensors such as magnetic, photodiode, microphone, motion and vibration. Based on the experiment results, we show that the proposed system has the potential as smart mobile device-based wireless sensor network architecture.     

一种智慧家居无线网络系统的设计

设计了由STC89C52单片机、nRF24L01+无线模块和传感器模块组成的无线智慧家居监测系统,实现了通过移动终端远程监测家中的异常信息,并把异常信息通过TC35i模块提供的SMS接口以短信的形式即时通知户主。经测试,利用nRF24L01+无线模块实现了10m左右室内小型网络的无线收发,能够实现信号在室内短距离稳定、可靠的无线传输。软件上,实现了具有自管理、自组织功能的无线数据网络。     

L’apprentissage des modes de vie: une base indispensable au développement d’un habitat «intelligent»

The advent of new technologies in the field of data processing, electronics and wireless communications currently support the integration of essential functions for the provision of services tailored to the user needs at home. These services are destined to address two key societal demands, i.e., keeping health costs and energy costs under control. With this objective in mind, a number of research works involving various approaches have been conducted as those carried out atlaas for the purpose of integrating the habits and practices of home automation users. The principles under investigation rely on learning habits. Two examples of application using these concepts are presented through use of two home automation systems for a personalized behavioral monitoring of the elderly with a view to providing home care, and for the automatic management of thermal comfort. Promising results have been obtained and pave the way for efficient and cost effective systems that could be associated with other functions to contribute to the development of a truly «smart home».