含羧甲磺酰基水溶性分散染料的研究

本文提出一类含有羧甲磺酰基（—SO_2CH_2COOH）的新的水溶性分散染料。利用应用时的高温,它转变为不溶性的分散染料。因此,在成品加工时不必进行砂磨,不需要扩散剂。它在弱酸、中性和碱性中都可使用,并适用于纯涤纶和涤/棉织物的印花和轧染。     

合成纤维及其混纺织物用染料的研究——Ⅱ.用于涤棉混纺织物的含β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯基活性分散染料

本文综合分析了含β-羟乙基碸硫酸酯基活性染料的染棉机理和聚酯纤维用非离子型分散染料的结构特点,提出了一类用于涤棉混纺织物的含β-羟乙基碸硫酸酯基活性分散染料。并介绍了这类染料的分子结构特点。探讨了这类染料与涤棉混纺织物两种不同纤维的结合问题。     

Improvement of Dyeing Technologies for Polyester Textiles

The effect of inorganic salts on the melting point and viscosity of a carbamide melt and its solvating power with respect to disperse dyes and polyester fibre was investigated. The high effectiveness of the carbamide—LiCl and carbamide—CaCl systems in fixation of disperse dyes on polyester fibre was established. A probable mechanism is proposed for the activating effect of inorganic salts on fixation of disperse anthraquinone dyes on polyester fibre in the presence of carbamide.     

生态纺织染料及染整工艺近期进展

本文综述了环境安全的纤维素纤维用活性染料直接染料,蛋白质纤维用染料聚酯纤维用染料以及天然染料的近期进展:还介绍了活性染料硫化染料和还原染料的环境友好染色新技术以及环境安全的还原剂和氧化剂。有14篇参考文献     

常压沸染普通涤纶制取新技术及可染性

本文探讨了普通涤纶常压沸染的理论,纤维超分子结构对常压沸染性能的影响。同时叙述了常压沸染普通涤纶制取的新工艺和新技术,涤纶常压沸染用分散染料选择的理论依据。     

阳离子染料可染聚酯纤维染色工艺探讨

本文用分散型阳离子黄SD-5GL、红SD-GRL、蓝SD-GSL上染阳离子可染纤维,研究了温度、保温时间、升温速率、染浴的pH值对上染率和K/S值的影响,并讨论了分散型阳离子染料和分散染料拼混对染色性能的影响。研究结果表明,三组分阳离子可染涤纶可以在常压下染色。     

Grafting on polyester fibers

Acrylic acid (AA) and acrylonitrile (AN) were used to carry out grafting on polyester (PE) fibers using the techniques of initiation by γ-radiation as well as benzoyl peroxide. The nature of the grafted fiber substance was found to be the same, irrespective of the grafting technique. Extent of grafting depended upon the time, concentration of the initiator, and the monomer as well as on the irradiation dose. The increase in the moisture regain was directly proportional to the amount of graft in the fiber. AA grafted fibers were rendered more hydrophilic than AN grafted fibers for equivalent amount of grafts. Considerable improvement in dyeability of the PE fibers was possible through grafting. About 50% to 100% improvement with disperse dyes was observed in case of PE fibers containing 22.4% and 9.0% graft of AA and AN, respectively. Intense fast dyeing with direct and basic (cationic) dyes was also possible, and the dye content was proportional to the extent of graft introduced in the fiber. The CN groups were reduced to NH₂ groups in the AN graft on the fiber. In this way, deep, fast, and bright dyeing was obtained with reactive dyes. Electrokinetic studies were carried out on the grafted fibers. With the increased amount of AA graft, the maxima in the zeta potential curve shifted toward higher acidic pH as greater amounts of alkali was utilized by the ? COOH groups in the graft. In this respect, CN groups were less sensitive due to their lesser polarity as compared to the carboxylic groups. It was observed from surface charge density (S.C.D.) studies that the effective surface area of the fiber decreased with the increase in the amount of graft, particularly in case of AN graft. Surface conductivity (S.C.) studies revealed that with increase in the number of polar groups (? COOH) on the surface of the fiber, the S.C. increased with the increase in the amount of AA graft. In case of AN grafts, the reduction in effective surface area of the fiber played a more important role than the contribution by the CN groups to surface conductivity.     

白竹炭涤纶的染色性能

以普通涤纶为对比,采用3种分散染料对白竹炭涤纶进行染色,探讨了分散染料对白竹炭涤纶的提升性能、动力学以及热力学性能的影响,并计算出分散染料在纤维上的染色速率常数、半染时间和分配系数。结果表明:白竹炭涤纶和普通涤纶的染色特性很相似;白竹炭涤纶的染色速率常数和分散系数稍大于普通涤纶,半染时间比普通涤纶的短。     

Effects of the phenol on the dyeing of polyester fibre with some disperse azo-dyes

The effects of the phenol, as carrier, on the dyeing rates, apparent diffusion coefficients, solubilities, thermodynamic affinities and T_D values of some disperse azo-dyes on polyester fibre are reported.The dyeing rates of less soluble dyes are higher than those of more soluble hydrophilic dyes, while the affinity and T_D values show a reversed behaviour.The carrier efficiency on the dyeing parameters studied appears to be correlated with the structure of dyes.     

Substituent effects on the colour,dyeing and fastness properties of 4-N-β-cyanoethyl-N-β-hydroxyethylaminoazobenzenes Part II—disubstituted derivatives

Dyeing and fastness properties on cellulose secondary acetate and polyester fibres of a series of 2′-substituted-4′-nitro, 4′-substituted-2′-nitro and 2′,6′-disubstituted-4-N-β-cyanoethyl-N-β-hydroxyethylaminoazobenzenes are reported. All dyes gave good coloration, with the exception of those containing the methylsulphonyl group, which had poor substantivity for polyester. Electronic spectra data of all dyes are reported; considerable steric hindrance was apparent with certain types of 2′,6′ disubstitution. Data derived from tristimulus values of dyed polyester showed the degree of 'off-tone' build up is greater with red dyes, than with orange and yellow dyes. The presence of a 2′-nitro group leads to poor lightfastness.     

Monoazo disperse dyes. Part 2; Colour–constitution relationships of some novel blue disperse dyes†

Bright blue monoazo disperse dyes have been prepared by coupling diazonium salts derived from 2‐amino‐5‐nitrothiazoles on to 3‐acylamino‐N,N‐dialkylaniline based coupling components. Colour–constitution relationships of the dyes in solution and on polyester have been examined in terms of the electronic and steric substituent effects. Also the solution spectral and colorimetric data have been compared.     

舒适性聚酯纤维研究Ⅲ.共混改性聚酯纤维染色性能

共混改性聚酯纤维由于加入了含有磺酸基团的间苯二甲酸双羟乙酯-5-磺酸钠(SIPE)成分的添加剂,具有较好的阳离子染料可染性能,且阳离子染料的上染率在较大程度上取决于改性添加剂含量的高低。但对分散染料的上染率而言,添加量的影响并不显著。不论何种染料,纤维横截面的变化对于上染率的影响均不明显。碱处理后共混改性聚酯纤维对阳离子染料的吸收量有较大的增加,只不过达到一定程度后,上染率转而趋向下降。但对分散染料而言,其上染率基本上随减量率的增加呈现单一的下降趋势。     

Novel hydrolysable azo disperse dyes based on N‐ester‐1,8‐naphthalimide: dyeing of polyester–cotton blends

The dyeing of polyester–cotton blends with new alkali‐hydrolysable azo disperse dyes based on N‐ester‐1,8‐naphthalimide was investigated. Polyester–cotton blend fabrics were dyed using both one‐ and two‐bath methods. Dyes 3 and 4 offered lower colour yield on polyester using the one‐bath method. For the rest of the dyes, employing either the one‐ or two‐bath method resulted in a similar colour yield on polyester fabric. The results for fastness properties and colour yield of the dyeings showed that the dyes were suitable for dyeing polyester–cotton blends using the one‐bath method. The kinetic study of hydrolysis of the dyes in alkali media obeyed the pseudo first‐order reaction rate.     

可膨胀石墨催化合成醋酸正丁酯研究

可膨胀石墨对醋酸正丁酯的合成具有较高的催化活性。最佳条件为醇 :酸 (摩尔比 ) =1 :1 .1 5,催化剂用量为醇、酸总质量的 5.59% ,反应时间 55min,酯产率可达到 98%以上。     

聚丙烯/水溶性聚酯二元共混物及其纤维的性能研究

研究了聚丙烯 / 水溶性聚酯二元共混物的流动性、结晶性,考察了共混纤维的亲水性。结果表明:聚丙烯 / 水溶性聚酯共混物的流动行为与聚丙烯相似,为典型的假塑性流动,在低剪切速率区,共混物有更好的流动性;共混物的结晶度在水溶性聚酯含量为 9% 时,有最小值;共混纤维的回潮率随水溶性聚酯含量增加而增大;保水率在水溶性聚酯含量为 9% 时有最大值。     

Studies in dyeing. I. Effect of crystal modification of disperse dyes on their dyeing behavior

Three commerical disperse dyes and a laboratory-synthesized disperse azo dye were converted to different crystal forms. These were characterized by melting point, x-ray diffractograms, and their dyeing behavior on polyester fibers. The different crystal modifications of the same dye were shown to dye polyester fibers (but not polyamide fibers) at different rates and to different fiber saturation values. An attempt has been made to explain these differences based on a thermodynamic approach. An attempt is made to apply the concept of crystal modification of disperse dyes to some of the earlier studies done on dyeing and printing of disperse dyes on polyester and secondary cellulose acetate substrates reported in the literature.     

2,6-二氯苯甲腈的合成

本文详细研究了用重氮化方法制备2,6-二氯苯甲腈的方法,分别考察了硫酸与醋酸配比、氰化介质酸碱性、氰代分解温度对收率的影响,并对废水处理进行了考察。确定了n(硫酸)∶n(醋酸)=3 4∶1～1∶1之间,氰代温度50℃,氰代反应介质pH值7～9的最佳条件,同时找到了一条处理含氰络合物废水的方法,使CuCN循环,而且处理后废水低于国家排放标准。     

载体复配对涤纶分散染料常压沸染的影响研究

将N-正丁基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、自制苯酯助剂和WLS联合应用于涤纶常压沸染染色中,结果表明:N-正丁基邻苯二甲酰亚胺和苯酯助剂具有增塑涤纶的作用,而苯酯助剂和WLS具有阳离子结构,可促进分散染料阴离子胶束吸附涤纶,这3种助剂按适当比例复配有协效作用。复配载体应用于涤纶织物分散染料常压染色,染料上染百分率、染色织物表观深度、耐摩擦牢度及耐皂洗牢度与传统高温高压染色工艺效果相当。     

Azo dyes based on naphtholic oligomers

A series of oligomeric azo dyes has been prepared by coupling various diazonium salts of benzothiazoles to 1-naphthol/formaldehyde (1-NF) and 2-naphthol/formaldehyde (2-NF) oligomers. They were characterised in terms of their softening point, yield, colour, solubility and UV-VIS spectra. Structure-property relationships are discussed. Dyeing on polyester, nylon-6,6, and wool resulted in orange to red coloration having excellent light and washing fastness properties.     

Aftertreatment of polyester fabric dyed with temporarily solubilised disperse dyes

Temporarily solubilised disperse dyes derived from aminophenyl-4-(β-sulphatoethylsulphone) are exhausted on the polyester fibre mostly in the vinylsulphone form and to a lesser extent as their hydroxyethylsulphone analogues. After dyeing, to remove the unexhausted dyes on the polyester fibre, sulphite anions were added to the dyebath. The vinylsulphone residue of the dye was attacked by the sulphite anion via an addition reaction converting the dye into a soluble derivative, which then had little affinity for the polyester fibre. The effect of sodium sulphite on the conversion of the dye was investigated using HPLC. The wash and rub fastness properties of the dyed fabric aftertreated with sodium sulphite were similar to those obtained with reduction clearing.