城市生活垃圾处理技术现状及管理措施研究

目前,我国的城市垃圾数量非常大,增长的速度非常快,而在我国并没有非常先进的处理生活垃圾的系统,所以,在我国各大中小型城市中,生活垃圾都是以堆肥、填埋以及焚烧的形式进行处理,这些处理方式各具优势,也都各有缺点。我国只有针对城市生活垃圾的情况,不断提出新的措施和建议,才能使我国在城市垃圾情况中凸显的问题得到解决。政府只有不断对生活垃圾问题进行调控,才能使公众的环境得到保证,才能更进一步的使城市的生活垃圾问题得到缓解。     

中小城市垃圾处理和资源化的一条新途径——利用立窑焚烧城市垃圾的实践

1目前我国垃圾处理的现状 随着我国城市人口的膨胀和人民生活水平的提高，资源、环境的压力越来越大，城市垃圾更是与日俱增，已经成为城市发展的一个毒瘤。过去，由于经济条件和人们环境意识的局限，积压下来的垃圾约有60亿吨，侵占土地5亿m^2，而且每年以2亿吨的速度递增，其中绝大部分垃圾未经处理，堆积在城郊，滋生害虫，臭气熏天，甚至污染地下水，给附近的居民生活环境带来了恶劣的影响。     

城市垃圾理化指标的测定

针对发酵处理城市生活垃圾，加入降解纤维素的菌种以提高堆肥有机质的含量。对城市垃圾的一些理化指标进行了测定，为菌种的培养及选择和菌种的诱变及基因重组提供了详细的参数。对德阳城市垃圾进行测定并得出结论：水分为14－40％；pH值为8－9；总磷为0．05－0．2％；可溶性还原糖为0．6－1．4％；有机质为15－39％。     

浅谈水泥窑协同处置生活垃圾技术及装备

1我国城市生活垃圾现状和处理方法1.1我国城市生活垃圾的现状随着生活水平的不断提高,生活垃圾也随之增加,垃圾处理问题也随之而来。总的概括来看我国城市生活垃圾呈现几个特点:一是量大,存量和产出量都比较大。据有关资料显示2010年年底:我国垃圾存     

谈城市生活垃圾的处理问题

垃圾的处理问题已经是令当今社会十分头痛的问题。特别是城市人口密集，地域相对狭窄，生活垃圾的数量更多，处理起来更加艰难。所以城市为生活垃圾所带来的污染问题严重困扰，在相当程度上已经影响到居民的正常生产生活环境，不容小视。认真分析城市生活垃圾存在的问题和现状，采取具有针对性的措施加以解决，是摆在环保部门人员面前的一项重大课题。本文就结合笔者工作实际谈一谈城市生活垃圾的处理问题。     

城市垃圾处理及资源化的探讨

随着我国城市化速度的加快及城市经济的迅猛发展,城市人们的生活水平也得到了极大程度的提高。但随之出现的垃圾围城问题,也严重制约了城市的发展。文章通过对我国城市垃圾的来源、组成及其处理现状进行分析,进而探讨解决城市垃圾围城问题的方法。     

城市垃圾焚烧灰在土木工程中的资源化综合利用

１　导言随着工业革命产生及发展，人口大量向城市聚集。１８００年，世界每１００人中仅５人为城市人口，而到目前为止每１００人中４０人为城市人口，欠发达及发展中国家这种人口城市化的现象更为严重，如巴西，城市化人口近７５％。人口城市化造成城市垃圾大量产生，如美国人均每天产生生活垃圾为１．５ｋｇ。大量的垃圾的产生严重地威胁到人们赖以生存的环境。处理城市垃圾刻不容缓，世界各国都积极探索处理垃圾的途径，目前，大规模处理垃圾的方法为：填埋和焚烧。焚烧的优点在于，大大地降低了垃圾的体积，减轻了垃圾对环境的污染；通…     

等离子体气化技术处理城市生活垃圾的研究现状

阐述了国内外等离子体气化技术处理城市生活垃圾的研究现状:国外研究已经从基础研究过渡到商业应用上;国内起步晚,仅有中科院力学所开始研究等离子体气化处理城市生活垃圾。我国有着提高城市生活处理水平的强劲驱动力,在国内采用等离子体气化处理垃圾的时机已经成熟。     

城市生活垃圾中重金属对水泥性能的影响

利用新型干法窑处理城市生活垃圾已成为垃圾处理的新趋势，垃圾中的重金属是否会对水泥性能产生不利的影响．是一个值得关注的问题。研究表明，当重金属的添加量大于0．5％时，不同的重金属会对水泥性能产生不同的影响．但生活垃圾中重金属的含量很低，远远小于0．5％，不会对水泥性能带来影响。     

国内外城市垃圾处理的现状与趋势

随着世界经济的高速发展,人们生活水平的提高,城市垃圾与日俱增。这些日益增长的垃圾不但污染环境,破坏城市的景观,而且还传播流行性疾病,甚至直接威胁着人类的生命安全。因此,如何解决城市垃圾的问题迫在眉睫。本文主要介绍国内外城市垃圾收集、处理的现状、发展和技术水...     

与强者同场竞技 靠创新促进发展——访青岛福润德塑料挤出技术有限公司总经理赵炳仁先生

一年一届的中国国际塑料橡胶工业展览会(国际橡塑展),是全球多个行业寻找橡塑工业世界性商贸伙伴的机遇,也是企业开拓中国以至亚洲市场商机之"金钥匙"。在25届国     

Hydrogels reinforced with nanoclays with improved response rate

Two series of semiinterpenetrating networks (SIPN) based on linear hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA), physically crosslinked with inorganic clay, are presented. The hydrogels with different crosslinking densities were prepared by varying the content of clay from 1 to 6 wt % and contained linear interpenetrant, PVA in the range of 0.5–1.5 wt %. The effect of clay content on swelling/deswelling behavior and phase transition in PNIPA gels, as well as the feasibility of reinforcing the gels with high molecular weight PVA, were analyzed. The thermal response of hydrogels, followed by DSC, confirmed that the insertion of hydrophilic PVA did not have a significant effect on the onset of the volume phase transition temperature, while the response was faster. The equilibrium degree of swelling of SIPNs and PNIPA hydrogels was in the range of 9–79 and decreased with increasing content of clay. The internal morphology and surface wettability of the hydrogels were investigated by scanning electron microscope analysis and contact angle measurements, respectively. The network structural parameters of the PNIPA and SIPN nanocomposites hydrogels, such as the average molecular weight between crosslinks, M_c, and effective crosslinking density, N_e, were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44535.     

Electrodialysis with brine solutions oversaturated with calcium sulfate

Electrodialysis (ED) was applied to concentrate brine solutions of various concentrations — similar to effluentsfrom the desalination of brackish and industrial water — to about 20%. The consequent reduction in effluent volumes would facilitate a reduction in disposal costs. The energy requirement for concentrating solutions from 70 to 300 mN (0.4-1.8%) to 3.9 N (20%) was in the range 1.5-7.1 kWh/m³, in contrast to approximately 25 kWh/m³ by thermal evaporation. With the aim of preventing precipitation of CaSO4 on the membranes, laboratory-scale ED experiments were carried out on solutions of different compositions to determine the conditions that would lead to the precipitation of excess gypsum on gypsum seeds in a separate precipitator. The results were then applied in a pilot-scale ED unit in which the brine that circulated through the ED brine cells passed through a separate CaSO, precipitator containing gypsum seeds.     

Biological studies with cyclopropenoids inactivated with fatty acids

Cyclopropenoids inactivated by reactingSterculia foetida oil with cottonseed oil fatty acids were fed at three dietary levels to growing rats and laying hens for 4 weeks. At the termination of the experiments, all animals were autopsied and examined microscopically for pathological lesions, but no pathology that could be related to dietary treatment was observed. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume and plasma cholesterol were similar in animals fed all of the diets. Growth rate of rats and egg production of hens fed the experimental diets were similar to those of animals fed the control diet. After 3 and 6 months of storage, eggs from hens fed the inactivated cyclopropenoids were normal and showed no evidence of the unusual characteristics of cyclopropenoid feeding. Lipids of heart, liver and adipose tissues of all the rats and hens varied little from the normal fatty acid composition. Small amounts of three unidentified fatty acids were found in the adipose tissues of rats fed the higher levels of inactivated cyclopropenoids. The results of these feeding studies suggest that inactivation of cyclopropenoids with fatty acids eliminates the unusual biological effects attributable to cyclopropenoids. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, April 1970.     

高压电动机受潮现场处理的技术分析

山东铝业公司水泥厂（以下简称我厂）运行的大型高压电动机较多．有时由于长时间停运或者环境的潮湿，导致电动机的绝缘水平下降，致使电动机不能再次正常启动。因大型电动机是企业的关键设备，其运行好坏直接影响企业生产的正常与否，进而影响企业效益。     

以创新谋发展 以协作促转型

复合肥行业的转型升级已被列为化肥行业"十三五"规划重要内容。介绍我国复合肥行业转型发展期的特征,并提出在此形势下复合肥行业的发展思路;以创新谋发展,促进行业技术水平提高;以协作促转型,助推行业转型发展。     

以创新铸就名牌 以名牌促进发展

介绍厦门正新橡胶工业有限公司在观念、产品、管理和技术方面开展创新活动的经验。观念创新是名牌战略的灵魂,相互理解与支持、创建伙伴关系是公司对外往来的原则,坚决实施名牌战略,坚持以人为本、适才适用的原则;产品创新是占领市场的法宝,根据市场需求不断适时开发新产品;管理创新是维护品牌形象的前提,各项试验均执行企业内控标准,严把产品质量关;技术创新是实施名牌战略的源泉,以自有技术开发各种轮胎。通过开展创新活动,公司利税指标一直位居国内前列。     

Crosslinking of styrene-butadiene rubber with polyurethanes bicapped with benzyocyclobutene

Summary A polyurethane prepared from 1,9-nonanediol and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate with M_n=11,840, was capped on both ends in a reaction with 4-(benzocyclobutenyl) methanol. The polyurethane was used to crosslink styrene-butadiene rubber through Diels-Alder reactions on the benzocyclobutene functionality. The synthesis and characterization of 4-(benzocyclobutenyl) methanol, a molecule not reported previously, is presented. The crosslinking reaction was carried out on intimate mixtures of the telechelic polyurethane and SBR at elevated temperature and pressure. Various physical properties of the crosslinked material were studied.Work done at the Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA     

Boundary-Layer Structure with Hydrogen Combustion with Different Injection Intensities

Results of numerical simulation of the influence of intensity of hydrogen injection through a porous surface in the case of hydrogen burning in the boundary layer are presented. Turbulent characteristics of the flow were simulated using the k–epsiv; turbulence model with Chien's modification for low Reynolds numbers. The diffusion model (infinitely large burning rate) was used to describe the chemical reaction process, but the difference in diffusion coefficients of different substances was taken into account. A comparison of injection with and without combustion shows that the presence of a heat-release front delays the laminar–turbulent transition and significantly deforms the profiles of density and viscosity of the gas mixture. As the injection velocity increases, the flame front is shifted from the porous surface toward the outer edge of the boundary layer. The contributions of injection itself and combustion to reduction of skin friction are analyzed. Key wrds: boundary layer, combustion, porous injection, heat and mass transfer, friction.