华南中泥盆世成煤植物

依据煤中植物残体分析并结合煤系地层植物群组合特征，对华南中泥盆世成煤植物进行了论证．研究表明形成角质残植煤的植物具有多样性，主要为裸蕨类和原始石松类，其中戴肯涅带蕨（Ｔａｅｎｉｏｃｒａｄａｄｅｃｈｅｎｉａｎａ）在成煤植物群落中占优势地位．     

晋城矿区含煤地层的沉积环境

晋城矿区含煤地层自下而上本溪组为泻湖、海湾等过渡环境沉积 ,含煤性差 ;太原组为一套海陆交互相沉积 ,煤层主要形成于海退时期发育的半咸水闭流泥炭沼泽 ,这些沼泽发育于滨海平原、三角洲间湾及泻湖海湾滨岸带 ,因而煤层稳定性普遍较好 ;山西组则主要为一套河流及三角洲沉积 ,煤层主要形成于淤平的湖沼和三角洲平原上发育的淡水泥炭沼泽 .沉积环境的演化决定了含煤地层的总体面貌     

四川中梁山和南桐矿区晚二叠世龙潭组主要煤层的煤相分析

本文从煤岩学、沉积学、古生物学和地球化学等方面分析了中,梁山北矿 K_2、K_4煤层和南桐砚石台矿四号、六号煤层的煤相;根据从煤中发现的植物残体和含煤岩系中发现的大化石确定了成煤植物的类型;并根据从煤中发现的细菌化石结合地化分析阐述了泥炭沼泽的介质性质。     

近松散层疏放开采的水文地质条件改造研究

阐述了水地质条件改造意义，结合太平煤矿近松散层疏放开采的实际水、地质条件，试验研究了矿井水地质条件，提出了地面供水井封堵和井下疏放结合的综合开采方案，阶段性地实现了第四系上组水的开采保护和井下安全生产，对进一步疏放开采亦具有重要的指导意义．     

胶济铁路黄土堆积的化石地层材料

为配合胶济铁路复线建设，对沿线黄土堆积中的20处脊椎动物化石产地进行了调查，并对20世纪20年代的3处哺乳动物化石产地进行了复查，据此划分了沿线第四纪地层．通过对这些化石地层材料进行报道，供区域第四系研究之参考．这些材料是：全新世黄土堆积中的北京斑鹿和化层，晚更新世黄土堆积中的诺氏古菱齿象、古菱齿象、披毛犀、梅氏四不像鹿、原始牛、牛、盘羊和安氏鸵鸟；中更新世黄土堆积中的剑齿象、古菱齿象、中国犀、猪、?大斑鹿、葛氏斑鹿、扁骨大角鹿、肿骨大角鹿、短角水牛和山东绵羊．     

桂林大圩下石炭统大塘阶下部的动藻迹及古环境

桂林大圩下石炭统大塘阶下部发现丰富的动藻迹Zoophycos.Zoophycos遗迹相带的分布范围主要是正常浪基面以下浅海到半深海环境。     

宁夏一次局部强降水中尺度时空特征合成分析

针对发生于2002年8月13—14日的宁夏一次强降水过程，进行了降水场时空特征分析、中尺度天气学成因分析，并利用宁夏精细化预报系统的物理量场，即中尺度非静力平衡数值预报模式MM5逐小时高时空分辨率导出产品，进行了高强度降水时段的合成分析．结果表明：该次过程的降水量时间与空间分布具有很大的不均匀性，大形势场内的中尺度涡旋导致了降水过程的产生，涡旋内中小尺度冷空气活动，与地形强迫引起的上升运动相配合，造成了山麓迎风面的短时强降水．宁夏精细化预报系统的物理量产品对这一过程的细节变化具有较好的描述能力，具有较明确的预报指示意义．     

华北中部太原组火山事件层与煤岩层对比--火山事件层的沉积学研究与展布规律(Ⅰ)

研究了华北中部太原组含煤地层中火山事件层的岩石学识别标志和分布规律．研究结果表明：含煤地层中广泛发育火山事件层．火山事件层的岩石类型以玻屑（沉）凝灰岩、玻屑晶屑（沉）凝灰岩和凝灰质中细粒砂岩为主．火山事件沉积的成因类型以空降－水携复合型和空降型为主．研究区由西向东,火山事件层的赋存层位有上迁的趋势;从东、西两个方向向峰峰地区均远离火山源．西部区和东部区分别对应一个火山源,东部区火山源位于河北康堡、围场一带,西部区火山源位于内蒙古达尔罕明安旗一带．     

Influence of backfilling rate on the stability of the “backfilling body-immediate roof” cooperative bearing structure

To reduce the cost of backfilling coal mining and utilize the underground space of coal mines, a new backfilling mining method with low backfilling rate called constructional backfilling coal mining (CBCM) is proposed. The “backfilling body-immediate roof” cooperative bearing structure of CBCM is analyzed by establishing the model of the medium thick plate on an elastic foundation. The influence of the backfilling rate on the stability of overlying strata is analyzed by the numerical simulation experiment. The control effect of CBCM is verified by a physic similar simulation test. The economic benefit of CBCM is analyzed. The conclusions are: the deformation characteristics of the immediate roof and critical backfilling spacing in CBCM can be analyzed based on the Hu Haichang’s theory. Exerting the bearing capacity of the immediate roof is beneficial to the stability of the overlying strata. The CBCM has a good control effect on the overburden in Xinyang Mine when the backfilling rate is lower than 25%. The backfilling cost of per ton coal is 37.39 yuan/t when the backfilling rate is 13.7%, with a decrease rate of 56.63% than the full-filling. The research results can provide theoretical support for the application of CBCM in coal mining.     

淮北煤田二叠纪含煤地层植物群的组合特征

本文系统鉴定了植物化石62属、137种,总结了淮北煤田早二叠世含煤地层植物群的基本面貌和主要特征。该植物群可划分为早、晚两期植物组合,即早二叠世早期怀特华夏羊齿 Cathaysiopteris whitei —朝鲜羊齿 Callipteridium koraiense —疏脉科达 Cordaites schenkii 组合和早二叠世晚期剑瓣轮叶 Lobtannularia ensifblia—单网羊齿 Gigantonoclea spp. —蹄痕茎 Caulopteris spp.组合。     

中国含煤区地质背景与构造变形特征

在大量的煤田地质调查与专题研究基础上,结合区域地质背景分析,对中国5个含煤区聚煤过程的构造控制机理,构造变形特征进行了深入研究。结果表明,中国含煤区分布与中国大陆岩石圈基本格架相似,复杂而有序（规律性）的煤系构造变形受聚煤盆地基底属性、盆缘活动带构造演化历程控制。中国大陆中、新生代不同地球动力学体系的差异性演化是划分煤盆地东西向构造变形区的基础,印支期以前挤压构造作用形成了含煤区南北向构造变形分区,板块或陆块不同构造部位的变形差异形成了相应的变形环带。中国含煤区有3个变形区、7个变形分区、3个分区小区,以及若干个变形环带。     

Prospecting for coal in China with remote sensing

With the rapid development of China's economy, coal resources are increasingly in great demand. As a result, the remaining coal reserves diminish gradually with large-scale exploitation of coal resources. Easily-found mines which used to be identiffed from outcrops or were buried under shallow overburden are decreasing, especially in the prosperous eastern regions of China,which experience coal shortages. Currently the main targets of coal prospecting are concealed and unidentified underground coal bodies, making it more and more difficult for coal prospecting. It is therefore important to explore coal prospecting by taking advantage of modern remote sensing and geographic information system technologies. Given a theoretical basis for coal prospecting by remote sensing, we demonstrate the methodologies and existing problems systematically by summarizing past practices of coal prospecting with remote sensing. We propose a new theory of coal prospecting with remote sensing. In uncovered areas, coal resources can be prospected for by direct interpretation. In coal beating strata of developed areas covered by thin Quaternary strata or vegetation, prospecting for coal can be carried out by indirect interpretation of geomorphology and vegetation. For deeply buried underground deposits, coal prospecting can rely on tectonic structures, interpretation and analysis of new tectonic clues and regularity of coal formation and preservation controlled by tectonic structures. By applying newly hyper-spectral, multi-polarization, multi-angle, multi-temporal and multi-resolution remote sensing data and carrying out integrated analysis of geographic attributes,ground attributes, geophysical exploration results, geochemical exploration results, geological drilling results and remote sensing data by GIS tools, coal geology resources and mineralogical regularities can be explored and coal resource information can be acquired with some confidence.     

含煤岩系高分辨率层序地层格架及特征研究—以河北石炭—二叠纪为例

运用高分辨率层序地层学的观点和分析技术,建立了时间－层序地层格架;以基准面旋回为基础,论述了河北石炭－二叠纪层序发育特征,地层分布模式和盆地充填演化序列以及基准面变化与陆表海盆地煤聚集的成因联系。结果表明：河北石炭－二叠纪含岩系为内陆表海盆地沉积,盆地的生成演化及其沉积作用与基准面变化密切相关,聚煤作用的发育也受到基准面变化的严格控制,形成旋回结构十分清晰的含煤层序。     

黔渝地区松藻矿区梨园坝井田晚二叠世龙潭组煤系聚煤规律分析

根据梨园坝井田勘探资料，初步总结了龙潭组煤层的聚煤规律，运用沉积学、煤田地质学等基本理论和方法，分析了该井田含煤地层的岩性组合、砂体发育特征、古地理、古构造和海水进退等控制因素对聚煤规律的影响．根据含煤地层的岩性、粒度、沉积构造、古生物化石和含硫量等沉积特征，确定了该井田含煤地层形成于局限海碳酸盐台地潮坪沉积体系．结果表明，由古构造引起的海水进退是煤层聚积的主要控制因素，在海退末期海侵初期，地壳相对稳定，可形成强盛聚煤期．泥炭坪是成煤的重要古地理环境，潮沟和潮道的冲刷对煤层有一定的破坏作用．     

东濮凹陷下第三系沙河街组植物痕迹化石与古土壤之发现及其环境意义

植物活动痕迹与作为生态系统痕迹化石的古土壤（Ｐａｌｅｏｓｏｌ）关系密切［１］,两者都是现代痕迹学研究的重要内容．根据东濮凹陷油气区钻井岩芯中获得的资料,对植物根迹和古土壤作了环境分析,指出其在辨别海相、非海相、层序界面［２］、古地理、古气候方面的显著作用,为油气储层沉积环境和层序地层学研究增添了新的分析手段     

Coupling effects of coal pillars of thick coal seams in large-space stopes and hard stratum on mine pressure

Concerning the issue of mine pressure behaviors occurred in fully mechanized caving mining of thick coal seams beneath hard stratum in Datong Mining Area, combined with thin and thick plate theory, the paper utilizes theoretical analysis, similar experiments, numerical simulations and field tests to study the influence of remaining coal pillars in Jurassic system goaf on hard stratum fractures, as well as mine pressure behaviors under their coupling effects. The paper concludes the solution formula of initial fault displacement in hard stratum caused by remaining coal pillars. Experiments prove that coupling effects can enhance mine pressure behaviors on working faces. When inter-layer inferior key strata fractures, mine pressure phenomenon such as significant roof weighting steps and increasing resistance in support.When inter-layer superior key strata fractures, the scope of overlying strata extends to Jurassic system goaf, dual-system stopes cut through, and remaining coal pillars lose stability. As a result, the bottom inferior key strata also lose stability. It causes huge impacts on working face, and the second mine pressure behaviors. These phenomena provide evidence for research on other similar mine strata pressure behaviors occurred in dual-system mines with remaining coal pillars.     

贵州晚二叠世含煤地层沉积格局及其构造控制

贵州省主要含煤地层是上二叠统龙潭组和长兴组，先前研究基本查明了其沉积环境和区域构造背景．在此基础上，结合近年来的勘探成果，进一步就区域构造对含煤地层沉积格局的控制作用进行了探讨．研究表明：晚二叠世期间发育的同沉积断裂对含煤地层沉积格局起着区域性控制作用，形成了“东西分带、南北分区”的沉积与聚煤格局．总体来看，以横贯中部的遵义-惠水NNE向断裂带为界，东部地区海相沉积较为发育且煤层发育极差，西部地区以海陆交互相沉积为主且煤层发育较好;以盎县-六盘水NNE向断裂带为界，西部主要表现陆源区，而东部为沉积区．在此构造背景上，六盘水-瓮安断裂带将贵州中、西部进一步划分为黔北隆起和黔南坳陷2个一级构造单元，2个单元的沉积作用和聚煤特征差异显著．不同断裂带在不同沉积阶段沉降活动的差异性，是导致龙潭早期、龙潭晚期、长兴期沉积格局和聚煤特征有所不同的重要原因．     

Simulation of recovery of upper remnant coal pillar while mining the ultra-close lower panel using longwall top coal caving

With the depletion of easily minable coal seams, less favorable reserves under adverse conditions have to be mined out to meet the market demand. Due to some historical reasons, large amount of remnant coal was left unrecovered. One such case history occurred with the remnant rectangular stripe coal pillars using partial extraction method at Guandi Mine, Shanxi Province, China. The challenge that the coal mine was facing was that there is an ultra-close coal seam right under it with an only 0.8–1.5 m sandstone dirt band in between. The simulation study was carried out to investigate the simultaneous recovery of upper remnant coal pillars while mining the ultra-close lower panel using longwall top coal caving(LTCC). The remnant coal pillar was induced to cave in as top coal in LTCC system. Physical modelling shows that the coal pillars are the abutments of the stress arch structure formed within the overburden strata. The stability of overhanging roof strata highly depends on the stability of the remnant coal pillars. And the gob development(roof strata cave-in) is intermittent with the cave-in of these coal pillars and the sandstone dirt band. FLAC3 D numerical modelling shows that the multi-seam interaction has a significant influence on mining-induced stress environment for mining of lower panels. The pattern of the stress evolution on the coal pillars with the advance of the lower working face was found. It is demonstrated that the stress relief of a remnant coal pillar enhances the caveability of the pillars and sandstone dirt band below.     

Mechanical mechanism of overlying strata breaking and development of fractured zone during close-distance coal seam group mining

This study mainly investigates the mechanical mechanism of overlying strata breaking and the development of fractured zones during close-distance coal seam group mining in the Gaojialiang coal mine. First,a mechanical model for the second ‘‘activation" of broken overlying strata is established, and the related mechanical ‘‘activation" conditions are obtained. A recursive formula for calculating the separation distance of overlying strata is deduced. Second, a height determining method for predicting the height of fractured zones during close-distance coal seam group mining is proposed based on two values, namely,the separation distance and ultimate subsidence value of overlying strata. This method is applied to calculate the fractured zone heights in nos. 20107 and 20307 mining faces. The calculated results are almost equal to the field observation results. Third, a modified formula for calculating the height of a waterflowing fractured zone is proposed. A comparison of the calculated and observed results shows that the errors are small. The height determining method and modified formula not only build a theoretical foundation for water conservation mining at the Gaojialiang coal mine, but also provide a reference for estimating the height of water-flowing fractured zones in other coal mines with similar conditions.     

岩石类型与水层赋存状态对地面NMR的影响

本文根据流体介质的NMR平均衰减时间T2 (ms)的大小对含水岩石类型进行了划分 ,然后按含水岩层孔隙度大小讨论和大小的关系 ,对T2 值和NMR信号振幅的影响也作了讨论 ,列出了二者之间的数学表达式 ;第二部分就含水层的赋存状态 (含水层深度、含水量 )和NMR的关系进行了探讨。