辅助增塑剂环氧大豆油对丁腈橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶性能的影响

研究了辅助增塑剂环氧大豆油对以偏苯三甲酸三辛酯为主增塑剂的丁腈橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶的硫化过程、耐油性能及流变性能的影响。结果表明,加入少量环氧大豆油,较单独使用偏苯三甲酸三辛酯可制备出具有更低硬度、高耐油性和流动性好的热塑性硫化胶。环氧大豆油可使丁腈橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶制品的表面更加光滑,保护其不被氧化,令其色泽更加鲜艳和透明。     

动态硫化方法制备NBR/TPEE热塑性硫化橡胶的研究

采用动态硫化方法制备了丁腈橡胶(NBR)/热塑性聚酯弹性体(TPEE)热塑性硫化橡胶,研究了过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)用量对热塑性硫化橡胶加工性能、力学性能、压缩永久变形性能、耐油性能的影响,同时研究了硫化橡胶的可循环加工性能。研究表明,随着DCP用量的增大,胶料的交联密度增大,在密炼机中的转矩上升,但当加入DCP的用量超过1.0质量份时,硫化胶料在密炼机里难以剪切破碎,导致转矩反而减小;随着DCP用量的增加,热塑性硫化橡胶的拉伸强度先增大后降低,100%定伸应力、硬度增大,压缩永久变形变化率降低,耐油性能提高。     

低硬度 EPDM/PP热塑性动态硫化胶Ⅲ .微观相态结构对性能的影响

研究了反应挤出型低硬度EPDM/PP共混型热塑性动态硫化橡胶（EP-TPV）胶相交联密度和平均胶相粒径对力学性能和流变性能的影响。结果表明,要想制得综合性能优良的EP-TPV,应通过制备工艺控制,使EP-TPV具有适中的胶相交联密度及适中的平均胶相粒径。     

注射成型EPDM/PP热塑性硫化橡胶的制备及性能研究

研究了注射成型EPDM／PP热塑性硫化橡胶的配方及共混设备对性能的影响。结果表明：采用双螺杆挤出机制备,硫化剂用量为3份时,制得的EPDM／PP的性能较好;注射成型试样的拉伸性能好于模压成型试样。     

EVAL-g-MANa离聚物对PP/EVA热塑性硫化橡胶性能的影响

将皂化乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物接枝马来酸钠(EVAL-g-MANa)离聚物加入聚丙烯(PP)/乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)热塑性硫化橡胶中,探讨了EVAL-g-MANa对PP/EVA热塑性硫化橡胶力学性能、加工性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明:EVAL-g-MANa可作为PP/EVA热塑性硫化橡胶的相容剂。当EVAL-g-MANa用量为6 phr时,PP/EVA热塑性硫化橡胶的拉伸强度、悬臂梁缺口冲击强度、弯曲应力分别提高13.79%,23.85%,14.95%,同时,熔体流动速率提高32.56%。     

热塑性硫化橡胶的制备与性能

综述了热塑性硫化橡胶（TPV）的制备技术，制备工艺及微观结构，分析了影响TPV性能的因素，简介了几种典型非极性橡胶／非极性树脂型TPV，极性橡胶／非极性树脂型TPV，非极性橡胶／极性树脂型TPV，极性橡胶／极性树脂型TPV的制备与性能。     

三元乙丙橡胶-聚丙烯共混型热塑性动态硫化橡胶国内研究概况

介绍了共混组分体系、共混工艺方式及其条件、纤维、微粒改性对三元乙丙橡胶-聚丙烯(EPDM-PP)共混型热塑性动态硫化橡胶性能影响等的研究情况。     

丁腈橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性弹性体的产业化研究

研究了三乙烯四胺(TETA)、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MP)和羧基丁腈橡胶(XNBR)对丁腈橡胶(NBR)/聚丙烯(PP)共混体系的增容机理,并通过红外光谱对其机理进行了表征。采用双螺杆挤出机作为动态硫化设备,研究了偏苯三酸三辛酯(TOTM)对NBR/PP体系的增塑效果;同时考察了硅土和碳酸钙填料对体系性能的影响。结果表明,碳酸钙是该体系较好的填料体系。     

环保型增塑剂HEXAMOLLDINCH对丁腈橡胶性能的影响

增塑剂因能改善胶料的加工性能、降低粘度、增加流动性,降低硫化胶硬度和改善耐寒性而被广泛使用。对于极性橡胶,如丁腈橡胶、氯丁橡胶等而言,最常用的增塑剂有邻苯二甲酸酯类、脂肪族二酸酯类等。邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂与橡胶的相容性好,缺点是挥发温度低,低温易结晶且有致癌嫌疑;脂肪族二元酸酯类的耐热性、耐寒性好,有优良的低温柔软性,缺点是迁移性大,易被抽出。因此寻求和使用环保型、高性能增塑剂是今后橡胶工业发展的必然趋势。     

新型增塑剂DINCH对丁腈橡胶性能的影响

研究新型增塑剂DINCH对丁腈橡胶(NBR)性能的影响,并与几种常用增塑剂进行对比。结果表明,在过氧化物和硫黄硫化体系下,加入增塑剂DINCH的NBR硫化胶具有较好的强伸性能和较低的压缩永久变形,其耐寒性能介于增塑剂DBP或DOP和增塑剂DBS或DOS硫化胶之间,且耐油性能良好。     

Thermoplastic vulcanizates based on epoxidized natural rubber/polypropylene blends: Effect of epoxide levels in ENR molecules

Epoxidized natural rubbers (ENR) with various levels of epoxide groups were prepared. Thermoplastic vulcanizates based on 75/25 ENRs/PP blends with Ph‐PP compatibilizer were later prepared by dynamic vulcanization using sulfur curing system. Influence of various levels of epoxide groups on rheological, mechanical morphological properties, and swelling resistance of the TPVs was investigated. It was found that the mixing torque, apparent shear stress, apparent shear viscosity, tensile strength, and hardness properties increased with increasing levels of epoxide groups in the ENR molecules. This may be attributed to increasing level of chemical interaction between the methylol groups of the Ph‐PP molecules and polar functional groups of the ENR molecules. Also, the PP segments in the Ph‐PP molecules are capable of compatibilizing with the PP molecules used as a blend composition. In SEM micrographs, we observed finer dispersion of vulcanized rubber domains as increasing levels of epoxide contents. This corresponds to increasing trend of strength and hardness properties of the TPVs. An increasing trend of tension set and a decreasing trend of elongation at break were observed as increasing levels of epoxide groups in the ENR molecules. This is because of higher rigidity of the vulcanized ENR phase with higher epoxide groups. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3046–3052, 2006     

膨胀阻燃三元乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶的性能

分析了膨胀型阻燃剂聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)的加入方式对三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/聚丙烯(PP)体系硫化特性的影响,研究了加入不同膨胀型阻燃剂及协效剂硼酸锌(ZB)、有机蒙脱土(OMMT)对动态硫化EPDM/PP热塑性硫化胶(EPDM/PPTPV)性能的影响。结果表明,在动态硫化前加入APP或PER时,EPDM/PP体系不能进行硫化;当APP的加入量为30份时,EPDM/PPTPV的综合力学性能较佳;在EPDM/PPTPV中同时加入APP、PER、三聚氰胺(MEL)时,随着三者加入量的增加,体系的阻燃性能增强,但拉伸强度明显降低,三者的最佳用量为30份APP、10份PER、10份MEL,此时体系的黏度与纯EPDM/PPTPV相当;加入ZB或OMMT时,EPDM/PPTPV的拉伸强度降低,且加入OMMT体系的阻燃效果优于加入ZB体系;加入OMMT时,在低剪切速率下,体系的黏度减小;在高剪切速率下,体系的黏度增大;加入ZB时,在低剪切速率下,体系的黏度与未加ZB体系相当;在高剪切速率下,体系的黏度增大。     

Thermoplastic vulcanizates based on epoxidized natural rubber/polypropylene blends: Effect of compatibilizers and reactive blending

Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was prepared using the performic epoxidation method. TPVs based on ENR/PP blends were later prepared by melt‐mixing processes via dynamic vulcanization. The effects of blend ratios of ENR/PP, types of compatibilizers, and reactive blending were investigated. Phenolic modified polypropylene (Ph‐PP) and graft copolymer of maleic anhydride on polypropylene molecules (PP‐g‐MA) were prepared and used as blend compatibilizers and reactive blending components of ENR/Ph‐PP and ENR/PP‐g‐MA blends. It was found that the mixing torque, apparent shear stress and apparent shear viscosity increased with increasing levels of ENR. This is attributed to the higher viscosity of the pure ENR than that of the pure PP. Furthermore, there was a higher compatibilizing effect because of the chemical interaction between the polar groups in ENR and PP‐g‐MA or Ph‐PP. Mixing torque, shear flow properties (i.e., shear stress and shear viscosity) and mechanical properties (i.e., tensile strength, elongation at break, and hardness) of the TPVs prepared by reactive blending of ENR/Ph‐PP and ENR/PP‐g‐MA were lower than that of the samples without a compatibilizer. However, the TPVs prepared using Ph‐PP and PP‐g‐MA as compatibilizers exhibited higher values. We observed that the TPVs prepared from ENR/PP with Ph‐PP as a compatibilizer gave the highest rheological and mechanical properties, while the reactive blending of ENR/PP exhibited the lowest values. Trend of the properties corresponds to the morphology of the TPVs. That is, the TPV with Ph‐PP as a blend compatibilizer showed the smallest rubber particles dispersed in the PP matrix, while the reactive blending of ENR/PP‐g‐MA showed the largest particles. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4729–4740, 2006     

纳米SiO2对天然橡胶/聚丙烯共混型热塑性弹性体的改性

在双辊电热式塑炼机上采用动态硫化法制备了天然橡胶/聚丙烯共混型热塑性弹性体(NR/PP TPV)。考察了纳米S iO2的加入顺序及其用量对NR/PP TPV力学性能的影响,研究了纳米S iO2填充改性TPV的耐溶剂性能和耐热变形性能,并用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了其两相结构和断面形貌。结果表明,纳米S iO2先与NR混炼均匀,再加入小料和硫黄所得的NR母炼胶与PP制备的TPV力学性能较好,且最佳的纳米S iO2加入量为3份;纳米S iO2改性的NR/PP TPV具有良好的耐溶剂性能和耐热变形性能;纳米S iO2提高了NR与PP相间结合强度。     

Multifunctional peroxide as alternative crosslink agents for dynamically vulcanized epoxidized natural rubber/polypropylene blends

Commonly used dicumyl peroxide (DCP) in combination with coagent, triallyl cyanurate (TAC), as a crosslinking agent is well acceptable for dynamically vulcanized rubber phase of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs). However, it generally produces volatile decomposition products, which cause a typical unpleasant smell and a blooming phenomenon. In this work, influence of two types of multifunctional peroxides: 2,4‐diallyloxy‐6‐tert‐butylperoxy‐1,3,5‐triazine (DTBT) and 1‐(2‐tert‐butylperoxyisopropyl)‐3‐isopropenyl benzene (TBIB), on properties of TPVs based on epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/polypropylene (PP) blends were investigated. The conventional peroxide/coagent combinations, i.e., DCP/TAC and tert‐butyl cumyl peroxide (TBCP)/α‐methyl styrene (α‐MeS) were also used to prepare the TPVs for a comparison purpose. The TPVs with multifunctional peroxide, DTBT, provided good mechanical properties and phase morphology of small dispersed vulcanized rubber domains in the PP matrix which were comparable with the DCP/TAC cured TPVs. However, the TPVs with TBIB/α‐MeS and TBCP/α‐MeS showed comparatively low values of the tensile properties as well as rather large phase morphology. The results were interpreted by three main factors: the kinetic aspects of the various peroxides, solubility parameters of respective peroxide/coagent combinations in the ENR and PP phases, and the tendency to form unpleasantly smelling byproducts. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

纳米SiO2对动态硫化EPDM/PP热塑性硫化胶性能的影响

采用不同硫化体系动态硫化制备三元乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶(EPDM/PP TPVs),并在制备的过程添加不同量的纳米SiO2。结果表明酚醛树脂2402动态硫化得到的EPDM/PP TPVs性能最佳。随着纳米SiO2添加量的增加,EPDM橡胶粒子的粒径先减小后增大,当纳米SiO2的添加量为10份时,EPDM橡胶粒子的粒径达到最小。流变性能研究表明添加纳米SiO2使EPDM/PP TPVs的加工性能变差。动态机械分析仪(DMA)研究表明纳米SiO2提高了TPVs中PP相的玻璃化转变温度。当纳米SiO2的添加量为10份,TPVs的拉伸强度达到最高为23.7MPa,提高了19.1%,断裂伸长率达到最大为431%,提高了11.1%。纳米SiO2使EPDM/PP TPVs的热稳定性和耐热老化性能变好。     

反应型防老剂对丁腈橡胶聚合反应的影响

以丁二烯和丙烯腈为聚合单体,添加反应型防老剂进行自由基乳液聚合实验,考查了防老剂的种类和用量对聚合反应、乳液及聚合物性质的影响。结果表明,反应型防老剂对丁腈橡胶的聚合反应有抑制作用;在所选用的3种反应型单体中,NAPM热氧稳定性最好。NAPM较适宜的用量为1.75%。     

环保型增塑剂腰果壳油对丁腈橡胶性能的影响

研究了腰果壳油(CNSL)用量对丁腈橡胶胶料的硫化特性和硫化胶性能的影响,并与使用邻苯二甲酸二辛酯和环氧大豆油作为增塑剂进行了对比。结果表明,在0～30份(质量)用量内,加入CNSL后胶料的焦烧时间和正硫化时间有所缩短。与加入相同用量的邻苯二甲酸二辛酯和环氧大豆油的胶料及硫化胶相比,使用CNSL的胶料在硫化曲线上的最小转矩和最大转矩以及硫化胶的硬度、定伸应力和耐ASTM1#标准油体积增加率较小;硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、扯断伸长率和耐ASTM3#标准油体积增加率较大;硫化胶的耐热空气老化性能较好。     

增容剂对硅橡胶/热塑性聚氨酯热塑性硫化胶性能的影响

采用动态硫化法制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）/热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）共混型热塑性硫化胶（TPV）,考察了增容剂的种类及用量对TPV力学性能及加工流变性能的影响。结果表明,随着增容剂用量的增加,TPV的力学性能呈先上升后下降的趋势。相比于乙烯丙烯酸共聚物和乙烯与乙酸乙烯嵌段共聚物,用聚烯烃弹性体接枝马来酸酐（POE-g-MAH）作为增容剂时TPV的力学性能更为优异。3种增容剂均能提高TPV中MVQ相与TPU相的相容性。当POE-g-MAH的用量为6份时,TPV中MVQ相与TPU相的玻璃化转变温度靠近程度最大,两相界面较为模糊,增容效果最佳。