Al_(0.3)CoCrFeNi高熵合金高压扭转过程中的组织结构演变

对面心立方(FCC)结构的Al_(0.3)CoCrFeNi高熵合金进行不同应变量的高压扭转实验,利用维氏硬度仪、电子背散射衍射、X射线衍射仪以及透射电镜系统分析变形引起的组织结构演变。结果表明:高压扭转过程中合金晶体结构并未发生改变,仍然保持为FCC结构,但引发其晶粒纳米化,平均晶粒尺寸达到30nm。晶粒细化主要是通过孪晶(包含初次孪晶与二次孪晶)、去孪晶(包含初次去孪晶与二次去孪晶)以及孪晶界分割晶粒的过程实现。孪晶和随后去孪晶的竞争作用导致孪晶宽度先减小后增大,初次孪晶和二次孪晶的最小宽度分别为2.7nm和0.9nm。     

脉冲电沉积纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层热稳定性的研究

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱分析(EDS)等方法研究脉冲电沉积法制备的纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层的组织结构和合金成分.测定不同退火温度下纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层的显微硬度,并着重研究Ni-23.5%Co(质量分数)合金的热稳定性,结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,纳米晶Ni-Co合金在低温退火后显微硬度有所升高,在250℃时达到最高值,然后随退火温度的继续升高而降低.纳米晶Ni-23.5%Co合金镀层的晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,从原始晶粒尺寸13.5nm长大到300℃时的98.5nm,在升温速率为20K·min-1的DSC曲线中,Ni-23.5%Co合金在约300～350℃一直是低能放热,随后出现明显的放热峰,其峰值温度为372℃,放热焓为14.22J·g-1.通过测定不同升温速率条件下的DSC曲线峰值温度,由Kissinger方程求得纳米晶Ni-23.5%Co合金镀层的晶粒长大激活能为212.SkJ/mol.     

机械合金化的Cu-Sn纳米晶合金的热力学稳定性研究(英文)

在纳米结构的金属及合金中,随着晶粒尺寸的下降,晶界体积分数显著增加,使得晶粒长大的驱动力提高,因此纳米金属在加热时(甚至是室温下)是不稳定的。对Trelewicz/Schuh(TS)模型进行了修正,并利用修正的模型对Cu-Sn纳米晶合金的热力学稳定倾向做了计算研究。利用机械合金化的方法制备不同溶质含量的Cu-Sn纳米晶合金,在不同温度下进行退火实验。实验结果及理论计算表明,随着溶质原子的加入及在晶界的偏聚,Cu-Sn纳米晶合金的晶粒长大得到抑制,热力学稳定性提高。     

Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)纳米晶合金制备及其软磁性能

首先制备了Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)非晶合金带材并研究了微量Al在Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9-Al_(0.1)纳米晶合金中的影响情况。研究表明,微量的Al降低了Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)母合金的流动性;微量的Al促使Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)非晶合金在晶化热处理时的晶粒显著长大,降低了非晶合金中的内应力各向异性,由此提高了其晶化后的纳米晶合金100kHz以上频率的μe值,同时也显著降低其获得最佳软磁性能的晶化处理温度;晶化处理后,Al原子在Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)纳米晶合金中富集于α-Fe晶粒和富铜团簇内并且有可能形成了Fe_3Al;Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)磁芯的最佳晶化处理工艺是545℃×1h,其磁芯在1,10,100和200kHz时的μe值分别为33 785,21 551,9 884和5 444。     

铁基纳米晶合金的介观结构(英文)

团聚结构是影响铁基纳米晶合金软磁性能和GMI效应的重要介观结构。本文用原子力显微镜和高分辨场发射电子显微镜对铁基纳米晶合金薄带横断面的介观结构进行了研究。结果表明在铁基纳米晶合金薄带中具有纳米晶粒的团聚结构,其大小约为200nm。结合X射线衍射分析推断这个团聚结构大约由104个纳米晶粒组成,称之为介观结构相。     

淬火温度对Al_(0.5)CoCrFeNiSi_(0.2)高熵合金组织结构的影响

采用真空电弧熔炼的方法制备了高熵合金Al0.5CoCrFeNiSi0.2。对其进行600℃到1100℃保温10h后淬水的淬火处理。通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜及附带的能谱仪、X射线衍射仪和透射电镜观察分析合金的组织结构。用显微硬度计测定合金的显微硬度。结果表明:铸态和淬火态的合金组织均呈典型的枝晶形貌,枝晶含有非晶相和纳米级颗粒。在淬火加热温度低于800℃时,随着淬火温度升高,晶粒细化、fcc相含量减少,硬度随淬火温度的升高而提高;当温度升高至900℃后,枝晶相长大,fcc相含量增加,大块枝晶中析出一种富含Al、Ni的θ相,硬度下降。     

TiCu_(0.5)Al_(0.5)Cr_(0.2)Ni_(0.1)高熵合金微观组织及性能研究

采用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对TiCu_(0.5)Al_(0.5)Cr_(0.2)Ni_(0.1)高熵合金的相组成、相形貌、元素分布进行了系统研究,利用显微维氏硬度计测量了合金在室温下的硬度,通过电子万能试验机对合金进行了室温压缩试验,并在实验室模拟环境下进行合金防腐防污性能研究。结果表明:TiCu_(0.5)Al_(0.5)Cr_(0.2)Ni_(0.1)高熵合金主要由六方晶系Ti(CuAl)_2组成,大块状Ti(CuAl)_2相间存在条状组织,条状为AlCu_2Ti相,条间为CuTi_2相。树枝晶(DR)内Al元素和Cr元素含量较高,枝晶间(ID)Ti元素含量高于枝晶区域,而Ni元素和Cu元素整体分布较均匀。枝晶间(ID)显微硬度平均值为772HV,树枝晶DR显微硬度为690HV,枝晶间(ID)显微硬度高于树枝晶(DR)的;室温压缩强度为1 091 MPa。合金耐腐蚀性能良好,60℃人造海水中合金腐蚀失重量仅为-0.000 05 g,并具备一定的防污功能。     

Fe_(72.5)Cu_1Nb_(1.5)Mo_(1.5)V_1Si_(13.5)B_9合金的磁性和晶化过程

本文研究了Ｆｅ７２．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ１．５Ｍｏ１．５Ｖ１Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金在不同热处理温度下磁性能的变化及其晶化过程。在ＦｅＣｕＮｂＳｉＢ合金中用Ｍｏ,Ｖ部分替代Ｎｂ仍能获得软磁性能良好的纳米微晶。其最合适的热处理退火条件为５３５℃,保温１小时。与用机械合金法合成纳米晶相比较,佐证了非晶晶化法形成纳米微晶,其优异的磁性能是由于微晶中同时存在晶粒和晶界两种磁相,晶粒与晶界之间有交换相互作用。     

纳米晶NbMoTaW难熔高熵合金薄膜力学性能及其热稳定性

目的研究高熵合金薄膜的形貌、结构、力学性能和热稳定性,并探究其潜在的应用价值。方法选取不同厚度的纳米晶NbMoTaW难熔高熵合金薄膜作为研究对象,通过直流磁控溅射制备薄膜样品,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)进行薄膜形貌观测,利用能谱分析仪(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD),对薄膜成分和结构进行分析,采用高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)观测内部结构,利用纳米压痕仪和真空退火炉进行力学性能和热稳定性的检测。结果 NbMoTaW高熵合金薄膜为单相BCC结构,表面形貌和晶粒尺寸随薄膜厚度的变化而变化,随着薄膜厚度的减小,其硬度先增加后减小,在膜厚为250 nm时出现最大值(16.0 GPa)。薄膜经过800℃、2 h的真空退火后,晶粒尺寸没有明显长大,同时硬度也没有明显下降,呈现出良好的热稳定性。结论成功制备出热稳定性优异的纳米晶NbMoTaW难熔高熵合金薄膜,并通过调控薄膜的厚度来改变晶粒尺寸,从而研究高熵合金薄膜结构与性能之间的联系。     

(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金的微观结构及软磁性能

研究了(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金晶化过程中的微观结构及形成纳米晶后的合金软磁性能,发现在FINEMET合金基础上,用Co置换1/2含量Fe形成的(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶合金具有相对较高居里温度Tc≈450℃,460℃退火处理后(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金形成均匀纳米晶组织,晶粒度约为20nm.     

Gigacycle fatigue behavior by ultrasonic nanocrystalline surface modification

Nanocrystalline surface layer up to 84 microm in thick is produced on a specimen made of Al6061-T6 alloy by means of surface treatment called ultrasonic nanocrystalline surface modification (UNSM) technique. The refined grain size is produced in the top-layer and it is increased with increasing depth from the top surface. Vickers microhardness measurement for each nanocrystalline surface layer is performed and measurement results showed that the microhardness is increased from 116 HV up to 150 HV, respectively. In this study, fatigue behavior of Al6061-T6 alloy was studied up to 10(7)-10(9) cycles by using a newly developed ultrasonic fatigue testing (UFT) rig. The fatigue results of the UNSM-treated Al6061-T6 alloy specimens were compared with those of the untreated specimens. The microstructure of the untreated and UNSM-treated specimens was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopey (SEM) and transmission electron microscopey (TEM).     

The formation, structure and properties of nanocrystalline Ni-Mo-B alloys

The structure, structure evolution and microhardness of nanocrystalline Ni-Mo-B alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission and high resolution electron microscopy and microhardness measurements. The nanocrystalline structure was produced by controlled crystallization of amorphous alloys. The annealed samples consist of the FCC nanocrystals with the amorphous regions between them. The grain size of the nanocrystals is about 20 nm and depends on the chemical composition of the alloy. The chemical composition of the amorphous phase between the nanocrystals changes at the annealing. A slight grain growth was observed when the annealing time increases. The diffusion of Mo and B from FCC to the amorphous phase occurs at the annealing. It results in the lattice parameter change. The microhardness of the alloys increases during the annealing. The microhardness values are the same in all alloys before the nanocrystalline structure decomposition. The microhardness is inconsistent with the Petch-Hall equation. The microhardness of the alloys is determined by the microhardness of the amorphous phase bands located between the nanocrystalline grains.     

Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Effect in Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Fe(Cu,Nb)-Si-B Alloys

1. IntroductionRecent works on the properties of Fe-basednanocrystalline alloys have generated considerable interest in the filed of materials because of their excellent soft magnetic characteristi.s[1'21. As a newlydeveloped material, the origin of the excellent softmagnetic characteristics was not clear yet. H..z.r[3]et al. have suggested that smaller magnetic crystallineanisotropy is one of the most important factors whichdominate the excellent soft magnetic characteristics,but the explanat…     

Effects of Nanocrystalline Powders Additions on the Characteristics of Combustion Process, Phase- and Structure-Formation, and Properties of SHS Alloys on Titanium Carbide Base

A study was made of the effect of different nanocrystalline powders additives on the macrokinetics of combusting Ti-Cr-C-Ni mixtures as well as on the composition, structure, and physical-mechanical properties of SHIM-SB alloy produced by the power SHS-compaction technique. An additive of nanocrystalline powder is found to result in 2- to 5-fold modification of alloy structure and, in most cases, in improving physical and mechanical properties (bending strength, hardness, microhardness, and crack growth resistance).     

等离子熔覆铁基非晶纳米晶复合涂层及其性能

利用等离子熔覆技术在A3钢表面制备了一层与基体呈冶金结合的、性能良好的非晶纳米晶复合涂层.涂层有非晶相和纳米相组成,根据衍射峰的半高宽,计算出铁基涂层中平均晶粒尺寸为22～24nm.对涂层进行XRD、SEM、EDS、TEM和DSC分析,并利用显微硬度计和电化学工作站研究涂层的硬度和耐蚀性能,研究表明所制备的铁基涂层具有良好的性能.     

Synthesis and structural characterization of nanocrystalline (Ni,Fe)3Al intermetallic compound prepared by mechanical alloying

Synthesis of (Ni, Fe)₃Al intermetallic compound by mechanical alloying (MA) of Ni, Fe and Al elemental powder mixtures with composition Ni₅₀Fe₂₅Al₂₅ was successfully investigated. The effects of Fe-substitution in Ni₃Al alloy on mechanical alloying process and on the final products were investigated. The structural changes of powder particles during mechanical alloying were studied by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and microhardness measurements. At the early stages, mechanical alloying resulted in a Ni (Al, Fe) solid solution with a layered nanocrystalline structure consisting of cold welded Ni, Al and Fe layers. By continued milling, this structure transformed to the disordered (Ni, Fe)₃Al intermetallic compound which increased the degree of L1₂ ordering upon heating. In comparison to Ni–Al system, Ni (Al, Fe) solid solution formed at longer milling times. Meanwhile, the substitution of Fe in Ni₃Al alloy delayed the formation of Ni (Al, Fe) solid solution and (Ni, Fe)₃Al intermetallic compound. The microhardness for (Ni, Fe)₃Al phase produced after 80 h milling was measured to be about 1170HV which is due to formation of nanocrystalline (Ni, Fe)₃Al intermetallic compound.     

Approach to the Theoretical Strength of Ti—Ni—Cu Alloy Nanocrystals by Grain Boundary Design

The grain boundary design was used to introduce boride Ti_2B and TiB_2 nanoparticles of 5 nm in size into grain boundaries of nanocrystalline Ti_(50)Ni_(25)Cu_(25) alloy.As a result,the maximum normalized microhardness was increased by 20%and the theoretical limit of hardness is substantially approached.It is proposed that boride nanoparticles suppressed low-temperature grain-boundary sliding and,therefore,shifted the range of the anomalous behavior of Hall-Petch relation toward smaller sizes of the Ti-Ni-Cu nanocrystals.     

Nanocrystalline Fe-P-Si alloys

Annealing Fe-P-Si amorphous alloys was found to produce nanocrystalline particles and raise the microhardness of the alloys by a factor of 2 to 3. The most significant strengthening was observed in the alloys containing the smallest amounts of Si and P and the largest amount of the α-Fe-based phase. As shown by x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, the alloy consisting entirely of nanocrystalline phases with a particle size of about 25 nm crystallizes in three steps.     

Preparation and characterization of dysprosium (Dy) ultrafine nanocrystalline structures

By combining the inert-gas condensation with the SPS technology in an entirely closed system with the oxygen concentration below 0.5 ppm, the pure Dy bulk with the ultrafine nanocrystalline structure has been prepared. Thus a novel and efficient route of preparing nano rare-earth metals, as well as metallic nanomaterials that are highly reactive in the air, is proposed. The thermal, physical and mechanical properties of the prepared ultrafine nanocrystalline Dy bulk have been characterized and compared with those of the conventional raw polycrystalline bulk. It is found that in the nanocrystalline Dy bulk, the starting temperature of phase transformation from hexagonal to rhombohedral crystal structure is reduced by 70 degrees C in comparison with that of the raw polycrystalline bulk. The electrical resistivity of the ultrafine nanocrystalline bulk is slightly increased by a few percent as compared with that of the polycrystalline bulk, while the thermal conductivity is reduced by 28-35%. The microhardness and the elastic modulus of the ultrafine nanocrystalline Dy bulk are found to be remarkably improved as compared with those of the raw polycrystalline bulk, e.g., the microhardness and the elastic modulus are approximately 2.4 and 2.0 times as high as those of the raw polycrystalline bulk, respectively.     

Pressure-induced preferential growth of nanocrystals in amorphous Nd(9)Fe(85)B(6)

Control over the growth and crystallographic orientation of nanocrystals in amorphous alloys is of particular importance for the development of advanced nanocrystalline materials. In the present study, Nd(2)Fe(14)B nanocrystals with a strong crystallographic texture along the [410] direction have been produced in Nd-lean amorphous Nd(9)Fe(85)B(6) under a high pressure of 6?GPa at 923?K. This is attributed to the high pressure inducing the preferential growth of Nd(2)Fe(14)B nanocrystals in the alloy. The present study demonstrates the potential application of high-pressure technology in controlling nanocrystalline orientation in amorphous alloys.