A SIMILARITY METHOD FOR LAMINAR WAKE OF POWER-LAW FLUID FLOW AROUND A FLAT PLATE

Based on the characteristic equation for power-law fluid and the Prandtl boundary layer equation, using the similarity method similar to that of Newtonian fluids, two similarity variables were given and a normal differential equation was derived for the laminar wake of power-law fluid flow produced by a flat plate. And numerical results were obtained. The results show that the power-law index n has evident influence on the velocity distribution in the wake. In the wake, velocity gradient is larger, and the wake is narrower for larger n .     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON QUASI- STEADY FLOW OF NONNEWTONIAN FLUID IN SUCK-ROD PUMP

This paper presents a numerical method for simulation of the flow and thecalculated results of the quasi-steady axisymmetrical flow field and pressure distribution on valveball with power-law model for Non-Newtonian fluid in suck-rod pump.We believe the methodcan provide a foundation for further research and improvement of the design of suck-rod pump.     

幂律型流体劈裂注浆机理研究

劈裂注浆技术已广泛应用于各种地下工程之中,但其理论研究远落后于工程实践。为了明确幂律型流体劈裂注浆机理,基于平板裂缝模型及幂律型流变方程,推导出幂律型流体劈裂注浆最大扩散半径计算公式,并分析其适用范围及参数确定方法,最后通过现场注浆试验对其进行验证。结果表明:① 劈裂注浆最大扩散半径与起裂注浆压力、浆液锋前压力、裂缝劈裂宽度、黏度系数、浆液平均流动速率及流变指数等有关;②通过分析浆液最大扩散半径与注浆压力差之间的关系,发现注浆压力差越大,浆液最大扩散半径越大;同时,根据裂缝宽度与浆液压力差的关系,可知裂缝宽度越大,所需要的注浆压力差越小;③根据工程试验结果,得到幂律型流体劈裂注浆最大扩散半径理论计算值与实际测量值之间的误差,验证了幂律型流体劈裂注浆最大扩散半径计算公式的正确性与可行性。研究成果可为同类型注浆工程提供一定的理论支撑与技术支持。     

PERTURBATION SOLUTION OF SECONDARY FLOW OF POWER-LAW FLUID IN HELICAL PIPES WITH CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION

1 .　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｆｌｏｗｉｎｈｅｌｉｃａｌｐｉｐｅｓｉｓｖｅｒｙｃｏｍｐｌｅｘａｎｄｖｅｒｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｉｎｂｏｔｈｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｎｄｔｈｅｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ .ＡｌｏｔｏｆｗｏｒｋｈａｓｂｅｅｎｄｏｎｅｂｙＭｕｒａｔａｅｔａｌ.[1] ,Ｗａｎｇ[2 ] ,Ｇｅｒｍａｎｏ[3 ,4 ] ,Ｋａｏ[5] ,Ｔｕｔｔｌｅ[6] ,ａｎｄＬｉｕ[7] .ＢｕｔｔｈｅｙｏｎｌｙｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｔｈｅＮｅｗｔｏｎｉａｎｆｌｕｉｄｉｎｈｅｌｉｃａｌｐｉｐｅｓ .Ｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｎｏ…     

AN UNSTEADY SEEPAGE FLOW MODEL OF VISCO-ELASTIC POLYMER SOLUTION

With the consideration of the visco--elasticity, the adsorption effect and the variation of rheological parame ters, a seepage flow model of visco-elastic polymer solutions was established. The model was numerically treated with the finite difference method. Then curves of Bottom Hole Pressure (BHP) and formation pressure were drawn. The influences of the relaxation time, the injection rate, the permeability reduction co,efficient, the consistency coefficient and the power-law exponent of the injected fluid on pressure performance were analyzed. This study shows that it is necessary to consider the visco elasticity of non-Newtonian fluid in analyzing of pressure performance in the polymer flooding.     

A NEW METHOD FOR PREDICTION OF PRODUCTIVITY OF FRACTURED HORIZONTAL WELLS BASED ON NON-STEADY FLOW

Hydraulic fracturing technologies of horizontal well are important ways to develop oil-gas field with low permeability. Productivity forecast of fractured horizontal wells is a difficult problem of hydraulic fracturing technologies. Basing on non-steady flow of fractures fluid during production, applying potential function principles, superposition principle and mathematical method for solving, coupling of seepage flow in the formation and pipe flow in the well bore, a new model on multi-fracture interference productivity forecast of fractured horizontal well is established in this article. The results indicate the coincidence rate between this model and practice is high. The pressure loss in the horizontal well bore has definite influence on the production status of fractured horizontal wells. The productions of different fractures in horizontal well bore are unequal, the productions of outer fractures are higher than middle fractures; the pressure in the well bore shows an uneven distribution, the pressure declines gradually from finger tip to heel end. Asymmetry of fractures may make productivity of fractured horizontal wells decline. The conclusions are instructive in designing fractured horizontal well for low permeability reservoir.     

THE ANALYSIS OF THE TREE－DIMENSIONAL ELASTOHYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATIONFOR HEAVILY－LOADED FINITE JOURNAL BEARINGS IN NON－NEWTONIAN LUBRICANTS

ＴＨＥ　ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳ　ＯＦ　ＴＨＥ　ＴＲＥＥ－ＤＩＭＥＮＳＩＯＮＡＬ　ＥＬＡＳＴＯＨＹＤＲＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣ　ＬＵＢＲＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＦＯＲ　ＨＥＡＶＩＬＹ－ＬＯＡＤＥＤ　ＦＩＮＩＴＥ　ＪＯＵＲＮＡＬ　ＢＥＡＲＩＮＧＳ　ＩＮ　ＮＯＮ－ＮＥＷＴＯＮＩＡ...     

MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF TRANSVERSE VIBRATION OF CONICAL SPIRAL TUBE BUNDLE WITH EXTERNAL FLUID FLOW

The conical spiral tube bundle is a new type of heat transfer elements used to enhance heat transfer through flow-induced vibration. The effect of the external fluid flow on the transverse vibration of the conical spiral tube bundle is investigated with a mathematical method proposed in this article. Firstly, the natural vibration of the tube bundle is obtained by the hammering excitation method and the mode shapes of the transverse vibration are discussed. Then the effect of the external fluid flow on the transverse vibration of tube bundle is analyzed by a combination of experimental data, empirical correlations and FEM. The results show that in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 50 Hz, there exist six transverse vibrations. The external fluid flow has a significant effect on the frequency of the tube's transverse vibration, which are decreased by about 18% to 24% when the external fluid flow speed is 0.3 m/s.     

THE PRESSURE TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION OF FRACTAL MEDIUM

The assumption of constant rock properties in pressure-transient analysis of stress-sensitive reservoirs can cause significant errors in the estimation of temporal and spatial variation of pressure. In this article, the pressure transient response of the fractal medium in stress-sensitive reservoirs was studied by using the self-similarity solution method and the regular perturbation method. The dependence of permeability on pore pressure makes the flow equation strongly nonlinear. The nonlinearities associated with the governing equation become weaker by using the logarithm transformation. The perturbation solutions for a constant pressure production and a constant rate production of a linear-source well were obtained by using the self-similarity solution method and the regular perturbation method in an infinitely large system, and inquire into the changing rule of pressure when the fractal and deformation parameters change. The plots of typical pressure curves were given in a few cases, and the results can be applied to well test analysis.     

CHARACTERISTICS OF PRESSURE DROP AND CORRELATION OF FRICTION FACTORS FOR SINGLE-PHASE FLOW IN ROLLING HORIZONTAL PIPE

Gas-liquid two-phase flow occurs increasingly in some dynamic devices operating in the oceanic condition. The relative data are limited with respect to flow characteristics, so the present study is to investigate systematically single-phase pressure drop, and to develop the theory for frictional factor under the rolling condition. Using deionized water as the test fluid, a series of experiments of single–phase flow were conducted in pipe with the inner diameter of 34.5 mm. The test section was horizontally settled on the rolling apparatus, and its regularity was similar to simple harmonic motion. It is found that the pressure drop during rolling motion fluctuate with the change of the rolling period and rolling angle, which is significantly different from fluid motion in a steady state. By the contrast between experiment results and stable-state theory values, existing correlations can not predict present frictional factor very well. Therefore, in the present article, the single-phase frictional factor is correlated with the Reynolds number for rolling motion, and its computated results agree well with experimental data.     

Experimental study and modeling of pressure loss for foam-cuttings mixture flow in horizontal pipe

In this study,we first sought to elucidate foam rheology to describe foam flow behavior,and then to experimentally investigate the pressure losses for both foam and foam-cuttings flow in a horizontal pipe by considering both varied foam qualities of 80%, 85% and 90% and foam velocities.Also,a two-layer numerical model to predict pressure loss was developed based on experimental observations of cuttings behavior.Results show that the foam behaves like a power-law fluid.Furthermore,and the pressure loss signi...     

THE VOF METHOD FOR STUDY OF WAVE RUN-UP AND BREAKING ON A SLOPING STRUCTURE

The volume of fluid method(VOF method)for numerical simulations describing wave run-up on a sloping structure including the overturning,breaking and.merging phenomena is presented.The flow motions are governed by the classical,two-dimen-sional Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible fluid.Computational results concerning the time evolution of the free surface and pressure distribution along water bed and slope boundary are given,showing how an initial solitary wave undergoes run-up,overturning,breaking and merging on the slope.It is found that most of the wave energy is lost after the wave breaking and merging.     

Mass transport in a thin layer of power-law fluid in an Eulerian coordinate system

The mass transport velocity in a thin layer of muddy fluid is studied theoretically. The mud motion is driven by a periodic pressure load on the free surface, and the mud is described by a power-law model. Based on the key assumptions of the shallowness and the small deformation, a perturbation analysis is conducted up to the second order to find the mean Eulerian velocity in an Eulerian coordinate system. The numerical iteration method is adopted to solve these non-linear equations of the leading order. From the numerical results, both the first-order flow fields and the second-order mass transport velocities are examined. The verifications are made by comparing the numerical results with experimental results in the literature, and a good agreement is confirmed.     

在封闭地层中非牛顿幂律流体压降特征分析

研究非牛顿流体压降特征有助于提高聚合物驱油或常规稠油开采效果.本文首先用Laplace变换方法给出了封闭地层中非牛顿幂律流体不稳定渗流数学模型的解析解式,然后通过渐近分析给出了比较完整的压降流动期表现公式,其中晚期拟稳态表达式是一个新的结果,而通过流动期渐近公式可以对非牛顿幂律流体压降测试数据进行简洁分析,文中给出了具体应用方法和步骤.     

Effects of variable fluid properties on the thin film flow of Ostwald-de Waele fluid over a stretching surface

We investigate, in this paper, the effects of thermo-physical properties on the flow and heat transfer in a thin film of a power-law liquid over a horizontal stretching surface in the presence of a viscous dissipation. The fluid properties, namely the fluid viscosity and the fluid thermal conductivity, are assumed to vary with temperature. Using a similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations with a time dependent boundary are converted into coupled non-linear Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) with variable coefficients. Numerical solutions of the coupled ODEs are obtained by a finite difference scheme known as the Keller-box method. Results for the velocity and temperature distributions are presented graphically for different values of the pertinent parameters. The effects of unsteady parameter on the skin friction, the wall temperature gradient and the film thickness are presented and analyzed for zero and non-zero values of the temperature-dependent thermo-physical properties. The results obtained reveal many interesting features that warrant further study on the non-Newtonian thin film fluid flow phenomena, especially the shear-thinning phenomena.     

NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON NON-NEWTONIAN FLOWS THROUGH DOUBLE CONSTRICTIONS BY AN UNSTRUCTURED FINITE VOLUME METHOD

This article presents a numerical investigation on a steady non-Newtonian flow through a two-dimensional channel with double constrictions. The power-law mode is employed in describing the non-Newtonian behavior of the flow. An unstructured finite volume method combined with a fractional-step projection method is developed for the discretization of incompressible equations governing the non-Newtonian flows. The important flow dynamics related with the arterial diseases, such as the wall shear stress and vortex generation, are also numerically studied in detail. Numerical results reveal that there are marked differences between Newtonian and non-Newtonian models.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A PODDED PROPULSOR IN VISCOUS FLOW

A podded propulsor in viscous flow is numerically simulated in this article.The region of fluid is divided into efficient calculation grids.The pressure and viscous force of blades,pod and strut are obtained as functions of an advance coefficient.The steady result is used as a base in the unsteady simulation to obtain a solution more quickly.The distributions of the thrust and torque fluctuations of the key blade in one revolution are obtained.The calculation results from the mixing plane on steady conditions are compared with those obtained from the sliding mesh model on unsteady conditions.The User-Defined Function(UDF)method is used to simulate the influence of ship hull on the non-uniform wake of the propeller.     

低渗透油藏渗流的差分法数值模拟

针对低渗透问题，给出了无量纲化的渗流控制方程、初始条件以及边界条件，并使用差分方法进行数值模拟。计算结果使用Gringarten-Bourdet图版进行井底压力分析，给出了一种计算动边界位置的方法，并详细讨论了动边界变化情况。     

THE FLOW ANALYSIS OF FLUIDS IN FRACTAL RESERVOIR WITH THE FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE

1. INTRODUCTION Chang and Yortsos [1 ]presented the theoretical model for infinite fractal reservoir. Acuna et al. [ 2]explained the fractal characteristic of a naturally fractured geothermal field. Acuna [ 3] reviewed the theoretical background of fractal analysis. They alsodemonstrated the application of various diagnostic techniques for fractal pressure transient analysis as developed by Chang and Yortsos [1 ].Tong[4 ? 7]give the analytical solution of various cases for transient flow…     

船舶螺旋桨周围粘流场数值预报与流场分析

本文叙述了通过直接求解雷诺平均应力方程（ＲＡＮＳ）来获得船舶螺旋桨粘流场数值解的方法与数值求解步骤，该方法采用非交错网格系统，利用幂函数格式离散动量方程，预报－校正方法求解速度－压力耦合问题，应用Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数湍流模式求解雷诺应力项使方程组封闭，以此来获得螺旋桨粘流场，为了验证数值方法的稳定性和可靠性，文中以ＤＴＲＣ４１１９桨为算例，对螺旋桨粘流场进行了数值求解，通过对计算结果的分