Ti3Al-Ni合金的吸氢和放氢性能

近年来 ,具有大容量的新型储氢材料受到广泛关注。D0 1 9-Ti3Al合金由于质轻和超过 3 %的吸氢容量而成为具有储氢潜质的合金之一。然而 ,Ti3AlHX 合金由于稳定性好 ,即吸氢温度太高而无法实际应用。这就使得降低吸氢温度变得必要和重要起来。最近 ,日本学者S .ManO通过Ni替换Ti75-XAl2 5MX (X =15 %和 2 5 % )合金中的合金元素 ,研究了Ni元素在吸氢前后对Ti3Al合金晶体结构的影响 ,同时分析了吸氢含量和放氢温度的变化。实验用材料选用氩气保护下电弧熔炼的Ti75-XAl2 5MX (X =0～ 2 5mol% )合金 ,经过真空下的 10 73K/180h/3 0…     

Mg1.7M0.3(M＝Mg,Ti,Al)Ni贮氢合金结构及性能研究

采用固态烧结法制备了Mg1 7M0 3(M =Mg、Ti、Al)Ni贮氢合金 ,X射线衍射分析结果表明 ,适当提高烧结温度有利于Mg2 Ni相的形成 ;Ti对Mg的取代未引起合金相结构的明显变化 ,而Al取代Mg除有Mg2 Ni相外 ,还有一呈立方晶体结构的新相生成。Ti、Al对Mg的取代 ,不仅提高了Mg2 Ni合金的放电容量 ,同时也提高了合金的循环寿命。     

微量Ti对Mg-9Al合金显微组织和性能的影响

研究了微量Ti对Mg-9Al二元合金铸造显微组织和性能的影响.研究发现,Ti的加入,使得Mg-9Al合金的塑性增加,明显提高了Mg-9Al合金的抗腐蚀性能.分析结果表明,残留Ti弥散分布在合金的基体中,Ti的加入有效降低了Fe的含量,一定程度上“净化”了合金液,抑制了合金凝固时的异质形核,使组织晶粒粗化.实验发现,炉前加入0.12%的Ti(质量分数,下同)时,Mg-9Al合金的晶粒大小由145μm增大到188μm.随着Ti的加入,Mg-9Al铸造组织中β相的形态,由半连续骨骼网状改变为短条状和颗粒状.当炉前加入0.12%的Ti时,Mg-9Al合金的综合性能较佳.     

Ti6Al4V合金相变及吸氢热力学研究（英文）

在823～1023 K的氢化温度范围内对Ti6Al4V合金进行了压力-成分等温线测试,研究了Ti6Al4V合金的相变和吸氢热力学。结果表明,当Ti6Al4V合金在不同的氢化温度下进行置氢处理时,氢压随着氢含量的增加而逐渐升高。由于Ti6Al4V合金中原始β相的存在,在置氢处理过程中,每个压力-成分等温线只有一个倾斜的压力平台。根据Vant’s Hoff定律,压力平台区的焓变值和熵变值分别为-50.7±0.26 k J/mol和-138.4±0.69 J·K~(-1)·mol~(-1)。随着置氢温度的升高,Sieverts常数呈先增大后逐渐减小的趋势。分析了Ti6Al4V合金在置氢处理过程中的相组成和相变。     

掺V和Ag的TiAl合金中缺陷和电子密度的正电子湮没研究

测量了Ti50Al50，Ti50Al48V2，Ti50Al48Ag2合金和充分退火的Ti，Al，Ag，V金属的正电子寿命谱，利用正电子寿命参数分别计算了合金基体和缺陷态的自由电子密度。TiAl合金的脆性与其基体和晶界缺陷处的自由电子密度较低有关。在富Ti的TiAl合金中加入V，V原子比Al和Ti原子能提供较多的自由电子参与形成金属键，因而提高了合金基体和晶界缺陷处的自由电子密度；在TiAl合金中加入Ag也有类似的效应。在TiAl合金中加入V和Ag，有利于提高合金的韧性。     

Ti6Al4V合金吸氢行为研究（英文）

研究了Ti6Al4V合金在不同置氢温度、保温时间和氢压下的吸氢行为,利用光学显微镜研究了氢在钛合金中的分布规律。结果表明,Ti6Al4V合金的氢含量是由置氢温度、保温时间和氢压来控制的。随着置氢温度的升高,氢含量先增加后降低。随着氢压的增加,氢含量直线增加。钛合金的吸氢过程实质上是氢的扩散过程,随着保温时间的增加,合金中的氢分布逐渐趋于一致。     

Ti6Al4V合金吸氢行为研究

研究了Ti6Al4V合金在不同置氢温度、保温时间和氢压下的吸氢行为,利用光学显微镜研究了氢在钛合金中的分布规律。研究结果表明,Ti6Al4V合金的氢含量是由置氢温度、保温时间和氢压来控制的。随着置氢温度的升高,氢含量先增加后降低。随着氢压的增加,氢含量直线增加。钛合金的吸氢过程实质上是氢的扩散过程,随着保温时间的增加,合金中的氢分布逐渐趋于一致。     

锻造粉末冶金Ti6Al4V合金的性能和组织研究

摘 要: 本文对粉末冶金Ti6Al4V合金进行不同方式的锻造,并对锻造前后的性能和组织进行分析。研究表明,锻造是提高粉末冶金钛合金致密度、提高力学性能的有效手段。一方面,对粉末冶金Ti6Al4V合金在不同温度下进行一次锻造变形,发现960℃锻造后合金塑性最高,延伸率达到15.44%;随着锻造温度升高,组织中等轴α不断减少,逐渐向网篮组织转变,塑性有所降低,但是由于粉末的原始颗粒边界对晶粒长大的阻碍作用,在1150℃锻造后粉末冶金Ti6Al4V合金的晶粒没有明显长大,小于20μm的晶粒约占71%。晶粒尺寸小,有利于材料的塑性,其延伸率仍达到14.30%。因此,粉末冶金Ti6Al4V合金比传统熔铸钛合金具有更宽的锻造温度窗口。另一方面,对粉末冶金Ti6Al4V合金在不同温度下进行二次锻造变形,首先在高温锻造,利用小变形量的高温锻造来提高粉末钛合金的致密度,然后在低温进行二次锻造,获取需要的组织。经过两次锻造变形的Ti6Al4V合金的延伸率均大于17%,抗拉强度大于990MPa,屈服强度大于960MPa。     

置氢TC4钛合金与TiAl合金的扩散连接研究

分别对Ti Al合金与TC4钛合金、置氢0.5 wt%的TC4钛合金进行了扩散焊接试验。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析仪、能谱分析仪对接头界面进行了分析,并开展了抗剪强度试验。结果表明,在焊接温度为850℃,连接压力为15 MPa的工艺参数下,当保温时间为5 min时,连接界面存在细小孔洞;当保温时间为15 min时,置氢TC4钛合金的界面孔洞消失,并且产生一定厚度的反应层:保温时间达到30 min时,置氢TC4钛合金与Ti Al合金接头的连接强度平均可达290 MPa。断口分析表明,界面组织主要由Ti Al、Ti_3Al、Ti Al_2和Ti_3Al_5相组成。在相同的扩散焊接工艺规范下,置氢TC4钛合金与Ti Al合金的扩散接头连接强度明显高于未置氢TC4钛合金与Ti Al合金的扩散接头连接强度。     

Ti6Al4V合金相变及吸氢热力学研究

在823~1023 K的氢化温度范围内对Ti6Al4V合金进行了压力-成分等温线测试,研究了Ti6Al4V合金的相变和吸氢热力学。结果表明,当Ti6Al4V合金在不同的氢化温度下进行置氢处理时,氢压随着氢含量的增加而逐渐升高。由于Ti6Al4V合金中原始β相的存在,在置氢处理过程中,每个压力-成分等温线只有一个倾斜的压力平台。根据Vant''s Hoff定律,压力平台区的焓变值和熵变值分别为 -50.7±0.26 kJ/mol和-138.4±0.69 J·K^-1·mol^-1。随着置氢温度的升高,Sieverts常数呈先增大后逐渐减小的趋势。分析了Ti6Al4V合金在置氢处理过程中的相组成和相变。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。